Netherlands at the 2008 Summer Olympics

Netherlands at the 2008 Summer Olympics
Flag of the Netherlands
IOC code	NED
NOC	Dutch Olympic Committee* Dutch Sports Federation
Website	www.nocnsf.nl (Dutch)
in Beijing
Competitors	243 in 20 sports
Flag bearer	Jeroen Delmee (opening) Maarten van der Weijden (closing)
Medals Ranked 11th	Gold Silver Bronze Total 7 5 4 16
Summer Olympics appearances (overview)
1900 1904 1908 1912 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016
Other related appearances
1906 Intercalated Games

The Netherlands competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, People's Republic of China. This was announced in an official statement on the NOC*NSF website.^[1] In the statement they named the Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games as a highlight in sports to which a lot of sportspeople, coaches and the Dutch sports fans would look forward. The Netherlands aimed for a top 10 nations ranking in the Olympics as well as a top 25 ranking in the Paralympics; they ended up ranking 12th at the Games.^[1]

Further in the statement they announced that they were aware of the political discussions about human rights and other issues in the People's Republic of China and that they encouraged these discussions, but that they would only participate in sports related discussions.^[1] They say individual sportspeople, coaches and managers might have their own opinions about the issues but these would always be conveyed as personal opinions deriving from their own social views.^[1] They believe sports activities do have the opportunity to positively influence the situation in the People's Republic of China when it comes to implementing the sports rules correctly as well as in situations improving the levels of respect, solidarity and fair play in sports.^[1]

There were 243 athletes representing the Netherlands.^[2] 15 in athletics, 24 in baseball, 2 in canoeing, 27 in cycling, 8 in equestrian, 2 in fencing, 32 in field hockey, 18 in football, 2 in gymnastics, 10 in judo, 30 in rowing, 12 in sailing, 15 in softball, 21 in swimming, 3 in table tennis, 1 in taekwondo, 2 in triathlon, 6 in volleyball and 13 in water polo. 61 different athletes won a medal, which is 25.10% of all athletes. With a gold and a silver medal Anky van Grunsven was the only multiple medalist. The athletes that qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics are listed below.^[3]

Medalists

Medal	Name	Sport	Event
01 ! Gold	Dekker, IngeInge Dekker Ranomi Kromowidjojo Femke Heemskerk Marleen Veldhuis Hinkelien Schreuder* Manon van Rooijen*	Swimming	Women's 4 × 100 m freestyle relay
01 ! Gold	van Eupen, MaritMarit van Eupen Kirsten van der Kolk	Rowing	Women's lightweight double sculls
01 ! Gold	Vos, MarianneMarianne Vos	Cycling	Women's points race
01 ! Gold	van Grunsven, AnkyAnky van Grunsven	Equestrian	Individual dressage
01 ! Gold	van der Weijden, MaartenMaarten van der Weijden	Swimming	Men's 10 km open water
01 ! Gold	Netherlands women's national water polo team Iefke van Belkum   Noeki Klein Gillian van den Berg   Simone Koot Daniëlle de Bruijn   Ilse van der Meijden Mieke Cabout   Meike de Nooy Rianne Guichelaar   Alette Sijbring Biurakn Hakhverdian   Yasemin Smit Marieke van den Ham	Water polo	Women's tournament
01 ! Gold	Netherlands women's national field hockey team Marilyn Agliotti   Fatima Moreira de Melo Naomi van As   Eefke Mulder Minke Booij   Maartje Paumen Wieke Dijkstra   Sophie Polkamp Miek van Geenhuizen   Lisanne de Roever Maartje Goderie   Janneke Schopman Eva de Goede   Minke Smabers Ellen Hoog   Lidewij Welten	Field hockey	Women's tournament
02 ! Silver	Gravenstijn, DeborahDeborah Gravenstijn	Judo	Women's 57 kg
02 ! Silver	van Grunsven, AnkyAnky van Grunsven Hans Peter Minderhoud Imke Schellekens-Bartels	Equestrian	Team dressage
02 ! Silver	Bes, AnnemiekeAnnemieke Bes Mandy Mulder Merel Witteveen	Sailing	Yngling class
02 ! Silver	Dekker, FemkeFemke Dekker Annemiek de Haan Nienke Kingma Roline Repelaer van Driel Annemarieke van Rumpt Sarah Siegelaar Marlies Smulders Helen Tanger Ester Workel	Rowing	Women's eight
02 ! Silver	Berkhout, LobkeLobke Berkhout Marcelien de Koning	Sailing	Women's 470 class
03 ! Bronze	Houkes, RubenRuben Houkes	Judo	Men's 60 kg
03 ! Bronze	Willeboordse, ElisabethElisabeth Willeboordse	Judo	Women's 63 kg
03 ! Bronze	Bosch, EdithEdith Bosch	Judo	Women's 70 kg
03 ! Bronze	Grol, HenkHenk Grol	Judo	Men's 100 kg

Ambassadors

The NOC*NSF announced a total of eleven athletes as their official ambassadors in the period before, during and after the Olympics in 2008 until the end of that year.^[4] The ambassadors that were chosen were all athletes who had a good chance of qualifying for the Olympics or who had already achieved qualification individually or with their team.^[4] They were a mixture of men, women, individual athletes, team athletes, Olympians and Paralympians. Chefs de Mission were Charles van Commenée (Olympics) and Thea Limbach (Paralympics).^[4]

The eleven ambassadors were:

• Anky van Grunsven, Equestrian, 2 times gold and 4 times silver at previous Olympics, 2 times World and 4 times European champion.
• Edith Bosch, Judoka, 2004 Summer Olympics silver medallist, World champion and double European champion.
• Kees Luyckx, Footballer.
• Kenny van Weeghel, Wheeler, 2004 Summer Paralympics gold, silver and bronze medallist, 4 times World and 3 times European champion.
• Lobke Berkhout, Sailor, triple 470-class World champion together with De Koning.
• Marcelien de Koning, Sailor, triple 470-class World champion together with Berkhout.
• Marije Smits, Paralympic runner and long jumper, 2002 World champion in long jumping.
• Marleen Veldhuis, Swimmer, 2004 Summer Olympics bronze medallist, 2 times World and 11 times European champion.
• Minke Booij, Field hockey player, silver and bronze at previous Olympics, World champion and triple European champion.
• Rutger Smith, Discus thrower and shot putter, silver (shot put) and bronze (discus) medallist at World championships.
• Theo Bos, Track cyclist, 2004 Summer Olympics silver medallist, 5 times World and 3 times European champion.

