Masaru Emoto

Masaru Emoto
江本勝
Born (1943-07-22)July 22, 1943
Yokohama, Japan
Died October 17, 2014(2014-10-17) (aged 71)
Japan
Education Yokohama Municipal University

Masaru Emoto (江本 勝 Emoto Masaru, July 22, 1943 – October 17, 2014)[1][2] was a Japanese author, researcher, photographer and entrepreneur, who claimed that human consciousness has an effect on the molecular structure of water. Emoto's conjecture evolved over the years, and his early work explored his belief that water could react to positive thoughts and words, and that polluted water could be cleaned through prayer and positive visualization.[3]

Since 1999, Emoto published several volumes of a work entitled Messages from Water, which contain photographs of ice crystals and their accompanying experiments. Emoto's ideas appeared in the movie What the Bleep Do We Know!?.[4][5][6]

Biography

Emoto was born in Yokohama, Japan, and graduated from Yokohama Municipal University after taking courses in International Relations. In the mid-1990s, he began studying water in more detail.[7]

Emoto was President Emeritus of the International Water For Life Foundation, a non-profit organization based in Oklahoma City in the United States.[8] In 1992, Emoto became a Doctor of Alternative Medicine at the Open International University for Alternative Medicine in India,[3][9][10][11] a correspondence school.[12][13]

Ideas

Emoto believed that water was a "blueprint for our reality" and that emotional "energies" and "vibrations" could change the physical structure of water.[14] Emoto's water crystal experiments consisted of exposing water in glasses to different words, pictures or music, and then freezing and examining the aesthetic properties of the resulting crystals with microscopic photography.[8][15] Emoto made the claim that water exposed to positive speech and thoughts would result in visually pleasing crystals being formed when that water was frozen, and that negative intention would yield "ugly" frozen crystal formations.[8]

Emoto claimed that different water sources would produce different crystalline structures when frozen. For example, he claimed that a water sample from a mountain stream when frozen would show structures of beautifully-shaped geometric design, but those structures would be distorted and randomly formed if the sample were taken from a polluted water source. Emoto believed that these changes could be eliminated by exposing water to ultraviolet light or certain electromagnetic waves.[14]

In 2008, Emoto published his findings in the Journal of Scientific Exploration, a peer reviewed scientific journal of the Society for Scientific Exploration.[16] The work was conducted and authored by Masaru Emoto and Takashige Kizu of Emoto’s own IHM General Institute, along with Dean Radin and Nancy Lund of the Institute of Noetic Sciences, which is on Stephen Barrett's Quackwatch list of questionable organizations.[17] In the experiment, more than 1,900 of Emoto's followers focused feelings of gratitude towards water stored in bottles, which was then frozen and its crystalline formations inspected.[10] The gratitude-focused crystals were rated slightly more "beautiful" than one set of control crystals, and slightly less "beautiful" than the other controls. An objective comparison of the samples did not reveal any significant differences.[10]

Scientific criticism

Commentators have criticized Emoto for insufficient experimental controls and for not sharing enough details of his approach with the scientific community.[8][18][19] William A. Tiller, another researcher featured in the documentary What The Bleep Do We Know?, states that Emoto's experiments fall short of proof, since they do not control for other factors in the supercooling of water.[20] In addition, Emoto has been criticized for designing his experiments in ways that leave them prone to manipulation or human error influencing the findings.[8][10][21] Biochemist and Director of Microscopy at University College Cork William Reville wrote, "It is very unlikely that there is any reality behind Emoto's claims."[8] Reville noted the lack of scientific publication and pointed out that anyone who could demonstrate such a phenomenon would become immediately famous and probably wealthy.[8]

Writing about Emoto's ideas in the Skeptical Inquirer, physician Harriet A. Hall concluded that it was "hard to see how anyone could mistake it for science".[22] Commenting on Emoto's ideas about clearing water polluted by algae, biologist Tyler Volk stated, "What he is saying has nothing to do with science as I know it."[3] Stephen Kiesling wrote in Spirituality & Health Magazine, "Perhaps Emoto is an evangelist who values the message of his images more than the particulars of science; nevertheless, this spiritual teacher might focus his future practice less on gratitude and more on honesty."[10]

Emoto was personally invited to take the One Million Dollar Paranormal Challenge by James Randi in 2003, and would have received US$1,000,000 if he had been able to reproduce the experiment under test conditions agreed to by both parties. He did not participate.[23][24]

Literary reception

Emoto's book The Hidden Messages in Water was a New York Times best seller.[25][26] Commenting on the book making the list, literary critic Dwight Garner wrote in The New York Times Book Review that it was one of those "head-scratchers" that made him question the sanity of the reading public, describing the book as "spectacularly eccentric."[26] Publishers Weekly described Emoto's later work The Shape of Love as "mostly incoherent and unsatisfying".[27]

