New York's 20th congressional district special election, 2009

New York's 20th congressional district special election, 2009
New York (state)
March 31, 2009 (2009-03-31)
 
Nominee Scott Murphy Jim Tedisco
Party Democratic Republican
Popular vote 80,833 80,107
Percentage 50.23% 49.77%

Representative before election

Kirsten Gillibrand
Democratic

 Elected Representative

Scott Murphy
Democratic

The 2009 special election for the 20th congressional district of New York was held on March 31, 2009, to fill the vacancy created in January 2009 when the district's representative, Congresswoman Kirsten Gillibrand, was appointed US senator from New York, replacing Hillary Clinton, who had been appointed Secretary of State in the Obama administration. The two major-party candidates were Democrat Scott Murphy, a private businessman, and Republican Jim Tedisco, the minority leader of the New York State Assembly. A third-party candidate, Libertarian Eric Sundwall, was initially included in the race, but later removed from the ballot.

The 20th district has historically been conservative, and early polls favored Tedisco, but by February 2009 the race was considered a toss-up. The Republican Party considered the election to be a referendum on President Obama's economic policy and as such, injected significant funding into Tedisco's campaign, using well-known Republicans such as former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich, Congressional Minority Leader John Boehner, and former New York Governor George Pataki for support. Democrats used Senator Gillibrand, Vice President Joe Biden, and an endorsement from President Barack Obama to support the Murphy campaign.

Major issues brought up during the campaign were the candidates' positions on President Obama's stimulus plan, which Tedisco did not take a stance on until late in the race. Murphy supported it while Tedisco eventually opposed it. Tedisco portrayed Murphy's support of the plan as a potential cause of the AIG bonus scandal. Tedisco's campaign also brought up Murphy's failure to pay taxes on a company he founded in the 1990s. A frequent Murphy talking point was that Tedisco's primary residence was not in the Congressional district.

The race was so close that one early vote count had the candidates tied at 77,225 votes each. Absentee ballots decided the election; ballots were accepted until April 13. While Tedisco had been ahead in early counts, by April 10 Murphy was leading, and by April 23 Murphy had a 401-vote advantage. Tedisco conceded the race the following day, and Murphy was sworn in on April 29. Democratic electoral successes in November 2008 and Murphy's clear support of the stimulus package were credited for his success.

Background

New York's 20th district in 2009 encompassed all or part of Columbia, Dutchess, Delaware, Essex, Greene, Otsego, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Warren, and Washington counties.[1] Traditionally conservative, it had been considered a safe seat for Republicans[Note 1] until Blue Dog Democrat Kirsten Gillibrand defeated incumbent John E. Sweeney in the 2006 election.[3] In November 2008, the Republican Party held an enrollment advantage of 70,632 registered voters across the district, down from a 93,337-voter advantage when the district lines were drawn by the New York State Legislature in 2002.[4][5] Although Republican George W. Bush carried the district by an eight-point margin in the 2004 presidential election,[6] Democrat Barack Obama won the district in 2008 by a three-point margin, or approximately 10,000 votes of over 330,000 cast.[7] Gillibrand was reelected in 2008 by 24 points, a fourfold increase over her 2006 margin.[3]

One of Barack Obama's first decisions as president-elect was to appoint Hillary Clinton, US Senator from New York and former Democratic presidential primary opponent, as Secretary of State; Clinton resigned her Senate seat to take the position.[8] The district's seat became vacant in January 2009 when Governor David Paterson appointed Gillibrand to the United States Senate to replace Clinton.[3] On February 23, 2009, Governor Paterson issued a proclamation setting the date for the special election as March 31, 2009.[9] Under state law, Paterson was not required to issue a proclamation for a special election until July 2010.[10] Both the Rothenberg Political Report and the Cook Political Report listed the race as a toss-up.[11][12]

Candidates

In lieu of party primaries, the party nominees were chosen by a weighted vote among the county committees. The weight of the vote depended on the population of registered party voters (Republican or Democrat) in a given county.[13]

