National Police of Ukraine

The National Police of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Національна поліція України, Natsional'na politsiya Ukrainy), commonly shortened to Police (Ukrainian: Поліція, Politsiya), is the national police service of Ukraine. It was formed on 3 July 2015, as part of the post-Euromaidan reforms launched by Ukrainian president Petro Poroshenko, to replace Ukrainian's previous national police service, the Militsiya.^[2][3] On 7 November 2015 all the remaining militsiya were labelled "temporary acting" members of the National Police.^[2]

The agency is overseen by the Ministry of Internal Affairs.^[4]

History

Prior to 3 July 2015, law enforcement in Ukraine was carried out directly by the Ministry of Internal Affairs as the militsiya. Plans to reform the Ministry, which was widely known to be corrupt, had been advocated by various governments and parties, but these plans were never realised.^[3][5]

In the aftermath of the 2013–2014 Euromaidan movement and subsequent revolution, the need for reform was acknowledged by all parties. Parliamentary elections were held in October 2014, after which all five of the parties that formed the governing coalition pledged to reform the ministry and create a new national police service.^[6]

As part of the reforms, the Minister of Internal Affairs, Arsen Avakov, presented plans to reduce the number of police officers in Ukraine to 160,000 by the end of 2015.^[7] The reform plans started with the combination of the ministry's current State Auto Inspection (DAI) and the patrol service in the country's capital Kiev in summer 2015.^[8][9] This new police patrol received funding from various countries.^[10] 2,000 new policemen and women, picked from 33,000 applicants, were recruited to initiate the new service in Kiev. Officers were American-trained.^[10]

23 August 2015 launch of the new patrol police in Lviv.

Upon the launch of Kiev's new patrol police on 4 July 2015, the militsiya ceased all patrolling but continued working at precincts and administrative offices.^[11][10][12] After that the new police patrol was rolled out across Ukraine.^[10] The organisation was formally established as the National Police on 2 September 2015.^[4] By late September 2015, 2,000 new constables were on duty in Kiev, 800 were on duty in Kharkiv and 1,700 were on duty in the cities of Odessa and Lviv.^[13][11] At this point, the militsiya was 152,000 officers strong, and continued to handle most policing across Ukraine.^[14] The basic salary of the new police force (almost $400 a month) is about three times as much the basic salary of the former militsiya; an attempt to decrease corruption.^[15]

The new National Police officially replaced the old militsiya on 7 November 2015.^[2] On that day, the remaining militsiya were labelled "temporarily acting" members of the National Police.^[2] The change allowed for them to become members of the National Police after "integrity checks", but they were only eligible if they met the age criteria and went through retraining.^[2][16] This transition period ended on 20 October 2016.^[17] In this transition period 26% of police commanders were dismissed and 4,400 policemen and policewomen demoted and the same number of people promoted.^[17]

Structure and branches

The National Police is divided into a number of different services. Each municipal force has internal subdivisions. This leaves the police service with a large number of specialised branches which can more specifically target certain types of crime and apply more expert knowledge in the investigation of cases relating to their area of policing. In addition to these specific groups, all police forces retain a majority of officers for the purpose of patrol duty and general law enforcement.

The Police contains the following subdivisions:^[18]

• Criminal Police (Кримінальна поліція) – investigation and prevention of serious and violent crime in Ukraine
  • Department in fight against drug-related crime
  • Department of Cyber Police (Кіберполіція, Департамент кіберполіції) – fighting against cyber crimes
  • Department of Economic Security
• Department of Patrol Police (Патрульна поліція) – general law enforcement operations, traffic policing and patrol duty (includes riot police divisions)
  • number of municipal administrations
• Department of Police Security (Поліція охорони) – Successor to the State Security Service (nothing to do with the State Security Administration)

In addition, the following special units exist:

• Special Police (Спеціальна поліція) – Tasked with keeping order in areas with special status and/or affected by natural or ecological disaster.
• Rapid Operational Response Unit (KORD) (Корпус Оперативно-Раптової Дії) – Tactical response unit, tasked with resolution of stand-off situations involving hostages and/or heavily armed suspects. Also tasked with providing a tactical support function to other divisional officers.
• Pre-trial Investigative Services (Органи досудового розслідування) – Representatives of the National Investigative Bureau, Tax Authorities and Security Services, tasked with investigating crime.

