Lygodium japonicum
| Lygodium japonicum | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Pteridophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida / Pteridopsida (disputed) |
| Order: | Schizaeales |
| Family: | Lygodiaceae |
| Genus: | Lygodium |
| Species: | L. japonicum |
| Binomial name | |
| Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw. | |
Lygodium japonicum is a species of fern that is known by the common name Japanese climbing fern. It is native to eastern Asia, including Japan, Korea, southeastern Asia, and India, and eastern Australia. The fern is present in the southeastern United States and Puerto Rico as an introduced species.[1]
This fern produces a creeping stem from which grow very long leaves, the longest exceeding 30 metres (98 feet). The leaves have rachises, which are vine-like and may climb other vegetation. What appear to be individual leaves sprouting from the twining rachis are actually leaflets, which are smaller segments from the main leaf. There are two types of leaflets, sterile and fertile. The sterile frond has lance-shaped segments. The fertile frond has more intricately divided, fringed segments. It is lined with sporangia on the edges.[1][2] The plant reproduces via spores and spreads vegetatively via underground rhizomes.[1]
An introduced species in North America, Japanese climbing fern was first recorded as being established in Georgia in 1903.[1] In the southeastern United States this plant is now considered an invasive weed of economic and ecological significance.[3] It grows in moist, swampy habitat, especially in disturbed areas. The presence of species such as the small-spike false nettle (Boehmeria cylindrica), royal fern (Osmunda spectabilis), resurrection fern (Pleopeltis polypodioides ssp. polypodioides), and toothed midsorus fern (Blechnum serrulatum) indicates the likely presence of this species.[1] During controlled burns of wooded areas this fern may act as a "fuel ladder", which would allow the flames to climb into the canopy and destroy trees. After burns the fern can quickly grow back, so it cannot be controlled by fire.[4]
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Munger, Gregory T. 2005. Lygodium spp. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Retrieved 11-07-2011.
- ↑ Lygodium japonicum. Flora of North America. Retrieved 11-07-2011.
- ↑ Minogue, P. J., et al. (2010). Japanese climbing fern (Lygodium japonicum) management in Florida's Apalachicola bottomland hardwood forests. Invasive Plant Science and Management 3(3):246-252. Retrieved 11-07-2011.
- ↑ Minogue, P. J., et al. Biology and control of Japanese Climbing Fern (Lygodium japonicum). University of Florida IFAS Extension. Retrieved 11-07-2011.
External links
Media related to Lygodium japonicum at Wikimedia Commons