Republican Party

State Senator Betty Little and former state Assembly minority leader and 2006 Republican gubernatorial candidate John Faso had been in the running for the Republican nomination.[14] Richard Wager, a former aide to New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg, and State Senator Stephen Saland had also been mentioned.[15][16] Alexander "Sandy" Treadwell, the former New York Secretary of State and 2008 U.S. House challenger, had announced he would not run.[17] On January 24, State Assembly Minority Leader Jim Tedisco received the endorsement of Saratoga County's Republican chairman,[18] while the Greene County GOP endorsed Faso.[19]

Jim Tedisco was the eventual Republican nominee, winning the GOP nomination on January 27, 2009.[20] Tedisco represented the 110th Assembly District, which includes a significant portion of Saratoga County.[21] Tedisco's primary residence was not in the congressional district, although he did own a house in Saratoga Springs and much of his assembly district overlapped the congressional district.[22] This issue would become a major talking point during the campaign.

Democratic Party

On January 31, The Post-Star reported that the Democrats had narrowed the field of potential candidates from over two dozen applicants down to six. The Democratic chairpersons met with all six candidates at a diner in Albany on February 1, and selected Scott Murphy of Glens Falls,[23] president of the Upstate Venture Association of New York,[24] as their candidate.[25][26] Other confirmed candidates included Saratoga County Democratic Chairman Larry Bulman,[15] former New York Rangers goaltender Mike Richter,[15] Coxsackie Town Supervisor Alex Betke,[27] and Tracey Brooks, failed candidate for the nomination for the 21st district election in 2008.[16]

Third parties

New York allows electoral fusion, which is an arrangement allowing two or more qualified parties to list the same candidate on a ballot.[28][29] The Conservative Party chose to cross-endorse Tedisco on February 9,[30] while the Working Families Party gave its endorsement to Murphy on February 17.[31][32] On March 1, the Independence Party, the largest third party in the 20th district,[33] gave its endorsement to Murphy.[34] This was the first time the Independence Party had endorsed a Democrat in the district.[35]

Eric Sundwall, Chair of the New York Libertarian Party, was the Libertarian candidate for the seat. However, he was removed from the ballot on March 25, after 3,786 of the 6,730 signatures his campaign had collected were ruled invalid.[36] Under state election law, independent congressional candidates must collect at least 3,500 valid signatures to be on the ballot.[37] Two Saratoga County residents challenged over 6,000 of Sundwall's signatures; Sundwall blamed Tedisco for the effort to have him removed from the ballot.[38] The vast majority of the rejected signatures were from voters who put down their mailing address instead of the municipality in which they physically lived. Votes for Sundwall on absentee ballots, which were mailed out before he was removed from the ballot, were voided.[36] On March 27, Sundwall announced that he would vote for Murphy in the election and urged his supporters to join him.[39]

Campaign

The campaigns agreed to hold four debates.[40] The first debate took place on March 2, between Tedisco and Murphy.[41][42] The second debate, sponsored by WMHT and the Times Union, took place on March 19 between Murphy and Libertarian candidate Eric Sundwall.[40][43][44] Jim Tedisco held a town hall meeting rather than attend, claiming the debate was not one of the four originally agreed upon.[45] The third debate took place on March 23[46][47] and the final debate was on March 26.[48][49]

Strategists from both parties viewed the outcome of the race as a "referendum on President Obama's handling of the economy". Chairman Michael Steele of the Republican National Committee said the special election was the first of three elections that were "incredibly important" for the Republicans to win.[50] The Republican leadership made this race a top priority, and Chairman Steele, former Governor George Pataki, House Minority Leader John Boehner, and former Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich helped Tedisco with fundraising. Steele visited the district twice.[51] On the Democratic side, Senator Gillibrand appeared in commercials and robocalls for Murphy, and Senator Chuck Schumer helped Murphy's campaign with fundraising.[51] Less than a week before the election, President Obama formally endorsed Murphy in a mass email to supporters[52] and urged supporters to organize and vote for Murphy.[53] A radio ad Vice President Joe Biden recorded for Murphy was released on March 25. That same day, Democratic National Committee (DNC) Chairman Tim Kaine emailed 500 of the party's top donors asking them to contribute to Murphy's campaign.[54]

Scott Murphy and Senator Kirsten Gillibrand at a campaign stop on March 29, 2009[55]