Athletics

Dutch athletes have so far achieved qualifying standards in the following athletics events (up to a maximum of 3 athletes in each event at the 'A' Standard, and 1 at the 'B' Standard). Simon Vroemen, who qualified for the steeplechase event, was tested positive for the banned anabolic steroid dianabol in July 2008.^[5]

Key

• Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
• Q = Qualified for the next round
• q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
• NR = National record
• N/A = Round not applicable for the event
• Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

Men

Track & road events

Athlete	Event	Heat		Quarterfinal		Semifinal		Final
		Result	Rank	Result	Rank	Result	Rank	Result	Rank
Robert Lathouwers	800 m	1:46.94	3	N/A		Did not advance
Kamiel Maase	Marathon	N/A						2:20:30	39
Gregory Sedoc	110 m hurdles	13.54	4 Q	13.43	3 Q	13.60	6	Did not advance
Marcel van der Westen		13.50	2 Q	13.48	4 q	13.45	6	Did not advance
Caimin Douglas Maarten Heisen Guus Hoogmoed Gregory Sedoc Virgil Spier Patrick van Luijk	4 × 100 m relay	38.87	3 Q	N/A				DSQ

Field events

Athlete	Event	Qualification		Final
		Distance	Position	Distance	Position
Rutger Smith	Shot put	20.13	10 Q	20.41	8
	Discus throw	65.65	3 Q	65.39	7

Combined events – Decathlon

Athlete	Event	100 m	LJ	SP	HJ	400 m	110H	DT	PV	JT	1500 m	Final	Rank
Eugène Martineau	Result	11.19	7.19	13.78	1.99	49.99	14.73	44.09	4.70	71.44	4:37.96	8055	13
	Points	819	859	715	794	815	882	748	819	911	693

Women

Track & road events

Athlete	Event	Final
		Result	Rank
Hilda Kibet	10000 m	31:29.69	15
Lornah Kiplagat		30:40.27	8

Combined events – Heptathlon

Athlete	Event	100H	HJ	SP	200 m	LJ	JT	800 m	Final	Rank
Laurien Hoos	Result	13.52	1.65	14.98	24.57	5.74	48.54	DNS	DNF
	Points	1047	795	860	927	771	832	0
Jolanda Keizer	Result	13.90	1.83	15.15	23.97	6.15	42.76	2:15.21	6370 PB	9*
	Points	993	1016	871	984	896	720	890

* The athlete who finished in second place, Lyudmila Blonska of the Ukraine, tested positive for a banned substance.^[6] Both the A and the B tests were positive, therefore Blonska was stripped of her silver medal, and Keizer moved up a position.

Baseball

The qualification criteria for baseball were the same as the international standards. For European countries the first ranked team at the 2007 European Championship would qualify directly, while the second and third ranked teams would qualify for an extra qualification round.^[7][8] The Dutch team became first in the European Championship, securing their spot in Beijing.^[9]

Roster

Loek van Mil was originally selected in the squad, but withdrew from the tournament before the games had been started. He was replaced by Draijer.^[10]

Results

Team	G	W	L	RS	RA	WIN%	GB	Tiebreaker
South Korea	7	7	0	41	22	1.000	-	-
Cuba	7	6	1	52	23	.857	1	-
United States	7	5	2	40	22	.714	2	-
Japan	7	4	3	30	14	.571	3	-
Chinese Taipei	7	2	5	29	33	.286	5	1–0
Canada	7	2	5	29	20	.286	5	0–1
Netherlands	7	1	6	9	50	.143	6	1–0
China	7	1	6	14	60	.143	6	0–1

Team	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	R	H	E
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	1
Chinese Taipei	0	1	0	3	0	1	0	0	X	5	7	0
WP: Wei-Yin Chen (1–0)   LP: David Bergman (0–1)

Team	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	R	H	E
United States	0	1	0	4	0	0	1	1	-	7	10	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-	0	1	0
WP: Stephen Strasburg (1–0)   LP: Shairon Martis (0–1) Home runs: USA: Matt Brown (1), Matt Laporta (1) NED: None

Team	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	R	H	E
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	1
Japan	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	X	6	10	0
WP: Toshiya Sugiuchi (1–0)   LP: Alexander Smit (0–1) Home runs: NED: None JPN: Takahiko Sato (1)

Team	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	R	H	E
Netherlands	0	0	0	1	5	0	0	0	0	6	9	1
China	0	0	1	0	1	0	0	1	1	4	11	1
WP: Leon Boyd (1–0)   LP: Kai Liu (0–1)   Sv: David Bergman (1) Home runs: NED: Sharnol Adriana (1), Sidney de Jong (1), Bryan Engelhardt (1) CHN: None

Team	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	R	H	E
Cuba	1	0	0	0	5	4	0	4	-	14	16	0
Netherlands	0	1	1	0	0	0	1	0	-	3	10	2
WP: Jonder Martínez (1–0)   LP: Juan Carlos Sulbaran (0–1) Home runs: CUB: None NED: Bryan Engelhardt (2), Percy Isenia (1)

Team	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	R	H	E
Canada	0	0	1	2	0	0	0	1	0	4	7	1
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0
WP: Brooks McNiven (1–0)   LP: Shairon Martis (0–2)

Team	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	R	H	E
South Korea	2	0	0	0	4	2	0	2	-	10	16	1
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	-	0	4	1
WP: Won-Sam Jang (1–0)   LP: Alexander Smit (0–2) Home runs: KOR: Dae-Ho Lee (3), Taek-Keun Lee (1) NED: None

