List of Nazi doctors

This is a list of notable Nazi medical doctors (M.D. or physicians).

When the Nazi government came to power it purged Germany of its 6,000 to 7,000 Jewish doctors.[1] Reportedly more than 7% of all German physicians became members of the Nazi party during World War Two, a far higher percentage than the general population.[2] In 1942 more than 38,000 German doctors, half the total number of doctors, had joined the Nazi party.[3][4] While most of these doctors were physicians, some were psychiatrists, and some held doctorates (PhD.'s) in biology, anthropology, or similarly related fields.

Psychiatrists/Doctors who were working for the state, and not for their patient, saw extermination of their patients as the correct solution to the problem of mental illness and the genetically defective.[5][6][7]

"The participation in the ‘betrayal of Hippocrates’ had a broad basis within the German medical profession. Without the doctors' active help, the Holocaust could not have happened." wrote E Ernst in the International Journal of Epidemiology.[8]

Psychiatrist Ernst Rüdin was the founder of the psychiatric genetics field and was also a founder of the German racial hygiene movement.[9]

Killing and experimentation became medical procedures as they were performed by licensed doctors. A doctor was present at all the mass killings for legal reasons.[10] The excuse that there wasn't any international law to differentiate between legal and illegal human experimentation, was used in the Doctors' trial.[11] Due to the lack of international laws to govern doctors, the Nuremberg Code (1947) was created.

After the war the German Medical Association blamed Nazi atrocities on a small group of 350 criminal doctors.[12][13][14]

Doctors such as Werner Heyde[15] and Robert Ley,[16] changed their name after the war to avoid responsibility. Dr Walter Schreiber first used by the Soviets was later taken into Operation Paperclip in 1951.

Alphabetical List of the Nazi physicians.

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

U

V

W

See also

References

  1. ↑ Newspaper The Southeast Missourian "Germany looks for way out of war" 17 September 1938
  2. ↑ "A long shadow: Nazi doctors, moral vulnerability and contemporary medical culture" Published Online First 3 May 2012
  3. ↑ "The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code : Human Rights in Human Experimentation" Oxford University Press. May 7, 1992. Page 19
  4. ↑ "Exhibition Examines Scientists' Complicity In Nazi-Era Atrocities" The New York Times. Author, Warren E. Leary. November 10, 1992
  5. ↑ "Psychiatry during the Nazi era: ethical lessons for the modern professional" Rael D Strous. February 2007
  6. ↑ "Exhibit Depicts Nazi Science" authors Akua F. Abu and Zhanrui Kuang. April 15, 2011
  7. ↑ "...carried out only by physicians." Book "Human Subjects Research after the Holocaust" authors Sheldon Rubenfeld, Susan Benedict. Year 2014. Page 10.
  8. ↑ "The Third Reich—German physicians between resistance and participation" by E Ernst. Int. J. Epidemiol. (2001) Volume 30, Issue 1 Pp. 37-42. doi: 10.1093/ije/30.1.37
  9. ↑ "Ernst Rüdin: Hitler's Racial Hygiene Mastermind." authors Joseph J, Wetzel. 2013 Spring;46(1):1-30. doi: 10.1007/s10739-012-9344-6.
  10. ↑ "History Vs. Apologetics: The Holocaust, the Third Reich, and the Catholic Church" Author David Cymet. Page 262. Told by Dr Hans Wilhelm Münch in 1981.
  11. ↑ "As Other Editors See it : The Nazi Doctors" Schenectady Gazette. November 27, 1946
  12. ↑ "Apologising for Nazi medicine: a constructive starting point" The Lancet, Volume 380, Issue 9843, (paragraph 6)Pages 722 - 723, 25 August 2012
  13. ↑ Nazi Euthanasia of the Mentally Ill at Hadamar: Rael D. Strous, M.D.Am J Psychiatry 2006
  14. ↑ "Murderous Science: Elimination by scientific selection of Jews, Gypsies and others:1933-1945" by Benno Müller-Hill, Oxford University Press, 1988
  15. ↑ "Psychiatry under National Socialism – Remembrance and Responsibility" by Dr Frank Schneider, Page s116. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci (2011) 261 (Suppl 2):S111–S118. DOI 10.1007/s00406-011-0243-1
  16. ↑ "Robert Ley is in hands of yankees" Lawrence Daily Journal World. May 17, 1945
  17. ↑ "Silence, Scapegoats, Self-Reflection: " authors Volker Roelcke, Etienne Lepicard, Sascha Topp. Year 2015. Page 109.
  18. ↑ "The Murder of Unproductive Persons"
  19. ↑ The Dachau Trials:Mauthausen-Gusen Cases
  20. ↑ "Nazi War Crimes Trials:Ravensbrück Trial"
  21. ↑ Nazi War Crimes Trials
  22. ↑ p.17, "The Eternal Nazi" by Nicholas Kulish and Souad Mekhennet, 2014
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