The RNC spent $100,000 on Tedisco's behalf.[56] The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee spent $150,000[57] and the Service Employees International Union spent $315,000 for Murphy.[58] The New York State United Teachers made an effort to call its members on Murphy's behalf, while the National Right to Life, National Republican Trust and New York State Rifle and Pistol Association organizations paid for ads and mailings supporting Tedisco.[59]

Each candidate aimed to discredit the other by pointing out his opponent's flaws or mistakes. Republicans called attention to Murphy's failure to pay taxes on a start-up computer software company he had founded in the 1990s, drawing comparison to three high-profile Obama administration nominees who failed to pay all of their taxes.[60] Tedisco also called attention to Murphy's failure to regularly vote in elections[61] after the National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC) announced that Murphy had failed to vote in the 2000 presidential election, along with seven other primaries and general elections between 2000 and 2003.[62] Believing the negative ads run by the NRCC were responsible for his drop in the polls, Tedisco announced that he would take control of campaign advertising from the NRCC.[63]

Murphy spent the first months of the campaign criticizing Tedisco's early refusal to disclose his position on President Obama's American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.[61] When Tedisco came out in opposition to the legislation on March 16, Murphy responded by writing "it's just shameful it took well over a month for Assemblyman Tedisco to finally admit that he'd vote 'No'".[64] Murphy's campaign described Tedisco as a career Albany politician.[65]

By mid-March, a provision in the stimulus package that grandfathered in bonuses paid to executives at troubled insurance giant AIG and other TARP recipients became a campaign issue. Tedisco, who had been criticized by Murphy for opposing the package, used the outrage over the AIG bonuses to reframe the debate.[66] On March 19, Tedisco called for the resignation of Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner over the AIG controversy.[67] Murphy responded by insisting that the stimulus package was necessary for job creation.[68]

Media Endorsements

Polling

Poll source Date administered Scott Murphy (D) Jim Tedisco (R) Eric Sundwall (L)
Siena Research Institute[77] March 25–26[78] 47% 43% 2%
Siena Research Institute[79] March 9–10[80] 41% 45% 1%
Benenson Strategy Group‡[51] February 24–25[51] 37% 44% 4%
Siena Research Institute[81] February 18–19[82] 34% 46% N/A
Public Opinion Strategies†[83] February 3–4[83] 29% 50% N/A

† Commissioned by Tedisco's campaign and the NRCC
‡ Commissioned by the DCCC

Election

With 100 percent of precincts reporting, initial counts from the election had Murphy leading by about 60 votes out of over 150,000 cast.[84][85] Columbia County's Board of Elections amended its tally the following day, reducing Murphy's lead to 25 votes.[86] The lead alternated between the two candidates throughout early recanvassing; at one point the New York State Board of Elections had listed the election at a zero-vote margin, with each candidate having exactly 77,225 votes.[87] By April 2, Tedisco was ahead by 12 votes. He resigned the position of Assembly Minority Leader on April 5 in preparation for a transition to Congress,[88] and was replaced by Brian Kolb the following day.[89] On April 7, Tedisco was ahead by 97 votes.[90] The close tally meant that absentee ballots would decide the race.[91]

All ballots, absentee ballot envelopes, and voting machines were impounded under a court injunction sought by state Republicans. Under the court order, absentee ballots were counted in central locations rather than individual precincts.[91] Of the 10,000 absentee ballots sent out to voters, 6,000 were returned.[85] Absentee ballots mailed within the United States had to be received by April 7 to be counted. The deadline for overseas (including military) ballots was extended to April 13 after the United States Department of Justice sued the state to ensure they would have a reasonable chance of being counted.[92] Counting of the absentee ballots due by April 7 began on April 8 under a New York State Supreme Court ruling sought by Murphy's campaign.[93]

The legality of about 600 absentee ballots were contested during the count,[94] including Senator Gillibrand's ballot.[95] By April 23, Murphy was ahead by 401 votes,[96] and Tedisco conceded the following day.[97] Murphy was sworn in on April 29.[98] The official results came out in May and had Murphy winning the election with 80,833 votes (50.23%) against Tedisco's 80,107 votes (49.77%).[99]