Canoeing

Slalom

Athlete	Event	Preliminary						Semifinal		Final
		Run 1	Rank	Run 2	Rank	Total	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Total	Rank
Robert Bouten	Men's K-1	86.26	11	88.90	16	175.16	14 Q	88.40	5 Q	139.59	9	227.99	9
Ariane Herde	Women's K-1	102.30	12	117.98	20	222.28	13 Q	117.60	10 Q	114.39	6	231.99	6

Cycling

Road

Men

Athlete	Event	Time	Rank
Stef Clement	Road race	Did not finish
	Time trial	1:04:59	9
Laurens ten Dam	Road race	6:34:26	65
Robert Gesink	Road race	6:24:07	10
	Time trial	1:05:02	10
Karsten Kroon	Road race	Did not finish
Niki Terpstra		Did not finish

Women

Athlete	Event	Time	Rank
Chantal Beltman	Road race	3:37:02	47
Mirjam Melchers	Road race	3:33:17	36
	Time trial	37:51.59	18
Marianne Vos	Road race	3:32:45	6
	Time trial	36:58.67	14

Track

Sprint

Athlete	Event	Qualification		Round 1	Repechage 1	Round 2	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final
		Time Speed (km/h)	Rank	Opposition Time Speed (km/h)	Opposition Time Speed (km/h)	Opposition Time Speed (km/h)	Opposition Time Speed (km/h)	Opposition Time Speed (km/h)	Opposition Time Speed (km/h)	Rank
Theo Bos	Men's sprint	10.318 69.780	9 Q	French (AUS) W 10.959 65.699	Bye	Sireau (FRA) W 10.777 66.808	Bourgain (FRA) L, L	Did not advance	5th place final  Sireau (FRA)  Mulder (NED)  Awang (MAS) L	7
Teun Mulder		10.373 69.410	13 Q	Levy (GER) L	French (AUS)  Dmitriev (RUS) W 10.889 66.121	Nimke (GER) W 10.888 66.127	Levy (GER) L, L	Did not advance	5th place final  Sireau (FRA)  Bos (NED)  Awang (MAS) L	6
Theo Bos Teun Mulder Tim Veldt	Men's team sprint	44.213 61.068	4 Q	Australia (AUS) L 44.212 61.069	N/A				Did not advance	5
Yvonne Hijgenaar	Women's sprint	11.533 62.429	10	Meares (AUS) L	Krupeckaitė (LTU)  Grankovskaya (RUS) L	N/A	Did not advance		9th place final  Grankovskaya (RUS)  Guerra (CUB)  Tsukuda (JPN) L	11
Willy Kanis		11.167 64.475	4	Guerra (CUB) W 12.155 59.234	Bye	N/A	Reed (USA) W 11.944, W 11.767	Pendleton (GBR) L, L	Guo S (CHN) L, L	4

Pursuit

Athlete	Event	Qualification		Semifinals		Finals
		Time	Rank	Opponent Results	Rank	Opponent Results	Rank
Jens Mouris	Men's individual pursuit	4:27.445	13	Did not advance
Jenning Huizenga		4:37:097	18	Did not advance
Levi Heimans Pim Ligthart Jens Mouris Robert Slippens Wim Stroetinga	Men's team pursuit	4:04.806	6 Q	Australia (AUS) LAP	—	Did not advance

Keirin

Athlete	Event	1st round	Repechage	2nd round	Finals
		Rank	Rank	Rank	Rank
Theo Bos	Men's keirin	2 Q	Bye	5	12
Teun Mulder		3 R	4	Did not advance

Omnium

Athlete	Event	Points	Laps	Rank
Peter Schep	Men's points race	0	0	20
Marianne Vos	Women's points race	30	1	01 !
Jens Mouris Peter Schep	Men's madison	6	−1	8

Mountain biking

Athlete	Event	Time	Rank
Bart Brentjens	Men's cross-country	LAP (2 laps)	37
Rudi van Houts		LAP (2 laps)	34
Elsbeth van Rooy-Vink	Women's cross-country	1:53:30	14

BMX

Athlete	Event	Seeding		Quarterfinals		Semifinals		Final
		Result	Rank	Points	Rank	Points	Rank	Result	Rank
Robert de Wilde	Men's BMX	36.803	23	18	7	Did not advance
Raymon van der Biezen		36.112	5	10	3 Q	14	5	Did not advance
Rob van den Wildenberg		36.522	18	8	2 Q	9	2 Q	39.772	5
Lieke Klaus	Women's BMX	38.709	11	N/A		13	5	Did not advance

Equestrian

Dressage

Athlete	Horse	Event	Grand Prix		Grand Prix Special		Grand Prix Freestyle		Overall
			Score	Rank	Score	Rank	Score	Rank	Score	Rank
Hans Peter Minderhoud	Exquis Nadine	Individual	69.625	11 Q	70.920	7 Q	75.150	5	73.035	5
Imke Schellekens-Bartels	Sunrise		70.875	5 Q	Withdrew
Anky van Grunsven	Salinero		74.750	2 Q	74.960	2 Q	82.400	1	78.680	01 !
Hans Peter Minderhoud Imke Schellekens-Bartels Anky van Grunsven	See above	Team	71.750	4	N/A				71.750	02 !

