Mystic Seaport

Mystic Seaport

Mystic Seaport, from the Mystic River Estuary
Established 1932
Location Mystic, Connecticut, US
Coordinates 41°19′19″N 71°57′55″W / 41.322°N 71.965278°W / 41.322; -71.965278
Type History Museum
Collection size sailing ships and boats
President Steve White
Curator Paul O'Pecko
Website www.mysticseaport.org

Mystic Seaport or Mystic Seaport: The Museum of America and the Sea in Mystic, Connecticut is the largest maritime museum in the United States.[1] It is notable for its collection of sailing ships and boats, and for the re-creation of the crafts and fabric of an entire 19th-century seafaring village. It consists of more than 60 original historic buildings, most of them rare commercial structures moved to the 19-acre (0.077 km2) site and meticulously restored.[2]

Overview

The museum was established in 1929 as the "Marine Historical Association". Its first fame came with the acquisition in 1941 of the Charles W. Morgan, the only surviving wooden sailing whaler. The seaport was one of the first living history museums in the United States, with a collection of buildings and craftsmen to show how work was done. The seaport now receives about 250,000 visitors each year.[2]

In addition, it supports research via an extensive library,[3] and runs the Frank C. Munson Institute of American Maritime Studies, a summer graduate-level academic program established in 1955 by maritime historian Professor Robert G. Albion of Harvard University.[4] The Seaport also hosts Williams–Mystic in conjunction with Williams College, an undergraduate program in maritime studies.[5] Outreach includes sailing and history classes for area children.[6][7]

Mystic Seaport is a popular destination for boaters, who pay to dock overnight just a short walk away from ships such as the Charles W. Morgan and the fishing schooner L. A. Dunton.[8]

National Historic Landmarks

Four vessels at Mystic Seaport have been recognized by the United States Government as National Historic Landmarks

Vessel Image Type Overall length Built Description
Emma C. Berry well smack 39 ft 1866 Emma C. Berry is the last known surviving American well smack (Noank smack). Well smacks originated in England about 1775, and were designed to keep the catch alive in an internal water-filled compartment known as a wet well. Seawater circulated through large holes in the bottom planking.[9] She was donated to Mystic Seaport in 1969 and in 1994 was declared a National Historic Landmark.[10][11]
L. A. Dunton fishing schooner 123 ft 1921 L. A. Dunton was built in Massachusetts and is among the last of the larger fishing vessels that were powered solely by sail. She was named after Louis A. Dunton, a sailmaker who was a member of the syndicate that commissioned her construction.[12] She was worked in the New England fisheries until 1934 and then in the Newfoundland cod fishery of the Grand Banks into the 1950s. In 1955 she was converted for use as a coastal cargo boat. She was acquired by Mystic Seaport in 1963 and restored to her original condition.[12] Dunton was declared a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.[13][12][14]
Charles W. Morgan whaler 113 ft 1841 Charles W. Morgan is a whaling ship which was active in whaling for 80 years. She is the only surviving wooden whaler from 2,700 historical whalers that operated in the United States whaling fleet. On her deck are huge try pots used to render blubber into whale oil. She came to Mystic Seaport in 1941, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.[15]
Sabino island steamer 57 ft 1908 Sabino is a small, wooden, coal-fired steamboat and is one of only two surviving members of the United States mosquito fleet. The vessel was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1992.[13][16] Mystic Seaport acquired the vessel after she became obsolete in 1974. As of 2016, she is undergoing full restoration.[17]