Unofficial results
Date Scott Murphy Jim Tedisco Difference
April 3[87] 77,225 77,225 0
April 6[100] 76,817 76,914 97
April 7[101] 77,017 77,034 17
April 8[102] 77,018 77,035 17
April 9[103] 76,992 77,060 68
April 10[104] 77,773 77,727 46
April 13[105] 77,907 77,882 25
April 14[106] 77,982 77,935 47
April 15[107] 79,105 79,019 86
April 16[108] 79,452 79,274 178
April 17[109] 79,839 79,566 273
April 23[96] 80,368 79,967 401
Official breakdown by county[99]
County Scott Murphy Jim Tedisco
Columbia 9,161 6,852
Delaware 3,506 3,509
Dutchess 10,019 9,304
Essex 1,375 1,101
Greene 4,607 5,724
Otsego 1,084 1,147
Rensselaer 7,837 8,293
Saratoga 26,290 31,066
Warren 9,323 7,298
Washington 7,631 5,813
2009 NY-20 special congressional election[99]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Democratic Scott Murphy 70,240
Independence Scott Murphy 6,754
Working Families Scott Murphy 3,839
Total Scott Murphy 80,833 50.23
Republican Jim Tedisco 68,775
Conservative Jim Tedisco 11,332
Total Jim Tedisco 80,107 49.77
Majority 726
Turnout 160,940
Democratic hold Swing −11.9

Aftermath

Murphy's victory was credited to a coattail effect from Barack Obama's election in 2008.[110] His support of the stimulus package and Tedisco's failed attempt at clearly explaining his (Tedisco's) opposition to the package also had an impact.[111] Further explanations for the Republican defeat ranged from accusations that Tedisco "dither[ed] on the stimulus bill", to intimations that Tedisco only became his party's nominee by manipulating the selection process.[112] In an editorial, the Wall Street Journal contended that being an "Albany careerist" and running confusing campaign ads had hurt Tedisco.[113] Tedisco's loss immediately made him appear vulnerable to Democrats hoping to capture his seat in the Assembly.[114]

The day after being sworn in, Murphy hired Todd Schulte, his campaign manager, as his new chief of staff.[115] He also hired one of Governor Paterson's aides, Maggie McKeon, as his communications director.[116] For his district director, Murphy turned to Rob Scholz, a Republican. Scholz had worked on Murphy's campaign and had received praise from Larry Bulman, the chairman of the Saratoga County Democratic Committee.[117] Within a month of being elected, Murphy opened offices in Saratoga Springs and Hudson.[118][119] Murphy served the remainder of his term, but lost a reelection bid on November 2, 2010, to challenger Chris Gibson, a retired Army colonel.[120]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ After redistricting in 2002, then-Congressman John E. Sweeney was quoted as saying that "no Republican can ever lose" the district.[2]

