Lothar Fendler

Lothar Fendler
Lothar Fendler at the Einsatzgruppen Trial
Born	(1913-08-13)13 August 1913 Breslau, German Empire
Died	Unknown (after 1951)
Allegiance	Nazi Germany
Service/branch	Schutzstaffel and Sicherheitsdienst
Years of service	1933–1945
Rank	Sturmbannführer
Unit	Sonderkommando 4b (Einsatzgruppe C)

Lothar Fendler (born 13 August 1913 in Breslau; date of death unknown, after 1951) was an SS-Sturmbannführer, in Sonderkommando 4b of Einsatzgruppe C and was involved in the murder of the Jews in occupied Ukraine. At the Einsatzgruppen Trial in 1948 Fendler was sentenced to ten years in prison but was released in 1951.

Life

Between 1932 and 1934 Fendler studied dentistry. On 15 April 1933 he joined the SS, service number 272,603.

From 1934 to 1936 he served in the Wehrmacht. After leaving the Wehrmacht Fendler joined the Sicherheitsdienst (SD) in 1936. On 1 May 1937 he joined the NSDAP (number 5,216,392).

In May 1941, Fendler was transferred to Sonderkommando 4b of Einsatzgruppe C to prepare for the Einsatzgruppe actions during Operation Barbarossa, where he was responsible for divisional intelligence. His role according to his testimony at Nuremberg was to write reports on the morale of the local population. On 2 October 1941 he was replaced and returned to Berlin.

He was posted back to the Sonderkommando in March 1942 and returned again to Germany in July of the same year. He spent the rest of the war working for SD foreign intelligence. He was subsequently arrested by the Americans and put on trial at Nuremberg.

From 1947 to 1948, Fendler was one of 24 defendants in the Einsatzgruppen Trial; his defence lawyer was Hans Fritz with the assistance of Dr. Gabriele Lehmann. The presiding judge was Michael A. Musmanno.

On 9 April 1948 Fendler was found guilty on the three charges with which he was charged: (1) Crimes against humanity, (2) war crimes, and (3) participation in a criminal organization.

The case against him was based on the question of whether Fendler reported as deputy leader to Günther Herrmann; this was not conclusively answered. Fendler was certainly Herrmann's second-highest-ranking officer in Sonderkommando 4a and there were only seven officers in the unit.

On 10 April 1948 Fendler was sentenced to ten years in prison.

He served his sentence in Landsberg prison.

Reduction of sentence and release

As part of the intensified discussion of West German rearmament after the outbreak of the Korean War in the summer of 1950, on 31 January 1951 High Commissioner for Germany John McCloy assessed the 15 death sentences handed down at Nuremberg on the recommendation of the "Advisory Board on Clemency for War Criminals". Four inmates had their sentences commuted to life imprisonment and six given prison sentences of between ten and twenty-five years, but confirmed that five of the death sentences should be still enforced. The judgment against Fendler was reduced to eight years. In December 1951 he was released from prison.

References

• Ernst Klee. The people lexicon to the Third Reich. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main, 2007. ISBN 978-3-596-16048-8. (Updated 2nd edition)
• Records of the United States Nuremberg War Crimes Trials, Vol. 4, U.S. Government Printing Office, District of Columbia 1950, pp. 570–573.
• Records of the United States Nuremberg War Crimes Trials, Vol. 4, U.S. Government Printing Office, District of Columbia, 1950, p. 11
• Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals Under Control Council Law No. 10, Vol. 4: United States of America vs. Otto Ohlendorf, et al. (Case 9: "Einsatzgruppen case"). U.S. Government Printing Office, District of Columbia, 1950. In: "National Archives Microfilm Publications," NM Series 1874-1946, Microfilm Publication M936. National Archives and Record Service, Washington, 1973. (Excerpts from the verdict of Lothar Fendler: p. 570-573)

Einsatzgruppen and Einsatzkommandos
People	Director Reinhard Heydrich Ernst Kaltenbrunner Commanders of Einsatzgruppen Humbert Achamer-Pifrader Walther Bierkamp Horst Böhme Erich Ehrlinger Wilhelm Fuchs Heinz Jost Erich Naumann Arthur Nebe Otto Ohlendorf Friedrich Panzinger Otto Rasch Heinrich Seetzen Franz Walter Stahlecker Bruno Streckenbach Commanders of Einsatzkommandos, Sonderkommandos Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski Rudolf Batz Ernst Biberstein Wolfgang Birkner Helmut Bischoff Paul Blobel Walter Blume Friedrich-Wilhelm Bock Otto Bradfisch Werner Braune Friedrich Buchardt Fritz Dietrich Karl Jäger Friedrich Jeckeln Waldemar Klingelhöfer Wolfgang Kügler Walter Kutschmann Rudolf Lange Gustav Adolf Nosske Hans-Adolf Prützmann Walter Rauff Martin Sandberger Hermann Schaper Karl Eberhard Schöngarth Erwin Schulz Franz Six Eugen Steimle Eduard Strauch Martin Weiss Udo von Woyrsch Other members August Becker Lothar Fendler Joachim Hamann Emil Haussmann Felix Landau Albert Widmann Collaborators Viktors Arājs Herberts Cukurs Antanas Impulevičius Konrāds Kalējs Algirdas Klimaitis
Groups	German SS RSHA SD Orpo 8th SS Cavalry Division Florian Geyer Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz Sonderdienst Non-German Schutzmannschaft (Belarusian, Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Ukrainian, Polish) Arajs Kommando Lithuanian Security Police Rollkommando Hamann TDA Ypatingasis būrys
Crimes	Belarus Łachwa Ghetto Minsk Ghetto Slutsk Affair Estonia Kalevi-Liiva Latvia Burning of the Riga synagogues Dünamünde Action Jelgava Pogulianski Rumbula Liepāja (Šķēde) Lithuania Ninth Fort Kaunas June 1941 Kaunas 29 October 1941 Ninth Fort November 1941 Ponary Poland Operation Tannenberg Intelligenzaktion AB-Aktion Operation Reinhard Russia Gully of Petrushino Zmievskaya Balka Lokot Autonomy Ukraine Babi Yar Drobytsky Yar Drohobycz Kamianets-Podilskyi Lviv pogroms Mizocz Ghetto Odessa
Records	The Black Book Commissar Order Einsatzgruppen trial Generalplan Ost Jäger Report Korherr Report Special Prosecution Book-Poland (Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen)