Narasimha Raya II

Narasimha Raya II
Vijayanagara Empire
Sangama dynasty
Harihara I 1336–1356
Bukka Raya I 1356–1377
Harihara Raya II 1377–1404
Virupaksha Raya 1404–1405
Bukka Raya II 1405–1406
Deva Raya I 1406–1422
Ramachandra Raya 1422
Vira Vijaya Bukka Raya 1422–1424
Deva Raya II 1424–1446
Mallikarjuna Raya 1446–1465
Virupaksha Raya II 1465–1485
Praudha Raya 1485
Saluva dynasty
Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya 1485–1491
Thimma Bhupala 1491
Narasimha Raya II 1491–1505
Tuluva dynasty
Tuluva Narasa Nayaka 1491–1503
Vira Narasimha Raya 1503–1509
Krishna Deva Raya 1509–1529
Achyuta Deva Raya 1529–1542
Venkata I 1542
Sadasiva Raya 1542–1570
Aravidu dynasty
Aliya Rama Raya 1542–1565
Tirumala Deva Raya 1565–1572
Sriranga I 1572–1586
Venkata II 1586–1614
Sriranga II 1614
Rama Deva Raya 1617–1632
Venkata III 1632–1642
Sriranga III 1642–1646

Narasimha Raya II (r. 1491-1505) ( Narasimha II, Immadi Narasimha Raya or Dhamma Thimma Raya)[1] was the third and last ruler of the Saluva dynasty, the second of the four dynasties to rule the Vijayanagara Empire.

Background

Narasimha's father, also named Narasimha, had begun life as an army commander serving the Sangama dynasty, which was the dynasty that had founded the Empire in the 13th century. The Sangama dynasty had been gradually weakening over time for a variety of reasons, and in 1485, the senior Narasimha had usurped the throne after capturing the capital and driving out his former overlord, Sangama Praudha Raya. The actual military campaign for this purpose had been carried out by his loyal subordinate, Tuluva Narasa Nayaka.

The senior Narasimha was crowned Emperor and became known as Saluva Narasimha Deva Raya. He died in 1491, only six years after usurping the throne, and left behind two young sons as his heirs. On his deathbed, he entrusted the young boys to the care of his trusted subordinate, Tuluva Narasa Nayaka. The elder son, Thimma Bhupala, was killed within a few weeks after his father's death by an army commander loyal to the old Sangama dynasty. This brought the second son, Narasimha, to the throne.

Reign

Thus, Narasimha II came to the throne following the violent death of his elder brother. He was only a teenager when he became Emperor of the Vijayanagara Empire, and real power lay in the hands of his guardian, Tuluva Narasa Nayaka. This situation continued for twelve years until Tuluva Narasa Nayaka died in 1503. By this time, Narasimha was an adult and there was no justification for the appointment of a regent. Nevertheless, the late regent's eldest son, Tuluva Vira Narasimha Raya, remained the power behind the throne due to his control of the army. He compelled Narasimha to name him Dalavoy (commander-in-chief of the army) and also sarvadhikari ("Administrator General," effectively Regent).

There developed an atmosphere of great tension between the two Narasimhas (Emperor Saluva Narasimha II and his Minister Tuluva Vira Narasimha). Both of them considered that they had a greater right to rule the state. After all, Narasimha had become Emperor only because his father had usurped the throne, and that also very recently. That usurpation had in fact been made possible by the efforts and resourcefulness of his trusted general, Tuluva Narasa Nayaka, who had captured the capital in the name of his master. Not only that, but Tuluva Narasa Nayaka had also later pacified the country, suppressed the supporters of the old Sangama dynasty, and maintained order during the minority of the usurper's two sons. With all this background, Tuluva Vira Narasimha felt that he had a greater right to rule than Emperor Narasimha. Why should he, his sons and grandsons be no more than courtiers serving the upstart dynasty which had been established mainly by the efforts of his own father? The situation was fraught with tension and many resentments.

Death

Finally, in 1505, only two years after the death of the old regent Tuluva Narasa Nayaka, Emperor Saluva Narasimha was assassinated at his fortress of Penukonda, probably by henchmen of Vira Narasimha. With his death ended the reign of the Saluva dynasty, whose three emperors (father and two sons) had reigned for a total of only twenty years.

Upon Narasimha's death, Dalavoy (commander-in-chief) Tuluva Vira Narasimha Raya was proclaimed Emperor of Vijayanagara and the Tuluva dynasty came to the throne. It was to rule for the next 60 years, until the Battle of Talikota in 1565.

Notes

  1. Majumdar R.C. (2006). The Delhi Sultanate, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, p. 305

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References

Preceded by
Thimma Bhupala
Vijayanagar empire
1491 1505
Succeeded by
Tuluva Narasa Nayaka


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