References

  1. ↑ "Congressional District 20" (PDF). National Atlas of the United States. Retrieved November 16, 2010.
  2. ↑ Romano, Andrew (November 3, 2010). "Murphy's Law: One Democrat's defeat explains how the party lost the House". Newsweek. The Newsweek Daily Beast Company. Retrieved November 14, 2010.
  3. 1 2 3 Steinhauser, Paul (January 23, 2009). "Gillibrand's House seat could be GOP opportunity". CNN. Atlanta, GA: Turner Broadcasting System. Retrieved January 30, 2009.
  4. ↑ "NYSVoter Enrollment by Congressional District, Party Affiliation and Status" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. November 1, 2008. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
  5. ↑ "Total Enrollment by Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. January 28, 2004. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
  6. ↑ Barone, Michael (January 26, 2009). "Political Bloodlines of Kirsten Gillibrand, Senator From New York". U.S. News & World Report. Washington, DC: Kerry F. Dyer. Retrieved February 5, 2009.
  7. ↑ L, James (January 23, 2009). "NY-20: Traditionally Red District Turned Blue in 2008". Swing State Project. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
  8. ↑ "Obama's Former Rival Clinton Joins His Team". The Washington Post. December 2, 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
  9. ↑ Paterson, David A. (February 23, 2009). "Special Election Twentieth Congressional District Proclamation" (PDF). Albany, NY: State of New York Executive Chamber. Retrieved March 12, 2009.
  10. ↑ Seiler, Casey (January 27, 2009). "Paterson: No hard timeline for 20th special election". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved January 30, 2009.
  11. ↑ "2010 House Ratings". The Rothenberg Political Report. Washington, D.C.: Stuart Rothenberg. February 25, 2009. Retrieved March 11, 2009.
  12. ↑ "2010 Competitive House Race Chart". The Cook Political Report. February 5, 2009. Retrieved March 11, 2009.
  13. ↑ Cadei, Emily (January 26, 2009). "New York Party Bosses to Choose Ballot Names". CQ Politics. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly. Archived from the original on November 14, 2010. Retrieved February 11, 2009.
  14. ↑ "Betty Little Announces Plans To Replace Gillibrand". WPTZ. Plattsburgh, NY: Hearst Television. January 23, 2009. Retrieved January 30, 2009.
  15. 1 2 3 Thompson, Maury (January 23, 2009). "Bulman, Richter may seek Gillibrand's seat". The Post-Star. Glens Falls, NY: Lee Publications, Inc. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  16. 1 2 Kurtz, Josh (January 22, 2009). "GOP Optimistic About Possible Gillibrand Special Election". Roll Call. Washington, DC: Economist Group. Retrieved January 30, 2009.
  17. ↑ Gonzales, Nathan L. (January 24, 2009). "New York 20: Treadwell Not Running". The Rothenberg Political Report. Washington, DC: Stuart Rothenberg. Retrieved January 30, 2009.
  18. ↑ Thompson, Maury (January 24, 2009). "Saratoga County GOP backs Tedisco". The Post Star. Glens Falls, NY: Lee Publications, Inc. Retrieved January 30, 2009.
  19. ↑ O'Brien, Tim (January 24, 2009). "Greene County GOP goes with Faso". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved January 30, 2009.
  20. ↑ Schick, Curtis (January 28, 2009). "GOP picks Tedisco to run on Republican ticket". YNN Capital Region. Albany, NY: Time Warner Cable. Retrieved January 30, 2009.
  21. ↑ "District Map". New York State Assembly. Retrieved October 28, 2010.
  22. ↑ Karlin, Rick (January 22, 2009). "Gillibrand gaining steam". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved October 28, 2010.
  23. ↑ "Rep. Scott Murphy (D-NY 20th District)". Congress.org. Economist Group. Retrieved October 28, 2010.
  24. ↑ DeMare, Carol (February 2, 2009). "Democrats tap new face in 20th District". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. p. A1. Retrieved February 5, 2009.
  25. ↑ Schick, Curtis (February 2, 2009). "Democrats choose Murphy for 20th district race". YNN Capital Region. Albany, NY: Time Warner Cable. Retrieved February 5, 2009.
  26. ↑ Thompson, Maury (January 31, 2009). "Democratic candidate list shrinks". The Post Star. Glens Falls, NY: Lee Publications, Inc. Retrieved February 5, 2009.
  27. ↑ Benjamin, Elizabeth (January 23, 2009). "20th CD Jockeying Begins". Daily News. New York, NY: Mortimer Zuckerman. Retrieved November 4, 2010.
  28. ↑ Dudley, Barbara (2006). "An Old-time Remedy for our Electoral System: Fusion Voting" (PDF). Oregon's Future. Willamette University: 13–14. Retrieved October 30, 2010.
  29. ↑ Kornacki, Steve (April 13, 2009). "Mike Bloomberg: Independent, Except for All the Party Labels". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 30, 2010.