Publications

Books

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Dr. Masaru Emoto, 1943–2014". Beyond Words. 17 October 2014. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  2. ↑ "Masaru Emoto" (in German). Koha Verlag. Retrieved 20 October 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 Neimark, Jill (September–October 2005). "Messages from water?". Spirituality & Health.
  4. ↑ "The minds boggle". The Guardian. May 15, 2005.
  5. ↑ Olmsted, John (October 1, 2004). "Ramtha's school of quantum flapdoodle". eSkeptic (movie review). Skeptics Society. ISSN 1556-5696. Retrieved 2014-08-21.
  6. ↑ Poppy, Carrie (March 11, 2014). "A grain of truth: Recreating Dr. Emoto's rice experiment". Poppycock (blog). Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. Retrieved 2014-08-21.
  7. ↑ "Authors: Dr. Masaru Emoto". Beyond Words Publishing. Retrieved 2013-07-01.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Reville, William (February 17, 2011). "The pseudoscience of creating beautiful (or ugly) water". The Irish Times. Dublin. p. 14. Retrieved 2014-08-21 – via ProQuest. (subscription required (help)).
  9. ↑ Setchfield, Kristopher. "Are Dr. Masaru Emoto's Fantastic Claims Actually Real?". is-masaru-emoto-for-real.com.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Kiesling, Stephen (May–June 2009). "Latest message from water: Is Dr. Emoto a spiritual Madoff?". Spirituality & Health. Archived from the original on 2014-08-26. Retrieved 2014-08-21.
  11. ↑ Gordon, Sari (September–October 2004). "He talks to water ...and the water talks back. Meet Dr. Emoto". Utne Reader (125). p. 73. Retrieved 2014-08-21 – via ProQuest. (subscription required (help)).
  12. ↑ Open International University for Alternative Medicines Correspondence
  13. ↑ Asian Degree Mills
  14. 1 2 Gray, Donna (July 26, 2003). "Message in the water". Calgary Herald. p. S8. Retrieved 2014-08-21 – via ProQuest. (subscription required (help)).
  15. ↑ "How to Take a Water Crystal Photograph". masaru-emoto.net. Archived from the original on 2011-10-18. Retrieved 2011-10-10.
  16. ↑ "Volume 22, Number 4 (2008) | Society for Scientific Exploration". www.scientificexploration.org. Retrieved 2016-02-09.
  17. ↑ Barrett, Stephen. "Questionable Organizations: An Overview". Quackwatch. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
  18. ↑ Ho, Mae-Wan, "4: Crystal Clear – Messages from Water", Water, Water, Everywhere, Institute of Science in Society.
  19. ↑ Koh, Lay Chin (January 28, 2009). "A 'hado' will never replace a home full of life". New Straits Times. Kuala Lumpur, MY. p. 17. Retrieved 2014-08-21 – via ProQuest. (subscription required (help)).
  20. ↑ Tiller, William (2004). "What the Bleep do we Know!?: A Personal Narrative" (PDF). Vision In Action. 2 (3-4).
  21. ↑ Matthews, Robert (April 8, 2006). "Water: The quantum elixir". New Scientist (2546). (subscription required (help)).
  22. ↑ Hall, Harriet. (2007). Masaru Emoto's Wonderful World of Water. Skeptical Inquirer 31: 49-51.
  23. ↑ Mason, Phil (2010). Quantum Glory: The Science of Heaven Invading Earth. Maricopa, AZ: XP Publishing. p. 150. ISBN 9781936101597.
  24. ↑ Randi, James (May 23, 2003). "Chiropractic Crackup, Talking to Water, Sylvia Emerges!, Bidlack's Lumps, An MS Miracle, and a Korean Magic Stone...". Swift (online newsletter). James Randi Educational Foundation. Archived from the original on 2003-06-02.
  25. ↑ Previch, Chad (January 21, 2006). "Want rain? It's all in the brain, expert says". The Oklahoman. Knight Ridder. Retrieved 2014-08-21 – via ProQuest. (subscription required (help)).
  26. 1 2 Garner, Dwight (March 13, 2005). "TBR: Inside the list". The New York Times Book Review. p. 30. Retrieved 2014-08-21 – via ProQuest. (subscription required (help)).
  27. ↑ "The Shape of Love: Discovering Who We Are, Where We Came From, and Where We're Going". Publishers Weekly (book review). 254 (7). February 12, 2007. p. 79.

Further reading

External links

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