Eventing

Athlete	Horse	Event	Dressage		Cross-country			Jumping						Total
								Qualifier			Final
			Penalties	Rank	Penalties	Total	Rank	Penalties	Total	Rank	Penalties	Total	Rank	Penalties	Rank
Tim Lips	Oncarlos	Individual	52.60	41	22.40	75.00	28	0.00	75.00	21 Q	0.00	75.00	15	75.00	15

Show jumping

Athlete	Horse	Event	Qualification								Final					Total
			Round 1		Round 2			Round 3			Round A		Round B
			Penalties	Rank	Penalties	Total	Rank	Penalties	Total	Rank	Penalties	Rank	Penalties	Total	Rank	Penalties	Rank
Angelique Hoorn	Blauwendraad's O'Brien	Individual	4	30	4	8	16 Q	8	16	18 Q	0	=1 Q	4	4	=3 JO	8	9
Marc Houtzager	Opium VS		2	28	1	3	7 Q	5	8	8 Q	0	=1 Q	4	4	=3 JO	8	8
Gerco Schröder	Monaco		5	39	12	17	37 Q	4	21	29 Q	4	11 Q	12	16	=15	12	16
Vincent Voorn	Alpapillon-Armanie		0	=1	16	16	35 Q	27	43	44	Did not advance					43	44
Angelique Hoorn Marc Houtzager Gerco Schröder Vincent Voorn	See above	Team	N/A								17	6	17	34	=4	34	=4

Fencing

Men

Athlete	Event	Round of 64	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinal	Semifinal	Final / BM
		Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Rank
Bas Verwijlen	Individual épée	Bye	Wang L (CHN) W 15–10	Kauter (SUI) W 15–13	Tagliariol (ITA) L 11–15	Did not advance

Women

Athlete	Event	Round of 64	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinal	Semifinal	Final / BM
		Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Rank
Indra Angad-Gaur	Individual foil	El Gammal (EGY) W 13–4	Granbassi (ITA) L 6–11	Did not advance

Field hockey

The qualification criteria for field hockey were the same as the international standards. For European countries the first three ranked teams at the 2007 European Championships would qualify directly, while the fourth through eighth ranked teams would qualify for an extra qualification round, of which only the winners of three qualification tournaments would qualify.^[11][12] The Dutch men's team was first in the European Championship, while the women's team was second in their Championship, each team securing their spot in Beijing.^[13]

Men's tournament

Roster

The following is the Dutch roster in the men's field hockey tournament of the 2008 Summer Olympics.^[14]

Head Coach: Roelant Oltmans

Reserve:

26. Jaap Stockmann (GK)
27. Rogier Hofman

Group play

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
Netherlands	5	4	1	0	16	6	+10	13
Australia	5	3	2	0	24	7	+17	11
Great Britain	5	2	2	1	10	7	+3	8
Pakistan	5	2	0	3	11	13	−2	6
Canada	5	1	1	3	10	17	−7	4
South Africa	5	0	0	5	4	25	−21	0

     Advanced to semifinals

11 August 2008 21:00 Netherlands  5 – 0  South Africa Taekema  4', 35' Docherty  44' Hertzberger  47' M. Brouwer  66' Report Umpires: Henrik Ehlers (DEN) Xavier Adell (ESP)

13 August 2008 21:00 Netherlands  1 – 0  Great Britain Taekema  63' Report Umpires: Murray Grime (AUS) Gary Simmonds (RSA)

000000002008-08-15-000015 August 2008 10:30 Netherlands  4 – 2  Canada Taekema  4', 8', 33' Weusthof  49' Report Deol  12' Kahlon  64' Umpires: Murray Grime (AUS) Chen Dekang (CHN)

17 August 2008 20:30 Australia  2 – 2  Netherlands Ockenden  58' Doerner  61' Report Taekema  55', 70' Umpires: Henrik Ehlers (DEN) Christian Blasch (GER)

19 August 2008 08:30 Netherlands  4 – 2  Pakistan Brouwer  41' Taekema  46', 58' Hertzberger  69' Report Imran  28' Maqsood  65' Umpires: David Leiper (GBR) Kim Hong-Lae (KOR)

Semifinal

21 August 2008 18:00 Netherlands  1 – 1 (a.e.t.)  Germany Hoyng  66' Report P. Zeller  68' Penalties Taekema R. Brouwer Reckers Weusthof De Nooijer --- Taekema 3 – 4 C. Zeller Keller Meinert P. Zeller Weißenborn --- C. Zeller Umpires: David Gentles (AUS) John Wright (RSA)

Bronze medal match

23 August 2008 18:00 Netherlands  2 – 6  Australia 03 ! Taekema  12' De Nooijer  27' Report Ockenden  5', 6' Abbott  9' Matheson  28' Hammond  42' Doerner  62' Umpires: Andy Mair (GBR) Christian Blasch (GER)

Women's tournament

Roster

The following is the Dutch roster in the women's field hockey tournament of the 2008 Summer Olympics.^[14]

Head Coach: Marc Lammers

Reserve:

10. Kelly Jonker
22. Floortje Engels (GK)

Group play

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
Netherlands	5	5	0	0	14	3	+11	15
China	5	3	1	1	14	4	+10	10
Australia	5	3	1	1	17	9	+8	10
Spain	5	2	0	3	4	12	−8	6
South Korea	5	1	0	4	13	18	−5	3
South Africa	5	0	0	5	2	18	−16	0

     Advanced to semifinals

000000002008-08-10-000010 August 2008 20:30 Netherlands  6 – 0  South Africa Mulder  5' Agliotti  27' Paumen  46', 58' Booij  56' Dijkstra  66' Report Umpires: Lisa Roach (AUS) Carolina de la Fuente (ARG)

000000002008-08-12-000012 August 2008 20:30 Netherlands  3 – 2  South Korea Paumen  3', 55' Schopman  7' Report Lee Seon-Ok  4', 39' Umpires: Julie Ashton-Lucy (AUS) Ute Conen (GER)

000000002008-08-14-000014 August 2008 08:30 China  0 – 1  Netherlands Report Paumen  21' Umpires: Chieko Soma (JPN) Soledad Iparruguirre (ARG)

000000002008-08-16-000016 August 2008 10:30 Australia  1 – 2  Netherlands Young  17' Report Paumen  20', 46' Umpires: Sarah Garnett (NZL) Marelize de Klerk (RSA)

000000002008-08-18-000018 August 2008 18:30 Netherlands  2 – 0  Spain Paumen  22' Hoog  69' Report Umpires: Soledad Iparraguirre (ARG) Minka Woolley (AUS)

Semifinal

000000002008-08-20-000020 August 2008 20:30 Netherlands  5 – 2  Argentina Paumen  9', 25', 47' Agliotti  31' Hoog  68' Report Russo  59' Gulla  69' Umpires: Marelize de Klerk (RSA) Sarah Garnett (NZL)

