Mercedes-Benz W189

Mercedes-Benz 300
Mercedes-Benz 300 (W189)
Overview
Manufacturer	Mercedes-Benz
Production	W189 Saloon: 3,077 W189 Cabriolet D: 65 [1]
Body and chassis
Class	Full-size luxury car
Body style	4-door saloon 4-door phaeton 4-door cabriolet 4-door limousine
Layout	FR layout
Platform	Mercedes-Benz W189
Related	Mercedes-Benz 300 Sc, Mercedes-Benz 300SL
Powertrain
Engine	M189 2996 cc SOHC I-6
Transmission	4-speed manual 3-speed automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	W189: 3,150 mm (124 in)
Length	W189: 5,190 mm (204 in)
Width	W189: 1,860 mm (73 in)
Height	W189: 1,620 mm (64 in)
Curb weight	W189: 1,950 kg (4,300 lb)
Chronology
Predecessor	Mercedes-Benz W186
Successor	Mercedes-Benz W112 (direct) Mercedes-Benz W100 (ideological)

The Mercedes-Benz W189 model 300 was a four-door luxury tourer produced by Mercedes-Benz between 1957 and 1962. The company's largest and most prestigious automobile, it was the Maybach of its day, elegant, powerful, exclusive, and expensive.

Marketed as the Type 300d,^[2] it was equal in features and price but superior in performance to the rival Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud.^[3] Favored by statesmen and business leaders, it offered options such as a glass partition, VHF mobile telephone, and dictation machine.

All but hand-built as the company flagship, the 300d is often identified as an Adenauer after Konrad Adenauer, the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, who employed six custom cabriolet, hardtop saloon, and landaulet versions of the W189 and its precursor W186 series during his 1949-1963 tenure. Among the custom features in these "parade cars" were writing desks, sirens, curtains, dividing partitions, sunroofs, and half-roof "landaulet" configurations.

Technologically advanced,^[4] the"Type 300" was regarded as a "driver's" car, sharing numerous design innovations and mechanical components with the iconic Mercedes-Benz 300 SL "Gullwing", including engine, suspension, and chassis.

300d

Mercedes-Benz 300d interior

The limousine-length Mercedes-Benz 300d was introduced in 1957

1959 300d rear

Based on the 300c (W186), the enlarged 300d (W189) was introduced in August 1957. The new chassis code reflected sweeping changes that included revised bodywork, fuel injection, and unique hardtop configuration transforming it into a pillarless phaeton.

Available as both a saloon and cabriolet, it retained the W186's proven X-frame chassis and was fitted with an improved version of its 3.0 L (2996 cc/182 in³) overhead cam, aluminum head M186 straight-6, the M189. Bosch mechanical direct injection and an innovative diagonal head-to-block joint that allowed for oversized intake and exhaust valves produced 180 PS (130 kW; 180 hp) at 5500 rpm.^[5]

Designed to give reliable service under prolonged hard use, the engine featured deep water jackets, thermostatically controlled oil cooling, copper-lead bearings and a hardened crankshaft. A 3-speed Borg-Warner automatic transmission was standard. With no natural cruising speed, the car could sustain anything up to its maximum speed all day, road conditions permitting.^[6]

A 1952 W186 (left) and 1962 W189 (right)

The combination of a rigid X-shaped ovoid steel tube frame and four-wheel independent suspension provided surprisingly nimble handling. Double wishbones, coil springs, and a stabilizer bar were used up front and Mercedes' typical double coil spring swing axle in rear. An innovative dashboard-operated rear load-leveling suspension engaged a torsion bar to increase stiffness by one-third when needed, and a pedal-operated central lubrication system kept friction points silent.^[3] Brakes were vacuum-assisted hydraulic drum all around, steering recirculating ball. Power steering and Artic-Kar air-conditioning were added as options.^[5]

An additional 4 inches of wheelbase provided greater rear legroom, equaling that of the long wheelbase model Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud also introduced that year.^[7] Removable rear quarter lights allowed an unobstructed view in and out from the front vent window on back, much valued in the model's popular role as a "parade car".

Sharing the pioneering 300SL sports car's Bosch mechanical direct injection with 300Sc, the 300d's M189 engine produced 180 PS (130 kW; 180 hp) at 5500 rpm.^[5] Automatic transmission was standard. A total of 3,077 300d models (priced at DM 27,000) was produced through March 1962, along with 65 special-order 300d-based Cabriolet Ds (DM 35,500). After some overlap with the smaller, more contemporary styled W112 chassied 300SE that shared its engine, the 300d limousine was ultimately replaced as company flagship in 1963 by the 600 pullman "Grand Mercedes".

References and sources

• "300 S (W188)". Phil Seed's Virtual Car Museum. Retrieved December 1, 2005. 
• "300 (W186, W189)". Phil Seed's Virtual Car Museum. Retrieved December 1, 2005. 
• "Mercedes-Benz Type 300 Adenauer". MBZPonton.Org. Retrieved December 1, 2005.