  30. ↑ Spector, Joseph (February 9, 2009). "Tedisco Gets Conservative Nod". The Journal News. White Plains, NY: Gannett Company. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  31. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (February 17, 2009). "Working Families Party Backs Murphy, But Independence Line Still In Play". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  32. ↑ "New York Working Families Backs Scott Murphy for Congress" (Press release). Working Families Party. February 17, 2009. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  33. ↑ Brown, Nathan (June 17, 2010). "State Independence Party backs Murphy". Adirondack Daily Enterprise. Saranac Lake, NY: AdirondackDailyEnterprise. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  34. ↑ Hornbeck, Leigh (March 1, 2009). "Murphy wins the Independence endorsement in 20th CD". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  35. ↑ Benjamin, Elizabeth (March 1, 2009). "Murphy Wins Indy Line Battle". Daily News. New York, NY: Mortimer Zuckerman. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  36. 1 2 Hornbeck, Leigh (March 26, 2009). "Libertarian removed from ballot". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. p. A3. Retrieved October 26, 2010.
  37. ↑ "N.Y. Elec. L. § 6-142(2)(e)" (PDF). State of New York 2008 Election Law. Albany, NY: New York State Board of Elections. p. 176. Retrieved March 26, 2009.
  38. ↑ Liu, Irene Jay (March 27, 2009). "Sundwall endorses Murphy". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation.
  39. ↑ Sundwall, Eric (March 27, 2009). "Campaign Statement". sundwall4congress.org. Retrieved April 30, 2009.
  40. 1 2 Hornbeck, Leigh (March 3, 2009). "Scott Murphy will be at least one debate by himself: updated". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  41. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (March 3, 2009). "In First Debate, Murphy Presses Tedisco on Stimulus, of Course". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  42. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (March 3, 2009). "Not Much Daylight Between Tedisco and Murphy in the First Debate". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  43. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (March 4, 2009). "A Libertarian Wants the Tedisco Spot in a Congressional Debate". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  44. ↑ Hornbeck, Leigh (March 18, 2009). "Sundwall and Murphy to debate, Tedisco doing his own thing". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  45. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (March 19, 2009). "Instead of the Murphy-Sundwall Debate, '3D' Tedisco Plans 'People's Town Hall'". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  46. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (March 4, 2009). "At Forum, Murphy's Stimulus Is Tedisco's Pork". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  47. ↑ Schick, Curtis (March 25, 2009). "Murphy and Tedisco debate as election date challenged". YNN Capital Region. Albany, NY: Time Warner Cable. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  48. ↑ Schick, Curtis (March 27, 2009). "20th District candidates meet for final debate". YNN Capital Region. Albany, NY: Time Warner Cable. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  49. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (March 4, 2009). "In the Last Debate, Murphy Echoes Obama, Tedisco Cites Experience". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  50. ↑ "Steele Focused on 3 Critical Races in Rebuilding GOP". Fox News. News Corporation. January 31, 2009. Retrieved April 30, 2009.
  51. 1 2 3 4 Bresnahan, John (March 11, 2009). "Dem closing in key N.Y. House race". Politico. Arlington, VA: Allbritton Communications. Retrieved March 12, 2009.
  52. ↑ Spector, Joseph (March 25, 2009). "Obama For Murphy". The Journal News. White Plains, NY: Gannett Company. Retrieved March 25, 2009.
  53. ↑ Sam Stein (March 25, 2009). "Obama Flexes Political Muscle, Enters NY Congressional Race". Huffington Post.
  54. ↑ Martin, Jonathan (March 25, 2009). "Biden cuts radio ad in New York race". Politico. Arlington, VA: Allbritton Communications. Retrieved March 26, 2009.
  55. ↑ Liu, Irene Jay (March 28, 2009). "Gillibrand campaigns for Murphy". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved October 31, 2010.
  56. ↑ "RNC Invests in Northeast" (Press release). Republican National Committee. March 12, 2009. Retrieved March 12, 2009.
  57. ↑ "SEIU spends $90K in NY-20". The Hill. Washington, DC: Francine M. McMahon. March 12, 2009. Retrieved March 17, 2009.
  58. ↑ Fund, John (March 28, 2009). "New York Has a Referendum on Obama". The Wall Street Journal. New York, NY: Les Hinton. Retrieved May 15, 2009.
  59. ↑ Harris, Alisa (April 1, 2009). "Going into overtime". WORLD Magazine. Asheville, NC: Nickolas S. Eicher. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  60. ↑ Kraushaar, Josh (February 5, 2009). "Murphy is GOP's next tax target". Politico. Arlington, VA: Allbritton Communications. Retrieved February 5, 2009.