Gold medal match

000000002008-08-22-000022 August 2008 20:30 02 ! China  0 – 2  Netherlands 01 ! Report Van As  51' Goderie  62' Umpires: Soledad Iparraguirre (ARG) Carolina de la Fuente (ARG)

Football

The qualification criteria for football were the same as the international standards. For male European countries the first four ranked teams at the 2007 European Under-21 Championship would qualify.^[15][16] The Dutch men's team was first in the European under-21 Championship, claiming their second consecutive title and securing their spot in Beijing.^[17]

Men's tournament

Roster

The following is the Netherlands squad in the men's football tournament of the 2008 Summer Olympics.^[18]

Head coach: Foppe de Haan

0#0	Pos.	Player	Date of birth (age)	Caps	Goals	Club
1	1GK	Piet Velthuizen	(1986-11-03)3 November 1986 (aged 21)	0	0	Vitesse Arnhem
2	2DF	Gianni Zuiverloon	(1986-12-30)30 December 1986 (aged 21)	0	0	West Bromwich Albion
3	2DF	Dirk Marcellis	(1988-04-13)13 April 1988 (aged 20)	0	0	PSV
4	2DF	Kew Jaliens*	(1978-09-15)15 September 1978 (aged 29)	10	0	AZ
5	2DF	Erik Pieters	(1988-08-07)7 August 1988 (aged 19)	0	0	PSV
6	3MF	Kees Luyckx	(1986-02-11)11 February 1986 (aged 22)	0	0	AZ
7	3MF	Jonathan de Guzmán	(1987-09-13)13 September 1987 (aged 20)	0	0	Feyenoord
8	3MF	Urby Emanuelson	(1986-06-16)16 June 1986 (aged 22)	11	0	Ajax
9	4FW	Roy Makaay* (c)	(1975-03-09)9 March 1975 (aged 33)	43	6	Feyenoord
10	4FW	Gerald Sibon*	(1974-04-19)19 April 1974 (aged 34)	0	0	Heerenveen
11	4FW	Ryan Babel	(1986-12-19)19 December 1986 (aged 21)	25	5	Liverpool
12	3MF	Hedwiges Maduro	(1985-02-13)13 February 1985 (aged 23)	12	0	Valencia
13	2DF	Calvin Jong-a-Pin	(1986-08-18)18 August 1986 (aged 21)	0	0	Heerenveen
14	3MF	Evander Sno	(1987-04-09)9 April 1987 (aged 21)	0	0	Celtic
15	3MF	Royston Drenthe	(1987-04-08)8 April 1987 (aged 21)	0	0	Real Madrid
16	4FW	Roy Beerens	(1987-12-22)22 December 1987 (aged 20)	0	0	Heerenveen
17	3MF	Otman Bakkal	(1985-02-27)27 February 1985 (aged 23)	0	0	PSV
18	1GK	Kenneth Vermeer	(1986-01-10)10 January 1986 (aged 22)	0	0	Ajax

* Over-aged player.

Group play

Qualified for the quarterfinals

Team	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
Nigeria	3	2	1	0	4	2	+2	7
Netherlands	3	1	2	0	3	2	+1	5
United States	3	1	1	1	4	4	0	4
Japan	3	0	0	3	1	4	−3	0

Quarterfinals

Gymnastics

Artistic

Men

Athlete	Event	Qualification								Final
		Apparatus						Total	Rank	Apparatus						Total	Rank
		F	PH	R	V	PB	HB			F	PH	R	V	PB	HB
Epke Zonderland	Horizontal bar	N/A					15.750	15.750	4 Q	N/A					15.000	15.000	7

Women

Athlete	Event	Qualification						Final
		Apparatus				Total	Rank	Apparatus				Total	Rank
		F	V	UB	BB			F	V	UB	BB
Suzanne Harmes	All-around	13.825	14.825	13.825	14.600	57.075	32	Did not advance

Judo

To qualify for the 2008 Summer Olympics Dutch judokas were required to meet both the international (set by the IOC and IJF) and the Dutch criteria (set by the NOC*NSF).^[19][20]

On 26 January 2008, Elisabeth Willeboordse was the first judoka to secure her spot in Beijing. She proved to remain among the world's top ranked judokas by winning her fifth consecutive World Cup in Sofia.^[21] Two days later Edith Bosch qualified by reaching the final of the World Cup in Sofia.^[22] On 9 February World Champion Ruben Houkes secured his spot by finishing in the top 7 in the Super World Cup in Paris.^[23] The next day Mark Huizinga qualified for his fourth consecutive Olympics as he finished in fifth position at the same event in Paris.^[24]

Men

Athlete	Event	Preliminary	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Repechage 1	Repechage 2	Repechage 3	Final / BM
		Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Ruben Houkes	−60 kg	Bye	Will (CAN) W 0011–0001	Alexanidis (GRE) W 0001–0000	Guédez (VEN) W 0010–0001	Choi (KOR) L 0000–1000	Bye			Yekutiel (ISR) W 1000–0000	03 !
Dex Elmont	−66 kg	Bye	Madeira (MOZ) W 1000–0000	Takata (USA) L 0000–0001	Did not advance
Guillaume Elmont	−81 kg	Bye	Nyamkhüü (MGL) W 0001–0000	Maddaloni (ITA) W 1001–0000	Mrvaljević (MNE) W 0010–0000	Kim J-B (KOR) L 0000–0001	Bye			Camilo (BRA) L 0001–1100	5
Mark Huizinga	−90 kg	N/A	Iliadis (GRE) W 1010–0001	Aschwanden (SUI) L 0010–1101	Did not advance
Henk Grol	−100 kg	N/A	Corrêa (BRA) W 0210–0001	Ze'evi (ISR) W 0010–0001	Matyjaszek (POL) W 1000–0000	Zhitkeyev (KAZ) L 0100–1010	Bye			Zhorzholiani (GEO) W 0020–0000	03 !
Dennis van der Geest	+100 kg	Bye	Tmenov (RUS) L 0000–0101	Did not advance