Other vessels

Vessel Image Type Overall length Built Description
Annie sandbagger sloop 28 ft 1880 Annie was used for competitive racing. She was donated to Mystic Seaport in 1931 and became the first vessel in the collection. She was extensively restored in 2004.[18]
Australia coastal schooner 71 ft 1862 Australia was designed to carry freight in shallow coastal water. She was used as a blockade runner during the American Civil War until she was captured by Union warships and sold at auction. Mystic Seaport acquired her in 1951 for use as a training vessel. In 1962 she was hauled out of the water for restoration but damage to the hull was deemed too extensive and the vessel was permanently beached. Australia is now housed in a shed and used as an exhibit on ship construction.[19]
Breck Marshall cat boat 20 ft c. 1900 The Breck Marshall is a replica constructed in 1987 of Cape Cod catboats used for pleasure and fishing around 1900.[20]
Brilliant auxiliary schooner 61 ft 1932 Brilliant was built to a high standard as an ocean racing yacht. On her maiden voyage she crossed the Atlantic Ocean in just over 15 days, a record for a sailing yacht of her size. Subsequently she did a run in England from Nantucket Lightship to Bishop Rock Light. During World War II, she was acquired by the U.S. Coast Guard, equipped with machine guns and used to patrol the New England coast for enemy submarines. She was donated to Mystic Seaport in 1957, where she is used as an offshore classroom.[21]
Estella A. friendship sloop 34 ft 1904 Estella A. is a classic friendship sloop built in Maine. In she was acquired by Mystic Seaport in 1957 and restored in 1970–72.[22]
Florence dragger 40 ft 1926 Florence is a western rig dragger built in 1926 along the Mystic River. She was used to drag a conical net so she could trawl for fish at the bottom of Long Island Sound. In 1982 she was acquired by Mystic Seaport and restored to her original configuration. Florence is the only working dragger in a museum collection. She is now used to carry students to collect marine biology specimens from Fishers Island Sound.[23]
Gerda III lighthouse tender 40 ft 1926 Gerda III was built in 1928 in Denmark as a lighthouse tender, though it appears to have been used as a common work boat. In 1943 she was used to smuggle Jews from Nazi occupied Denmark to Sweden. Approximately 300 Jews were rescued by Greda III. The Danish Parliament donated her to The Museum of Jewish Heritage. Mystic Seaport helps care for the boat and features her as part of their collection.[24]
Joseph Conrad training ship 111 ft 1882 Joseph Conrad, named after the sea author Joseph Conrad, is an iron-hulled and fully rigged sailing ship which was used to train sailors in Denmark. After sailing around the world as a private yacht in 1934 she served as a training ship in the United States. She was acquired by Mystic Seaport in 1947, and currently continues in her role as a training ship.[25]
Nellie oyster or shoal-draft sloop 36 ft 1891 Nellie was built in New York[26] and was used for oyster dredging in Long Island Sound. Mystic Seaport acquired her in 1964.[27]
Regina M. carry-away sloop 45 ft c. 1900 Regina M. was built in 1900 in Passamaquoddy Bay and was used to collect herring from fish weirs and transport them to canneries on shore. Mystic Seaport acquired the vessel in 1940 and in 1992 she was restored to the way she looked in 1909.[28]
Roann dragger 60 ft 1947 Roann is an eastern rig dragger built in Maine in 1947 and used to fish for flounder, cod, and haddock. Mystic Seaport acquired the vessel after she became obsolete in the 1970s. In 2009, Roann underwent complete restoration.[29]
Star Fishing vessel 34 ft 1950 Star was built in Connecticut for swordfishing and tuna fishing off Long Island. She was acquired by Mystic Seaport in 1976 and has undergone major restoration.[30]

Buildings

Street in Mystic Seaport, masts of Charles W. Morgan in background
Scale model of Mystic as it was about 1870
Children learning to sail in JY15s and Dyer Dhows
Mystic Seaport Light

The Preservation Shipyard is an important part of the museum. It is where traditional tools and techniques are used to preserve the Museum's collection of historic vessels,[31] including the 1841 whaleship Charles W. Morgan. A replica of the slave ship La Amistad was constructed in the shipyard and launched in 2000.[32] Amistad departed from New Haven, Connecticut on 21 June 2007 on a 14,000-mile (23,000 km) transatlantic voyage to Great Britain, Lisbon, West Africa, and the Caribbean, marking the Atlantic trade and slave route to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the end of slavery in Great Britain.[33]

The 19th-century seafaring village contains nearly all the types of general and specialized trades associated with building and operating a sailing fleet. They include a chandlery, sail loft, ropewalk, cooperage, shipping agent's office, printing office, bank, and others. Also included is The Spouter Tavern, open seasonally and serving "travelers' fare". Each building is used both to show the original activity and to display multiple examples of objects sold or constructed; for instance, the nautical instrument shop displays sextants, nautical timepieces, and the like. Demonstrations at the cooperage show how casks are assembled.

Additional buildings house more exhibits. One is a  1⁄128th scale model of the entire Mystic River area c.1870, complete down to the outhouse behind every residence, a model 40 feet (12 m) long.[34] Another contains a collection of carved ship figureheads.[35] Also among the museum's buildings is a planetarium that demonstrates how seamen used stars for navigation.[36]

Sailing

Sailing instruction is given here, as well as tourist rides at nominal cost in various historical small craft. Such tours give a good overview of historic ships at their moorings.

