Multi-source hypothesis

The Multi-source hypothesis is a proposed solution to the synoptic problem, holding that Matthew, Mark, and Luke are not directly interdependent but have each drawn from a distinct combination of earlier documents. It encompasses a family of theories differing in the particulars of the nature and relationships of these earlier documents.

An early form of the theory was proposed by Marsh over two centuries ago.[1] More recently, Boismard proposed a structurally similar theory,[2] which was further developed by Rolland[3] and Burkett.[4]

According to these theories, the common material among the three synoptic gospels ultimately derives from a proto-gospel somewhat like Mark. This proto-gospel underwent two independent revisions, A and B. Mark was formed by recombining these two revisions. Matthew built upon A and Luke upon B. Both Matthew and Luke also drew from a common source Q, as well as other source sources for their unique material.

See also

Notes

  1. Marsh 1823, pp. 167-409.
  2. Boismard 1979, pp. 1-17.
  3. Rolland 1984, p. 136 Rolland hypothesizes a proto-Matthew source originally composed in Hebrew
  4. Burkett 2004, pp. 141-2 Burkett hypothesizes a proto-Mark source originally composed in Greek

References


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