Women

Athlete	Event	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Repechage 1	Repechage 2	Repechage 3	Final / BM
		Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Deborah Gravenstijn	−57 kg	Bye	Quadros (BRA) W 0001–0000	Fernández (ESP) W 0001–0000	Xu Y (CHN) W 0100–0010	Bye			Quintavalle (ITA) L 0001–0011	02 !
Elisabeth Willeboordse	−63 kg	Koval (RUS) W 0012–0010	Saidi (ALG) W 1100–0001	Won O-I (PRK) L 0000–0200	Did not advance	Bye	Krukower (ARG) W 0230–0000	Žolnir (SLO) W 0001–0000	González (CUB) W 0001–0000	03 !
Edith Bosch	−70 kg	Nasiga (FIJ) W 1000–0001	Ouerdane (ALG) W 0110–0010	Rousey (USA) W 1000–0000	Ueno (JPN) L 0001–0110	Bye			Iglesias (ESP) W 1001–0000	03 !
Carola Uilenhoed	+78 kg	Tserenkhand (MGL) L 0001–0010	Did not advance

Rowing

Men

Athlete	Event	Heats		Repechage		Quarterfinals		Semifinals		Final
		Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank
Sjoerd Hamburger	Single sculls	7:27.05	2 QF	N/A		6:57.24	4 SC/D	7:10.06	1 FD	6:58.71	13
Geert Cirkel Jan-Willem Gabriëls Matthijs Vellenga Gijs Vermeulen	Four	6:00.50	1 SA/B	Bye		N/A		6:02.46	4 FB	6:06.37	8
Paul Drewes Marshall Godschalk Ivo Snijders Gerard van der Linden	Lightweight four	5:57.54	4 R	6:25.25	2 SA/B	N/A		6:08.73	3 FA	5:54.06	6
Rogier Blink Jozef Klaassen Meindert Klem David Kuiper Diederik Simon Olivier Siegelaar* Mitchel Steenman Olaf van Andel Peter Wiersum (cox) Reinder Lubbers*	Eight	5:40.48	3 R	5:42.62	3 FA	N/A				5:29.26	4

* Lubbers replaced the injured Siegelaar in the repechage.

Women

Athlete	Event	Heats		Repechage		Semifinals		Final
		Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank
Marit van Eupen Kirsten van der Kolk	Lightweight double sculls	6:50.90	1 SA/B	Bye		7:03.87	1 FA	6:54.74	01 !
Femke Dekker Annemiek de Haan Nienke Kingma Roline Repelaer van Driel Annemarieke van Rumpt Sarah Siegelaar Marlies Smulders Helen Tanger Ester Workel (cox)	Eight	6:07.41	2 R	6:11.58	2 FA	N/A		6:07.22	02 !

Qualification Legend: FA=Final A (medal); FB=Final B (non-medal); FC=Final C (non-medal); FD=Final D (non-medal); FE=Final E (non-medal); FF=Final F (non-medal); SA/B=Semifinals A/B; SC/D=Semifinals C/D; SE/F=Semifinals E/F; QF=Quarterfinals; R=Repechage

Sailing

To qualify for the 2008 Summer Olympics Dutch sailors met both the international (set by the IOC and ISAF) and the Dutch criteria (set by the NOC*NSF).^[25][26]

The first two boats to qualify for the Olympics were the women's 470 of Lobke Berkhout and Marcelien de Koning and the finn of Pieter-Jan Postma. Berkhout and De Koning were 2007 World champions in their class, and secured their spot by finishing sixth in the pre-Olympic tournament in Qingdao on 22 August 2007.^[27] Postma, who won silver at the 2007 World Championships in the finn class, also qualified during the pre-Olympic tournament by finishing in second place.^[28] Brothers Sven and Kalle Coster qualified in the 470 class after finishing 12th in the 2008 World Championships.^[29]

Men

Athlete	Event	Race											Net points	Final rank
		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	M*
Casper Bouman	RS:X	20	27	21	22	4	1	1	2	20	21	EL	112	15
Rutger van Schaardenburg	Laser	32	29	34	32	25	18	30	26	20	CAN	EL	216	37
Kalle Coster Sven Coster	470	11	15	12	2	8	15	2	8	4	2	14	78	4

Women

Athlete	Event	Race											Net points	Final rank
		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	M*
Lobke Berkhout Marcelien de Koning	470	3	1	9	5	2	2	10	7	4	16	10	53	02 !
Annemieke Bes Mandy Mulder Merel Witteveen	Yngling	9	1	2	13	1	5	4	1	CAN	CAN	8	31	02 !

Open

Athlete	Event	Race											Net points	Final rank
		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	M*
Pieter-Jan Postma	Finn	19	15	16	22	15	2	10	16	CAN	CAN	EL	93	14
Mitch Booth Pim Nieuwenhuis	Tornado	3	13	8	3	10	2	8	2	11	10	6	64	5

M = Medal race; EL = Eliminated – did not advance into the medal race; CAN = Race cancelled

Softball

The qualification criteria for softball were the same as the international standards. Reaching the semifinals in the 2006 World Championships was an automatic qualification to compete in the Games in Beijing. The Dutch team did not reach the semifinals, and had to enter the African/European qualification tournament to secure their spot.^[30][31][32]

Women's tournament

• Women's softball team

– Noemi Boekel

– Marloes Fellinger

– Sandra Gouverneur

– Petra van Heijst

– Judith van Kampen

– Kim Kluijskens

– Saskia Kosterink

– Jolanda Kroesen

– Daisy de Peinder

– Marjan Smit

– Rebecca Soumeru

– Nathalie Timmermans

– Ellen Venker

– Britt Vonk

– Kristi de Vries

Swimming

Dutch swimmers have so far achieved qualifying standards in the following events (up to a maximum of 2 swimmers in each event at the Olympic Qualifying Time (OQT), and 1 at the Olympic Selection Time (OST)).^[33][34]

