Metropolitan Manila Development Authority

Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
Pangasiwaan sa Pagpapaunlad ng Kalakhang Maynila
Agency overview
Formed 7 November 1975
Jurisdiction Development of Metro Manila
Headquarters EDSA cor. Orense St., Guadalupe, Makati City
Annual budget P1.48 billion (2013)[1]
Agency executive
Parent agency Office of the President
Website www.mmda.gov.ph
Map of Metro Manila showing the cities and municipalities.

The Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (Filipino: Pangasiwaan sa Pagpapaunlad ng Kalakhang Maynila, MMDA), is an agency of the Republic of the Philippines created embracing the cities of Manila, Quezon City, Caloocan, Pasay, Mandaluyong, Makati, Pasig, Marikina, Muntinlupa, Las Piñas, Parañaque, Valenzuela, Malabon, Taguig, Navotas and San Juan and the municipality of Pateros. Metropolitan Manila or the National Capital Region is constituted into a special development and administrative region subject to direct supervision of the President of the Philippines. The MMDA office is located at Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) corner Orense Street, Guadalupe, Makati, Philippines.

The MMDA performs planning, monitoring and coordinative functions, and in the process exercises regulatory and supervisory authority over the delivery of metro-wide services within Metro Manila without diminution of the autonomy of the local government units concerning purely local matters.

The agency is headed by a Chairman, who is appointed by, and continues to hold office at the discretion of, the President. The Chairman is vested with the rank, rights, privileges, disqualifications, and prohibitions of a cabinet member.

History

President Ferdinand Marcos issued Presidential Decree 824 creating Metro Manila and its managing public corporation, the Metropolitan Manila Commission (MMC) on November 7, 1975 after the residents of the affected cities and municipalities approved the creation of Metro Manila in a referendum held on February 27, 1975. The moved consolidated the Philippine capital Manila and adjacent Quezon City with 2 cities and 12 municipalities of the province of Rizal and 1 municipality of the province of Bulacan into Metro Manila.[3] Marcos appointed his wife, First Lady Imelda Marcos, as Governor and Ismael Mathay, Jr. as Vice-Governor. The office was located in front of the present-day GMA Network at EDSA corner Timog Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City.

The MMC became effectively defunct when on January 9, 1990, President Corazon Aquino issued Executive Order No. 392, in accordance to Article 18, Section 8 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution which replaced the commission with the Metropolitan Manila Authority (MMA).[4] The Metro Manila mayors will choose from themselves as chairman. Jejomar Binay of the municipality of Makati served as its first chairman. The agency transferred to its present office at Guadalupe, Makati. Binay was followed by Ignacio Bunye of municipality of Muntinlupa in 1991, Ismael Mathay, Jr. of Quezon City in 1992 then Prospero Oreta of the municipality of Malabon in 1994.

Since the elected chairman is one of the mayors of Metro Manila, the role to his constituency gave less attention. Thus, the Congress of the Philippines, composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives, passed Republic Act No. 7924 creating the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA) on March 1, 1995. President Fidel V. Ramos appointed Prospero Oreta, who did not run in the Malabon municipal election, as the first Chairman of the MMDA on May 1995 and made him independent of the Metro Manila mayors.

Agency chairpersons

The MMDA headquarters at EDSA and Orense Street, Makati
Metropolitan Manila Commission
# Name From Term
Start End
1 Imelda Marcos Manila 27 February 1975 25 February 1986
Metropolitan Manila Authority
# Name From Term
Start End
1 Jejomar Binay Makati 9 January 1990 1991
2 Ignacio Bunye Muntinlupa 1991 30 June 1992
3 Mel Mathay Quezon City 30 June 1992 30 June 1994
Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
# Name From Term
Start End
1 Prospero Oreta Malabon 30 June 1994 30 June 1998
2 Jejomar Binay Makati 30 June 1998 20 January 2001
3 Benjamin Abalos Mandaluyong 20 January 2001 5 June 2002
4 Bayani Fernando Marikina 5 June 2002 25 November 2009
5 Oscar Inocentes Quezon City 25 November 2009 27 July 2010
6 Francis Tolentino Tagaytay 27 July 2010 7 October 2015
– Emerson Carlos 1 October 2015 19 August 2016
7 Thomas Orbos 22 August 2016 Incumbent