  61. 1 2 Halbfinger, David M. (February 23, 2009). "Stimulus Is Early Focus in Race for Gillibrand's Seat". The New York Times. New York, NY: Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr. Retrieved February 24, 2009.
  62. ↑ Zarnowski, Tatiana (February 19, 2009). "National GOP accuses Murphy of missing elections in 2000-03". The Daily Gazette. Schenectady, NY: John E.N. Hume III. Retrieved February 24, 2009.
  63. ↑ Thompson, Maury (March 12, 2009). "Tedisco shakes up campaign after drop in Siena poll". The Post-Star. Glens Falls, NY: Rick Emanuel. Retrieved November 1, 2010.
  64. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (March 16, 2009). "Murphy: Tedisco's Delay Was 'Shameful'". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  65. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (March 11, 2009). "Tedisco Blasts Murphy Over Ad". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  66. ↑ Sidoti, Liz (March 22, 2009). "NY election seen as referendum on stimulus". Associated Press. Retrieved April 30, 2009.
  67. ↑ Benjamin, Elizabeth (March 19, 2009). "Tedisco Targets Geithner On AIG, Murphy Targets Tedisco On Stimulus". Daily News. New York, NY: Mortimer Zuckerman. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  68. ↑ Good, Chris (March 20, 2009). "Bonus Backlash: Dem Strategy". The Atlantic. Atlantic Media Company. Retrieved November 1, 2010.
  69. ↑ "Editorial: Murphy for Congress". Daily Freeman. Kingston, NY: Journal Register Company. March 22, 2009. Retrieved March 31, 2009.
  70. ↑ "Editorial: Tedisco is best choice for Congress". Poughkeepsie Journal. Poughkeepsie, NY: Gannett Company. March 22, 2009. p. A12. Retrieved October 26, 2009.
  71. ↑ Frost, Mark (March 26, 2009). "Scoop: Tedisco for Congress" (PDF). The Chronicle. Glens Falls, NY: Lone Oak Publishing Co., Inc. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  72. ↑ "Tedisco For The 20th". New York Post. New York, NY: Paul Carlucci. March 26, 2009. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  73. ↑ "Editorial: Scott Murphy in the 20th". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. March 29, 2009. p. B4. Retrieved March 29, 2009.
  74. ↑ "Tedisco is the choice". The Post-Star. Glens Falls, NY: Lee Publications, Inc. March 29, 2009. Retrieved March 29, 2009.
  75. ↑ "Political Endorsement: Public service, experience". The Saratogian. Saratoga Springs, NY: Journal Register Company. March 29, 2009. Retrieved March 29, 2009.
  76. ↑ "Editorial: Tedisco gets our nod for congressional seat". Troy Record. March 29, 2009. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
  77. ↑ Liu, Irene Jay (March 27, 2009). "Murphy now leads by Tedisco 4 points". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved March 27, 2009.
  78. ↑ "Siena New York 20th Congressional District Poll: Murphy Takes 4-Point Lead Over Tedisco in Final Week" (PDF) (Press release). Siena Research Institute. March 27, 2009. Retrieved March 27, 2009.
  79. ↑ Liu, Irene Jay (March 13, 2009). "Siena poll shows Murphy-Tedisco race tightening". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. p. A3. Retrieved October 26, 2010.
  80. ↑ "Siena New York 20th Congressional District Poll: Murphy Cuts Tedisco's Lead From 12 to 4 Points" (PDF) (Press release). Siena Research Institute. March 12, 2009. Retrieved March 12, 2009.
  81. ↑ Liu, Irene Jay (February 26, 2009). "Siena poll: Tedisco leads Murphy 46-34". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
  82. ↑ "Siena New York 20th Congressional District Poll: James Tedisco Has Early 46%-34% Lead Over Scott Murphy" (PDF) (Press release). Siena Research Institute. February 26, 2009. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
  83. 1 2 Kraushaar, Josh (February 6, 2009). "Republican holds early lead for Gillibrand seat". Politico. Arlington, VA: Allbritton Communications. Retrieved February 26, 2009.
  84. ↑ Bauman, Valerie (March 31, 2009). "Razor-thin NY House race goes to absentee count". Columbus Ledger-Enquirer. Associated Press. Retrieved April 1, 2009.
  85. 1 2 Richburg, Keith B.; Paul Kane (April 1, 2009). "Absentee Ballots to Decide N.Y. House Race". The Washington Post. Washington, DC: Washington Post Company. p. A04. Retrieved April 1, 2009.
  86. ↑ Liu, Irene Jay (April 1, 2009). "It's official: Murphy has 25 vote lead over Tedisco". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved April 1, 2009.
  87. 1 2 "Unofficial Results for NY 20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 3, 2009. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
  88. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (April 3, 2009). "Tedisco Says He's Giving Up Leadership To Focus On Recount, 'Transition'". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  89. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (April 6, 2009). "Brian Kolb Is the New Tedisco". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved October 29, 2010.
  90. ↑ Lee-Adrian, Jenny (April 7, 2009). "Tedisco takes 97-vote lead". Poughkeepsie Journal. Poughkeepsie, NY: Gannett Company. Retrieved March 31, 2009.
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  92. ↑ Halbfinger, David M. (April 1, 2009). "No Decision Soon in Upstate House Race". New York Times. New York, New York: New York Times Co. Retrieved April 1, 2009.
  93. ↑ Benjamin, Elizabeth (April 6, 2009). "Let the Counting Begin!". Daily News. New York, NY: Mortimer Zuckerman. Retrieved April 7, 2009.
  94. ↑ Kraushaar, Josh (April 13, 2009). "The battle over the absentee ballots". Politico. Arlington, VA: Allbritton Communications. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  95. ↑ Kraushaar, Josh (April 14, 2009). "Tedisco challenges Gillibrand's absentee ballot". Politico. Arlington, VA: Allbritton Communications. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  96. 1 2 "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY 20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 23, 2009. Retrieved April 23, 2009.
  97. ↑ Liu, Irene Jay; Hornbeck, Leigh (April 25, 2009). "Murphy Going to Congress". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. p. A1. Retrieved October 28, 2010.
  98. ↑ Dlouhy, Jennifer A. (April 29, 2009). "Murphy sworn in surrounded by his 'very large family'". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved April 29, 2009.
  99. 1 2 3 "Statement of Canvass: 20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. May 2009. Retrieved May 15, 2009.
  100. ↑ "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 6, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  101. ↑ "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 7, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  102. ↑ "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 8, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  103. ↑ "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 9, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  104. ↑ "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 10, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  105. ↑ "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 13, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  106. ↑ "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 14, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  107. ↑ "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 15, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  108. ↑ "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 16, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  109. ↑ "Unofficial Combined Machine and Paper Results for NY20th Congressional District" (PDF). New York State Board of Elections. April 17, 2009. Retrieved November 28, 2010.
  110. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (December 22, 2010). "Riding the Republican wave". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved December 27, 2010.
  111. ↑ Halbfinger, David M. (March 31, 2009). "Upstate New York House Race Is Too Close to Call". The New York Times. New York, NY: Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr. Retrieved December 27, 2010.
  112. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (April 27, 2009). "Post-Game: From a Back-Row Seat, Tedisco Mans Up". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
  113. ↑ "Another GOP Defeat". The Wall Street Journal. New York, NY: Les Hinton. April 28, 2009. p. A13. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
  114. ↑ Freedlander, David (May 22, 2009). "Why Scott Murphy Matters". The Capitol. The Capitol and Manhattan Media. Archived from the original on October 5, 2010. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
  115. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (April 30, 2009). "Schulte Stays With Murphy, Now Chief of Staff". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
  116. ↑ Vielkind, Jimmy (May 15, 2009). "Murphy Names McKeon Communications Director". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
  117. ↑ Hornbeck, Leigh (May 5, 2009). "Murphy goes to the other side for district director". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
  118. ↑ Hornbeck, Leigh (June 1, 2009). "Murphy gets new digs in Hudson". The New York Observer. New York, NY: Jared Kushner. Retrieved December 3, 2010.
  119. ↑ Bernstein, Andrew J. (May 2, 2009). "Murphy opens Saratoga Springs district office with forum". The Saratogian. Saratoga Springs, NY: Journal Register Company. Retrieved December 3, 2010.
  120. ↑ "Gibson beats Murphy, Tonko wins". Times Union. Albany, NY: Hearst Corporation. November 2, 2010. Retrieved December 2, 2010.

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