Men

Athlete	Event	Heat		Semifinal		Final
		Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank
Nick Driebergen	100 m backstroke	55.31	28	Did not advance
	200 m backstroke	2:00.24	24	Did not advance
Robert Lijesen	50 m freestyle	22.51	32	Did not advance
Robin van Aggele	200 m breaststroke	2:17.14	48	Did not advance
	100 m butterfly	52.26	=20	Did not advance
	200 m individual medley	2:04.33	39	Did not advance
Thijs van Valkengoed	100 m breaststroke	1:01.32	26	Did not advance
Pieter van den Hoogenband	100 m freestyle	47.97	5 Q	47.68	3 Q	47.75	5
Maarten van der Weijden	10 km open water	N/A				1:51:51.6	01 !
Mitja Zastrow	100 m freestyle	49.61	38	Did not advance
Nick Driebergen Robert Lijesen Bas van Velthoven Pieter van den Hoogenband Mitja Zastrow	4 × 100 m freestyle relay	3:14.90	10	N/A		Did not advance

Women

Athlete	Event	Heat		Semifinal		Final
		Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank
Inge Dekker	100 m freestyle	55.23	24	Did not advance
	100 m butterfly	58.22	9 Q	58.20	7 Q	58.54	8
Chantal Groot	100 m butterfly	59.35	=30	Did not advance
Femke Heemskerk	200 m individual medley	2:16.28	28	Did not advance
Ranomi Kromowidjojo	200 m freestyle	2:00.02	23	Did not advance
Hinkelien Schreuder	50 m freestyle	25.00	=12 Q	24.52	6 Q	24.65	7
Edith van Dijk	10 km open water	N/A				2:00:02.8	14
Jolijn van Valkengoed	100 m breaststroke	1:11.26	35	Did not advance
Marleen Veldhuis	50 m freestyle	24.38	2 Q	24.46	4 Q	24.26	5
	100 m freestyle	53.76	3 Q	53.81	2 Q	54.21	=6
Inge Dekker Femke Heemskerk Ranomi Kromowidjojo Hinkelien Schreuder Manon van Rooijen Marleen Veldhuis	4 × 100 m freestyle relay	3:37.61	4 Q	N/A		3:33.76 OR	01 !
Inge Dekker Femke Heemskerk Saskia de Jonge Ranomi Kromowidjojo Manon van Rooijen	4 × 200 m freestyle relay	7:56.60	11	N/A		Did not advance
Inge Dekker Chantal Groot Femke Heemskerk Ranomi Kromowidjojo Jolijn van Valkengoed	4 × 100 m medley relay	4:04.74	13	N/A		Did not advance

Synchronized swimming

Athlete	Event	Technical routine		Free routine (preliminary)			Free routine (final)
		Points	Rank	Points	Total (technical + free)	Rank	Points	Total (technical + free)	Rank
Bianca van der Velden Sonja van der Velden	Duet	45.584	10	45.834	91.418	9 Q	46.083	91.667	9

Table tennis

To qualify for the 2008 Summer Olympics Dutch table tennis players needed to meet both the international (set by the IOC and ITTF) and the Dutch criteria (set by the NOC*NSF).^[35][36] Li Jiao qualified herself in January 2008 when she was selected by the ITTF as one of the top 20 players in the World.^[37]

Singles

Athlete	Event	Preliminary round	Round 1	Round 2	Round 3	Round 4	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final / BM
		Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Li Jiao	Women's singles	Bye			Ni Xl (LUX) W 4–1	Guo Y (CHN) L 0–4	Did not advance
Li Jie		Bye			Zhu F (ESP) W 4–1	Liu J (AUT) W 4–1	Feng Tw (SIN) L 1–4	Did not advance

Team

Athlete	Event	Group round		Semifinals	Bronze playoff 1	Bronze playoff 2	Bronze medal	Final
		Opposition Result	Rank	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Li Jiao Li Jie Elena Timina	Women's team	Group B  Singapore (SIN) L 0 – 3  United States (USA) L 1 – 3  Nigeria (NGR) W 3 – 0	3	Did not advance

Taekwondo

To qualify for the 2008 Summer Olympics Dutch taekwondo practitioners needed to meet both the international (set by the IOC and WTF) and the Dutch criteria (set by the NOC*NSF).^[38][39] Dennis Bekkers finished third in the qualification tournament in Istanbul, thus qualifying to compete at the Olympics in Beijing.

Athlete	Event	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Repechage	Bronze Medal	Final
		Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Dennis Bekkers	Men's −68 kg	Son T-J (KOR) L 3–4	Did not advance		Tazegül (TUR) L 2–3	Did not advance

Triathlon

Athlete	Event	Swim (1.5 km)	Trans 1	Bike (40 km)	Trans 2	Run (10 km)	Total Time	Rank
Sander Berk	Men's	18:13	0:28	59:06	0:34	33:57	1:52:18.09	31
Lisa Mensink	Women's	20:03	0:28	1:07:44	0:33	41:30	2:10:18.98	45

Volleyball

Beach volleyball

Athlete	Event	Preliminary round	Standing	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final / BM
		Opposition Score		Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Rank
Emiel Boersma Bram Ronnes	Men's	Pool F  Gibb – Rosenthal (USA) L 0 – 2 (16–21, 15–21)  Asahi – Shiratori (JPN) L 0 – 2 (15–21, 25–23, 11–15)  Brink – Dieckmann (GER) W 2 – 0 (21–16, 21–19) Lucky Losers  Klemperer – Koreng (GER) L 0 – 2 (16–21, 25–27)	3	Did not advance
Reinder Nummerdor Richard Schuil		Pool E  Laciga – Schnider (SUI) W 2 – 0 (21–14, 21–15)  Kjemperud – Skarlund (NOR) W 2 – 1 (13–21, 21–15, 15–9)  Klemperer – Koreng (GER) W 2 – 0 (21–16, 21–16)	1 Q	Schacht – Slack (AUS) W 2 – 0 (21–16, 21–14)	Geor – Gia (GEO) L 0 – 2 (19–21, 19–21)	Did not advance
Rebekka Kadijk Merel Mooren	Women's	Pool E  Branagh – Youngs (USA) L 0 – 2 (19–21, 25–27)  Crespo – Esteves (CUB) L 0 – 2 (11–21, 15–21)  Pohl – Rau (GER) L 0 – 2 (19–21, 18–21)	4	Did not advance

Water polo

The Netherlands participated in the women's tournament, where the team won the gold medal.