Metro Manila Council

A meeting of the Metro Manila Council in June 2016.
Members of the Metro Manila Council (2016-2019)
MayorCity / Municipality
Oscar Malapitan Caloocan
Imelda Aguilar Las Piñas
Abigail Binay Makati
Antolin Oreta III Malabon
Menchie Abalos Mandaluyong
Joseph Estrada Manila
Marcelino Teodoro Marikina
Jaime Fresnedi Muntinlupa
John Rey Tiangco Navotas
Edwin Olivarez Parañaque
Antonino Calixto Pasay
Robert Eusebio Pasig
Miguel Ponce Pateros
Herbert Bautista Quezon City
Guia Gomez San Juan
Lani Cayetano Taguig
Rexlon Gatchalian Valenzuela

The governing board and policy making body of the MMDA is the Metro Manila Council, composed of the mayors of the cities and municipalities.

The heads of the Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC), Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), Department of Tourism (DOT), Department of Budget and Management (DBM), Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Committee (HUDCC), and Philippine National Police (PNP) or their duty authorized representatives, attend meetings of the council as non-voting members.

Functions

The Council is the policy-making body of the MMDA.

Transport and traffic management

MMDA Media Stations

MMDA had TV and radio stations sometimes carrying the same brand, MMDA Teleradyo. They ceased on August 17, 2010.

To compensate for the closure of these communication mediums, the MMDA turned to social media such as Twitter to broadcast traffic updates to users following them. Live billboards, particularly at EDSA, have been also constructed. The MMDA app for iOS and Android have also been made available for free, broadcasting traffic updates directly.

Pasig River Ferry

For more details on this topic, see Pasig River Ferry Service.

Since 2014, the agency took over the mothballed Pasig River ferry system in anticipation of huge traffic along the metropolis, from the Skyway Stage 3 construction. In reviving the defunct transportation, many of the old ferry stations were reactivated and new vessels purchased. Ridership of the waterway service increased over time, with the offering of discounts to students and senior citizens. The MMDA intends to continue operating the ferry service until a private investor takes over.

Mabuhay Lanes

Coined by Francis Tolentino, Mabuhay Lanes (formerly called Christmas Lanes, as it was launched during Christmas season of 2014) are roads marked as priority alternative routes that must be cleared of obstruction at all times. This was underscored by strict parking restrictions, where parked vehicles along roads designated as such were towed right away.

Illegal Parking and Towing

The MMDA is tasked to clear obstructions from the roads at all times, and conducts daily clearing operations against stalled and illegally parked vehicles, with subcontracted towing companies. Illegally parked vehicles will be given 5 minutes to leave, and will be towed otherwise. Incapacitated vehicles are almost immediately towed to clear traffic.

Primary and secondary roads, unless with designated parking areas, are considered "No-Parking-Zones".

Footbridges

Starting from Bayani Fernando's term, there has been a large increase in construction of footbridges all over Metro Manila. It has been continued, albeit fewer than before, by succeeding chairmen. It has been hailed due to providing safe passage and crossing for pedestrians in otherwise risky pedestrian lanes.

U-Turn Slots

While already in existence long ago and is not a new concept, it was made popular by Bayani Fernando as a solution to worsening traffic in Metro Manila by closing certain intersections and create U-Turn slots meters away from the former intersection to create continuous traffic, mitigating bottlenecks caused by traffic light signals. This produced mixed results as there were improvements and deterioration in certain areas. During Tolentino's and Carlos' term, some intersections reverted to signalized open intersections only to reimplement U-Turn slots later on.

Public Urinals

A short-lived curiosity all around Metro Manila is the pink urinals made popular by Bayani Fernando, which he implemented prominently in Marikina City in an effort to curb public urination. They have since been removed, however, with remaining urinal units distributed instead to local government units.

Flood control and sewerage management

Pumping Stations

The MMDA operates several pumping stations in strategic areas of Metro Manila, with the aim of mitigating flooding risks, particularly during inclement weather. Old pumping stations that used diesel engines were upgraded in 2015 to use electric motors. Brand new pumping stations were also constructed in flood-prone areas as part of the agency's flood-mitigation program. In addition they also scheduled a regular maintenance of 54 pumping stations across the country with 12 stations being equipped with new pumps.[5]

Waterway dredging

Starting with Bayani Fernando's tenure, Estero Blitz (Waterway Blitz) became an annual waterway clearing operation with emphasis on river dredging activities, particularly at flood-prone areas, to reduce the risk and impact of flooding all over the metropolis. The clearing operation is usually conducted during the dry summer season.

Urban renewal, zoning, and land use planning, and shelter services

Gwapotel

Main article: Gwapotel

The Gwapotel Inn is a cheap hotel run by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority.[6] A second Gwapotel was announced in December, 2007.[7]

The Gwapotel along Roxas Boulevard is renamed the MMDA Workers Inn, and is in operation. The Abad Santos Gwapotel has since been converted into their training barracks.

Sidewalk Clearing Operations

The MMDA are empowered to conduct sidewalk clearing operations in a bid to ease traffic flow and enforcement of sidewalks for people.

The MMDA's sidewalk clearing operations became notorious during Bayani Fernando's tenure for intense clearing activities that became a subject of complaints. These were reduced during the term of Oscar Inocentes and the earlier part of Francis Tolentino's term, but eventually was continued, with the cooperation of the public in submitted reports from SMS, Facebook and Viber.

Health and Sanitation, urban protection and pollution control

Anti Smoking Campaign

The Court of Appeals says the MMDA is not among the government agencies deputized to implement RA 9211 or the Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003. The CA added that the MMDA has no police or legislative power to implement the law. It declared invalid MMDA Resolution No. 11-19, which the agency used as basis to implement its anti-smoking campaign.[8]

Public safety

A metro-wide earthquake drill was conducted on July 30, 2015 to prepare the public in the event of a magnitude 7.2 earthquake. Various government agencies, educational institutions and the private sector participated in the drill spearheaded by the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority (MMDA). Different scenarios were re-enacted to simulate a destructive earthquake that is expected to happen when the 100-kilometer West Valley Fault moves.[9]

Criticisms

In the past, such practices were justified by rhetoric that street children need to be 'rescued' from the street. Advocacy groups contend that in seeking to create a beautiful metropolis, the MMDA often treat Metro Manila's urban poor like 'rubbish' on the street.[10]

A report from PREDA that was funded by UNICEF, claims inhumane proceedings to caught vagrants.[11]

See also

References

  1. ↑ http://www.senate.gov.ph/press_release/2013/0728_recto1.asp
  2. ↑ "Carlos leaves MMDA; Orbos takes over". Philippine Daily Inquirer. August 23, 2016. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
  3. ↑ "Presidential Decree No. 824, s. 1975 - Creating Metropolitan Manila and the Metropolitan Manila Commission and for other Purposes". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 7 November 1975. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  4. ↑ "Executive Order No. 392, s. 1990 - Constituting the Metropolitan Manila Authority, Providing for its Powers and Functions and for other Purposes". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 9 January 1990. Retrieved 26 November 2016.
  5. ↑ "MMDA Gears Up For Upcoming Rainy Season". CarBay Philippines. Retrieved 2016-06-07.
  6. ↑ Inquirer.net, MMDA’s ‘Gwapotel’ a big hit with transients
  7. ↑ manilabulletin.com, Abandoned Tondo hospital to be turned into second ‘Gwapotel’
  8. ↑ "MMDA has 'no power' to enforce anti-smoking campaign". Rappler.
  9. ↑ "IN PHOTOS: 2015 Metro Manila Shake Drill". Inquirer.net.
  10. ↑ http://www.bahaytuluyan.org/news/indiscriminate_rescue_of_street_children_in_the_city_of_manila_28_january_2008.pdf Sagip or Huli? The indiscriminant 'rescue' of Manila's street children
  11. ↑ http://www.preda.org/main/archives/2009/r09111701.html
  12. ↑ "Philippines Government Adopts Manila Transport Plan Based on JICA Study:Plan aims to cut traffic congestion, air pollution and excessive burden on the poor" (Press release). Japan International Cooperation Agency. September 25, 2014. Retrieved October 7, 2014.
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