Music

Mystic Seaport's music program is unusual as it prominently features sea shanties in their original contexts as work songs. Regular sessions find shanty singers keeping museum visitors in line as they haul sails or turn a capstan. The Mystic Seaport Sea Music Festival, held annually in June since 1979, is among the oldest and largest in the United States.

See also

References

  1. ↑ House of Representatives (2005) "Commemorating Mystic Seaport", House Report 109, page 1. Government Printing Office.
  2. 1 2 "About Mystic Seaport". Mystic Seaport: The Museum of America and the Sea. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  3. ↑ "Library Fellows". Mystic Seaport: The Museum of America and the Sea. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  4. ↑ "NEH Summer Institute for College and University Professors". Mystic Seaport: The Museum of America and the Sea. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  5. ↑ "College and Graduate Programs". Mystic Seaport: The Museum of America and the Sea. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  6. ↑ "Community Sailing". Mystic Seaport: The Museum of America and the Sea. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  7. ↑ "Planetarium Courses". Mystic Seaport: The Museum of America and the Sea. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  8. ↑ Mystic Seaport Marina Mystic Seaport: The Museum of America and the Sea. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  9. ↑ March, E J (1970). Sailing trawlers – The story of deep-sea fishing with long line and trawl. David & Charles. ISBN 978-0-87742-004-0.
  10. ↑ Emma C. Berry, National Historic Landmark Nomination, 9 February 1994, National Park Service.
  11. ↑ Emma C. Berry: Noank Smack Mystic Seaport. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  12. 1 2 3 D'Estang, Nancy; German, Andrew (25 January 1993). "National Historic Landmark Nomination / L. A. Dunton" (pdf). National Park Service. Retrieved 2012-09-04. and
    "Accompanying Photos" (pdf). Retrieved 2012-09-04.
  13. 1 2 "L. A. Dunton (Schooner)". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved 2007-10-03.
  14. ↑ L. A. Dunton: Fishing schooner Mystic Seaport. Date accessed 6 July 2016
  15. ↑ Charles W Morgan Mystic Seaport. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  16. ↑ Dean, Nicolas (September 1991). "Marine Heritage of the United States NHL Theme Study—Large Vessels: Sabino / Excursion Steamer Sabino" (pdf). National Park Service. Retrieved 2012-09-12. and
    "Accompanying 5 photos, from c.1910 to 1990" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
  17. ↑ Sabino: Steamboat Mystic Seaport. Date accessed 6 July 2016
  18. ↑ Annie: Sandbagger Mystic Seaport. Date accessed 29 June 2016
  19. ↑ Australia: Coasting schooner Mystic Seaport. Date accessed 29 June 2016
  20. ↑ Breck Marshall: Working catboat Mystic Seaport. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  21. ↑ Brilliant: Auxiliary schooner Mystic Seaport. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  22. ↑ Estella A., Mystic Seaport. Date accessed 6 July 2016
  23. ↑ Florence: Dragger Mystic Seaport. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  24. ↑ Gerda III: Danish lighthouse tender, Mystic Seaport. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  25. ↑ Joseph Conrad: Fully rigged ship, Mystic Seaport. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
  26. ↑ "Sports & Recreation". The Woodenboat (169): 92. 2002.
  27. ↑ Nellie: Oyster Sloop Mystic Seaport. Date accessed 6 July 2016
  28. ↑ Regina M.: Carry away boat Mystic Seaport. Date accessed 6 July 2016
  29. ↑ Roann: Eastern rig dragger Mystic Seaport. Date accessed 6 July 2016
  30. ↑ Star: Noank fish and lobster boat Mystic Seaport. Date accessed 6 July 2016
  31. ↑ "Henry B. duPont Preservation Shipyard". Mystic Seaport: The Museum of America and the Sea. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  32. ↑ "The New Topsail Schooner Amistad". Tri-Coastal Marine. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  33. ↑ "Minister Presents Wilberforce Slave Trade Act To Amistad Schooner". Culture 24. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  34. ↑ Mystic River Scale Model Exhibit Mystic Seaport. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  35. ↑ Figureheads Mystic Seaport. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  36. ↑ Treworgy Planetarium Mystic Seaport. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  37. ↑ "iMuseum". museumpods.com. Retrieved 2012-09-30.

Other references

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Coordinates: 41°21′45″N 71°57′55″W / 41.36250°N 71.96528°W / 41.36250; -71.96528

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