Women's tournament

The qualification criteria for water polo were the same as the international standards.^[40][41] The Dutch women's team became first at the European qualification tournament in Kirishi by beating the host nation Russia in the final.^[42]

Roster

The following is the Dutch roster in the women's water polo tournament of the 2008 Summer Olympics.^[14]

№	Name	Pos.	Height	Weight	Date of birth	Club
01 !1	Meijden, IlseIlse van der Meijden	GK	1.85 m (6 ft 1 in)	71 kg (157 lb)	000000001988-10-22-000022 October 1988	Brandenburg Bilthoven
02 !2	Smit, YaseminYasemin Smit	CB	1.78 m (5 ft 10 in)	70 kg (150 lb)	000000001984-11-21-000021 November 1984	Het Ravijn Nijverdal
03 !3	Cabout, MiekeMieke Cabout	D	1.82 m (6 ft 0 in)	70 kg (150 lb)	000000001986-03-30-000030 March 1986	ZVL Leiden
04 !4	Hakhverdian, BiuraknBiurakn Hakhverdian	D	1.72 m (5 ft 8 in)	65 kg (143 lb)	000000001985-10-04-00004 October 1985	Polar Bears
05 !5	Ham, MariekeMarieke van den Ham	D	1.69 m (5 ft 7 in)	80 kg (180 lb)	000000001983-01-21-000021 January 1983	Polar Bears
06 !6	Bruijn, DanielleDaniëlle de Bruijn	D	1.72 m (5 ft 8 in)	68 kg (150 lb)	000000001978-02-13-000013 February 1978	Widex GZC Donk Gouda
07 !7	Belkum, IefkeIefke van Belkum	CF	1.85 m (6 ft 1 in)	75 kg (165 lb)	000000001986-07-22-000022 July 1986	ZVL Leiden
08 !8	Klein, NoekiNoeki Klein	CF	1.79 m (5 ft 10 in)	80 kg (180 lb)	000000001983-04-28-000028 April 1983	ZVL Leiden
09 !9	Berg, GillianGillian van den Berg	D	1.73 m (5 ft 8 in)	66 kg (146 lb)	000000001971-09-08-00008 September 1971	De Gouwe Waddinxveen
10	Sijbring, AletteAlette Sijbring	CB	1.74 m (5 ft 9 in)	68 kg (150 lb)	000000001982-03-20-000020 March 1982	TWZ Zaandam
11	Guichelaar, RianneRianne Guichelaar	D	1.74 m (5 ft 9 in)	63 kg (139 lb)	000000001983-08-16-000016 August 1983	Het Ravijn Nijverdal
12	Koot, SimoneSimone Koot	D	1.73 m (5 ft 8 in)	65 kg (143 lb)	000000001980-11-12-000012 November 1980	Brandenburg Bilthoven
13	Nooy, MeikeMeike de Nooy	GK	1.85 m (6 ft 1 in)	73 kg (161 lb)	000000001983-05-02-00002 May 1983	Het Ravijn Nijverdal

Head coach: Robin van Galen

Group play

	Qualified for the semifinals
	Qualified for the quarterfinals
	Will play for places 7–8

Team	GP	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts
Hungary	3	2	1	0	28	20	+8	5
Australia	3	2	1	0	25	22	+3	5
Netherlands	3	1	0	2	27	27	0	2
Greece	3	0	0	3	16	27	−11	0

All times are China Standard Time (UTC+8).

11 August 2008 13:00	Game reference	Hungary	11–9	Netherlands	Ying Tung Natatorium Referees: Caputi (ITA), Koryzna (POL)
		Score by quarters: 3-3, 3-2, 4-3, 1-1
		Pelle 4, Kisteleki 2, Stieber 2, Valkai 2	Goals	de Bruijn 4, van den Berg 3

13 August 2008 14:20	Game reference	Greece	6–9	Netherlands	Ying Tung Natatorium Referees: Ni Shiwei (CHN), Patelli Decio Jr (BRA)
		Score by quarters: 3-3, 2-2, 1-3, 0-1
		Liosi 2	Goals	Cabout 4, de Bruijn 2, van Belkum 2

15 August 2008 13:00	Game reference	Netherlands	9–10	Australia	Ying Tung Natatorium Referees: Caputi (ITA), Turcotte (CAN)
		Score by quarters: 1-2, 2-2, 1-2, 5-4
		van den Ham 3, van Belkum 2, Sijbring 2	Goals	B. Knox 4, Beadsworth 2, Gynther 2

Quarterfinal

17 August 2008 15:40	Game reference	Italy	8 (3)–8 (5)	Netherlands	Ying Tung Natatorium Referees: Bock (GER), Argyros (GRE)
		Score by quarters: 2-2, 1-3, 3-2, 2-1  OT: 0-0, 0-0, 3-5 (PS)
		Zanchi 4, Miceli 2, Bosurgi 2	Goals	Cabout 4, de Bruijn 3, Smit 2, van Belkum 2

Semifinal

19 August 2008 15:40	Game reference	Hungary	7–8	Netherlands	Ying Tung Natatorium Referees: Brguljan (MNE), Antsiferov (RUS)
		Score by quarters: 2-1, 1-3, 3-3, 1-1
		Pelle 3, Drávucz 2, Primász 2	Goals	van den Ham 3, van Belkum 3

Final

000000002008-08-21-000021 August 2008 18:20	Game reference	02 ! United States	8–9	Netherlands 01 !	Ying Tung Natatorium Referees: Kiszelly (HUN), Caputi (ITA)
		Score by quarters: 2-4, 3-1, 1-2, 2-2
		Steffens 2	Goals	de Bruijn 7

See also

• Netherlands at the 2008 Summer Paralympics

References