Malheur County, Oregon

Malheur County, Oregon
Malheur County Courthouse in Vale
Location in the U.S. state of Oregon
Oregon's location in the U.S.
Founded	February 17, 1887
Named for	Malheur River
Seat	Vale
Largest city	Ontario
Area
• Total	9,930 sq mi (25,719 km2)
• Land	9,888 sq mi (25,610 km2)
• Water	42 sq mi (109 km2), 0.4%
Population (est.)
• (2015)	30,380
Congressional district	2nd
Time zones	Mountain: UTC-7/-6 North of 42.45° N latitude[1]
	Pacific: UTC-8/-7 South of 42.45° N latitude[1]
Website	www.malheurco.org

Malheur County /mælˈhɪər/ is a county located in the southeast corner of the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 31,313.^[2] Its county seat is Vale,^[3] and its largest city is Ontario. The county was named after the Malheur River, which runs through the county. "Malheur" is French for misfortune or tragedy.^[4]

Malheur County is included in the Ontario, OR-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Boise City-Mountain Home-Ontario, ID-OR Combined Statistical Area. It is included in the eight-county definition of Eastern Oregon.

History

Malheur County was created February 17, 1887, from the southern portion of Baker County. It was first settled by miners and stockmen in the early 1860s. The discovery of gold in 1863 attracted further development, including settlements and ranches. Basques settled in the region in the 1890s and were mainly engaged in sheep raising.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 9,930 square miles (25,700 km²), of which 9,888 square miles (25,610 km²) is land and 42 square miles (110 km²) (0.4%) is water.^[5] It is the second-largest county in Oregon by area. It is the only county in Oregon that's in the Mountain Time Zone.

Adjacent counties

National protected areas

• Deer Flat National Wildlife Refuge (part)
• Malheur National Forest (part)
• Whitman National Forest (part)

Highways

• Interstate 84
• US 20
• US 26
• US 30
• US 95
• OR 78
• OR 201

Pillars of Rome, near Rome

Time zones

Most of Malheur County (shown in red) is in the Mountain Time Zone; a small portion in the southern part of the county is in the Pacific Time Zone along with the rest of the state of Oregon and neighboring Nevada.

Because of its economic relationship with Idaho, most of the county is in the Mountain time zone, making it the only county in Oregon that does not completely follow Pacific Time. The largely unpopulated southern quarter of the county, near McDermitt, observes Pacific Time. The legal dividing line between the two begins at the southwest corner of township 35 S, range 37 E and continues east to the Oregon–Idaho border, at a latitude of approximately 42.45° N. Malheur is one of the few counties in the U.S. that legally observes two different time zones.^[1]

Demographics

2000 census

As of the census^[11] of 2000, there were 31,615 people, 10,221 households, and 7,348 families residing in the county. The population density was 3 people per square mile (1.2/km²). There were 11,233 housing units at an average density of 1 per square mile (0.4/km²). The racial makeup of the county was:

• 75.78% White
• 1.22% Black or African American
• 1.02% Native American
• 1.96% Asian
• 0.08% Pacific Islander
• 17.38% from other races
• 2.56% from two or more races

25.62% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 14.2% were of German, 10.5% English, 8.4% American and 6.9% Irish ancestry. 79.4% spoke English and 19.4% Spanish as their first language.

There were 10,221 households out of which 36.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.30% were married couples living together, 10.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.10% were non-families. 23.70% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.28.

In the county, the population was spread out with 27.60% under the age of 18, 10.60% from 18 to 24, 27.20% from 25 to 44, 21.00% from 45 to 64, and 13.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 116.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 121.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,241, and the median income for a family was $35,672. Males had a median income of $25,489 versus $21,764 for females. The per capita income for the county was $13,895. About 14.60% of families and 18.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.80% of those under age 18 and 11.60% of those age 65 or over.