Municipal forces

Kiev

Lviv

Odesa

Kharkiv

Uzhhorod

Mukacheve

Mykolaiv

Lutsk

Khmelnytskyi

Dnipropetrovsk

Ivano-Frankivsk

Bila Tserkva

Kherson

Chernihiv

Vinnytsya

Kremenchuk

Cherkasy

Poltava

Ternopil

Zhytomir

Boryspil

Chernivtsi

Zaporizhia

Rivne

Kropyvnytskyi

Sumy

Kramatorsk

Sloviansk

Kryvyi Rih

Sievierodonetsk
Lysychansk
Rubizhne

Mariupol

Cities and towns where new police forces have been introduced

Territorial force		Date of formation
Oblast / Municipality	Police force
City of Kiev	Kyiv Patrol Police	4 July 2015[19]
City of Lviv	Lviv Patrol Police	23 August 2015[20]
City of Odessa	Odessa Patrol Police	25 August 2015[21]
City of Kharkiv	Kharkiv Patrol Police	26 September 2015[13]
Kiev Oblast	Kiev Oblast Patrol Police	7 October 2015[22]
City of Uzhhorod	Uzhgorod Patrol Police	29 November 2015[23]
City of Mukacheve	Mukacheve Patrol Police	29 November 2015[23]
City of Mykolaiv	Mykolaiv Patrol Police	6 December 2015[24]
City of Lutsk	Lutsk Patrol Police	19 December 2015[25]
City of Khmelnytskyi	Khmelnytskyi Patrol Police	26 December 2015 [26]
City of Dnipropetrovsk	Dnipropetrovsk Patrol Police	17 January 2016[27]
City of Ivano-Frankivsk	Ivano-Frankivsk Patrol Police	30 January 2016[28]
City of Kherson	Kherson Patrol Police	8 February 2016[29]
City of Chernihiv	Chernihiv Patrol Police	19 February 2016[30]
City of Vinnytsia	Vinnytsia Patrol Police	22 February 2016[31]
City of Kremenchuk	Kremenchuk Patrol Police	27 February 2016[32]
City of Cherkasy	Cherkasy Patrol Police	1 March 2016[33]
City of Poltava	Poltava Patrol Police	5 March 2016[34]
City of Ternopil	Ternopil Patrol Police	12 March 2016[35]
City of Zhytomyr	Zhytomyr Patrol Police	22 March 2016[36]
City of Boryspil	Boryspil Patrol Police	24 March 2016[37]
City of Chernivtsi	Chernivtsi Patrol Police	27 March 2016[38]
City of Zaporizhia	Zaporizhia Patrol Police	16 April 2016[39]
City of Rivne	Rivne Patrol Police	19 April 2016[40]
City of Kropyvnytskyi	Kropyvnytskyi Patrol Police	28 April 2016[41]
City of Sumy	Sumy Patrol Police	12 May 2016[42]
City of Kramatorsk	Kramatorsk Patrol Police	14 May 2016[43]
City of Sloviansk	Sloviansk Patrol Police	14 May 2016[43]
City of Kryvyi Rih	Kryvyi Rih Patrol Police	19 May 2016[44]
Sievierodonetsk	Sievierodonetsk Patrol Police	22 May 2016[45]
Lysychansk	Lysychansk Patrol Police	22 May 2016[45]
Rubizhne	Rubizhne Patrol Police	22 May 2016[45]
Mariupol	Mariupol Patrol Police	30 May 2016[46]

Equipment

Officers wear a camera that is constantly monitoring their performances.^[11] The resulting videos are posted on social media and broadcast on a reality TV show.^[11]

Vehicles

Picture	Make and model	Country of origin	Use	Quantity	Notes
	Toyota Prius	Japan	Patrol car	1,568	General purpose patrol car. Supplied by Japan in return for Ukrainian emissions permits under the Kyoto Protocol.
	Hyundai Sonata	South Korea	Highway patrol car	110	Highway patrol car. Former taxis operated under the SkyTaxi brand by Kiev's Boryspil International Airport. Owned by the state and transferred to the Police as surplus to SkyTaxi's requirements.
	Isuzu D-Max	Japan	Patrol car	38	Procured for the police in the Western Ukrainian region of Volyn.
	Renault Dokker	Morocco	Police van	192	Badged as Renault and based on the Dacia Dokker. Assembled in Morocco.
	Renault Duster	Romania	Patrol car	104	Badged as Renault and based on the Dacia Duster. Assembled in Romania.

Terminology

According to Professor Oleksandr Ponomariv of the University of Kiev's Institute of Journalism, the correct Ukrainian language term for a police officer is 'politsiyant' (поліціянт). This is in contrast to the term 'politseysky' (поліцейський), a loan word from the Russian language, commonly used to refer to an officer of the National Police.

Ranks are rarely used by the public when addressing police officers in Ukraine; it is more common to hear the term Pan (Пан) (female - Pani (Пані) - Ukrainian for mister/miss - used to refer to police officers. Qualifying terms such as 'ofitser' (офіцер) or 'politseysky' (поліцейський) may also be used in conjunction with these forms of address.

Rank hierarchy

	Junior officers				Senior officers
Shoulder insignia for every day uniform
Rank	Constable, Police officer	Corporal	Sergeant	Staff sergeant	Junior lieutenant	Lieutenant	Senior lieutenant	Captain

	Supervisory officers			Staff officers
Shoulder insignia for every day uniform
Rank	Major	Lieutenant colonel	Colonel	Third division general (Major General)	Second division general (Lieutenant General)	First division general (Colonel general)

See also

• Law enforcement in Ukraine
• Internal Troops of Ukraine
• National Guard of Ukraine
• Kiev Police

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Police of Ukraine.

• Official website of Patrol Police
• Official website of National Police
• "Project of the strategic development of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine" (in Ukrainian). Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. 10 November 2014. Retrieved 10 December 2014.