Malheur County is the poorest county in Oregon.^[12] As of 2008, 21% of its residents live in poverty.^[13]

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 31,313 people, 10,411 households, and 7,149 families residing in the county.^[14] The population density was 3.2 inhabitants per square mile (1.2/km²). There were 11,692 housing units at an average density of 1.2 per square mile (0.46/km²).^[15] The racial makeup of the county was 77.5% white, 1.7% Asian, 1.2% American Indian, 1.2% black or African American, 0.1% Pacific islander, 15.5% from other races, and 2.9% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 31.5% of the population.^[14] In terms of ancestry, 16.2% were German, 11.9% were English, 10.3% were Irish, and 9.9% were American.^[16]

Of the 10,411 households, 34.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 31.3% were non-families, and 26.0% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.24. The median age was 36.2 years.^[14]

The median income for a household in the county was $39,144 and the median income for a family was $46,136. Males had a median income of $33,234 versus $27,883 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,335. About 15.2% of families and 22.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.1% of those under age 18 and 10.5% of those age 65 or over.^[17]

Politics

Like all counties in eastern Oregon, the majority of registered voters who are part of a political party in Malheur County are members of the Republican Party. In the 2008 presidential election, 69.10% of Malheur County voters voted for Republican John McCain, while 28.47% voted for Democrat Barack Obama and 2.42% of voters voted for a third-party candidate. These statistics do not include write-in votes.^[18] These numbers show a small shift towards the Democratic candidate when compared to the 2004 presidential election, in which 74.9% of Malheur Country voters voted for George W. Bush, while 23.8% voted for John Kerry, and 1.3% of voters either voted for a third-party candidate or wrote in a candidate.^[19]

^[20]

Malheur County is one of the most Republican counties in Oregon when it comes to Presidential elections. It was one of only two counties in Oregon to give the majority of its vote to Barry Goldwater and has favored the Republican candidate for decades.^[21] The last Democratic candidate to carry the county was Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1940.^[22] Further every Republican candidate since 1996 has received more than 60% of the county's vote.^[23]

As part of Oregon's 2nd congressional district it has been represented by Republican Greg Walden since 1999.

Economy

The county is 94% rangeland, with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) controlling 72% of the land. Irrigated fields in the county's northeast corner, known as Western Treasure Valley, are the center of intensive and diversified farming. Malheur County's economy also depends on tourism.

The county's two largest employers are the Heinz Frozen Food Company of Ontario, a potato processor branded as Ore-Ida, and the Snake River Correctional Institution, five miles northwest of Ontario.^[13]

Communities

A sugar beet plant of the Amalgamated Sugar Company in Nyssa.

Cities

• Adrian
• Jordan Valley
• Nyssa
• Ontario
• Vale (county seat)

Census-designated places

• Brogan
• Harper
• Juntura

Unincorporated communities

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Malheur County, Oregon

References

External links

• Malheur County (official website)
• Information about Malheur County from Oregon State University Malheur Experiment Station

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Malheur County, Oregon.

Municipalities and communities of Malheur County, Oregon, United States
County seat: Vale
Cities	Adrian Jordan Valley Nyssa Ontario Vale
CDPs	Annex Brogan Harper Juntura
Other unincorporated communities	Arock Basque Beulah Burns Junction Cairo Crowley Danner Ironside Jamieson McDermitt Owyhee Payette Junction Riverside Rome Westfall Willowcreek
Ghost town	Jonesboro

State of Oregon
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Metro areas	Albany–Corvallis Bend–Redmond Eugene–Springfield Medford–Ashland Portland Salem–Keizer
Largest cities	Portland Salem Eugene Gresham Hillsboro Beaverton Bend Medford Springfield Corvallis Albany Tigard Lake Oswego Keizer Grants Pass Oregon City McMinnville Redmond Tualatin West Linn Woodburn Forest Grove Newberg Wilsonville Roseburg Klamath Falls Ashland Milwaukie Sherwood Happy Valley Central Point Canby Hermiston Pendleton
Counties	Baker Benton Clackamas Clatsop Columbia Coos Crook Curry Deschutes Douglas Gilliam Grant Harney Hood River Jackson Jefferson Josephine Klamath Lake Lane Lincoln Linn Malheur Marion Morrow Multnomah Polk Sherman Tillamook Umatilla Union Wallowa Wasco Washington Wheeler Yamhill

Coordinates: 43°13′N 117°38′W / 43.21°N 117.63°W / 43.21; -117.63