List of vegetables

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This is a list of plants that have a culinary role as vegetables. "Vegetable" can be used in several senses, including culinary, botanical and legal. This list includes botanical fruits such as pumpkins, and does not include herbs, spices, cereals and most culinary fruits and culinary nuts. Edible fungi are not included in this list.

Legal vegetables are defined for regulatory, tax and other purposes. An example would include the tomato, which is a botanical berry, but a culinary vegetable according to United States law. (The United States also considers tomato sauce on pizza a vegetable for serving size purposes in school lunches in the US.[1])

Some culinary vegetables such as laver are not even members of the plant kingdom.

Leafy and salad vegetables

Garden Cress
Iceberg lettuce field in northern Santa Barbara County.
Spinach in flower
Miner's lettuce
Species name
Amaranth Amaranthus cruentus
Arugula Eruca sativa
Beet (greens) Beta vulgaris vulgaris
Bok choy (白菜) Brassica rapa (chinensis)
Borage greens Borago officinalis
Broccoli (leaves / stalks) Brassica oleracea
Brussels sprouts Brassica oleracea (gemmifera)
Cabbage Brassica oleracea (capitata)
Catsear Hypochaeris radicata
Celery Apium graveolens
Celtuce Lactuca sativa (asparagina)
Chaya Cnidoscolus aconitifolius aconitifolius
Chickweed Stellaria
Chicory Cichorium intybus
Chinese mallow Malva verticillata
Chrysanthemum (leaves) Chrysanthemum coronarium
Collard greens Brassica oleracea
Common purslane Portulaca oleracea
Corn salad Valerianella locusta
Cress Lepidium sativum
Dandelion Taraxacum officinale
Dill Anethum graveolens
Endive Cichorium endivia
Fat hen Chenopodium album
Fiddlehead Pteridium aquilinum
Athyrium esculentum
Fluted pumpkin Telfairia occidentalis
Garden rocket Eruca sativa
Golden samphire Inula crithmoides
Good King Henry Chenopodium bonus-henricus
Grape (leaves) Vitis
Greater plantain Plantago major
Kai-lan (芥蘭 Gai lan) Brassica rapa (alboglabra)
Kale Brassica oleracea (acephala)
Komatsuna Brassica rapa (pervidis / komatsuna)
Kuka Adansonia
Lagos bologi Talinum fruticosum
Lamb's lettuce Valerianella locusta
Lamb's quarters Chenopodium album
Land cress Barbarea verna
Lettuce Lactuca sativa
Lizard's tail Houttuynia cordata
Malabar spinach Basella alba
Melokhia Corchorus olitorius
Corchorus capsularis
Miner's lettuce (Winter purslane) Claytonia perfoliata
Mizuna greens Brassica rapa (nipposinica)
Mustard Sinapis alba
Napa cabbage (召菜 Siu choi) Brassica rapa (pekinensis)
New Zealand Spinach Tetragonia tetragonioides
Orache Atriplex hortensis
Pak choy (白菜 Bok choy) Brassica rapa (chinensis)
Paracress Acmella oleracea
Pea sprouts / leaves Pisum sativum
Poke Phytolacca americana
Radicchio Cichorium intybus
Rapini (broccoli rabe) Brassica rapa rapa
Samphire Crithmum maritimum
Sculpit / Stridolo Silene inflata
Sea beet Beta vulgaris maritima
Sea kale Crambe maritima
Sierra Leone bologi Crassocephalum
Soko Celosia argentea
Sorrel Rumex acetosa
Sour cabbage Brassica oleracea
Spinach Spinacia oleracea
Summer purslane Portulaca oleracea
Swiss chard Beta vulgaris cicla (flavescens)
Tatsoi Brassica rapa (rosularis)
Turnip greens Brassica rapa (rapifera)
Watercress Nasturtium officinale
Water spinach Ipomoea aquatica
Wheatgrass Triticum aestivum
Yarrow Achillea millefolium
Yao choy (油菜 Yu choy) Brassica napus

Fruits

Species name
Avocado Persea americana
Bell pepper Capsicum annuum
Bitter melon
Bitter gourd
Momordica charantia
Chayote Sechium edule
Cucumber Cucumis sativus
Ivy gourd Coccinia grandis
Eggplant / Aubergine / Brinjal Solanum melongena
Luffa Luffa cylindrica
Olive fruit Olea europaea
Pumpkin Cucurbita
Squash Cucurbita
Sweet pepper Capsicum annuum (grossum)
Tinda Praecitrullus fistulosus
Tomatillo Physalis philadelphica
Tomato Solanum lycopersicum
Vanilla Vanilla
West Indian gherkin Cucumis anguria
Winter melon Benincasa hispida
Zucchini / Courgette / Marrow Cucurbita pepo

Flowers and flower buds

Main article: Edible flowers
Globe artichokes being cooked
Species name
Artichoke Cynara cardunculus / scolymus
Broccoli Brassica oleracea
Broccolini flowers Brassica oleracea
Caper Capparis spinosa
Cauliflower Brassica oleracea
Daylily[2] Hemerocallis fulva
Courgette flowers Cucurbita
Squash blossoms Cucurbita

Podded vegetables

See also: Types of beans
"Common bean", "kidney bean", "haricot bean", "pinto bean", "navy bean", and "green bean" are all varieties of the species Phaseolus vulgaris.
Varieties of soybeans are used for many purposes.
Species name
American groundnut Apios americana
Azuki bean Vigna angularis
Black-eyed pea Vigna unguiculata unguiculata
Chickpea Cicer arietinum
Common bean Phaseolus vulgaris
Drumstick Moringa oleifera
Dolichos bean Lablab purpureus
Fava bean Vicia faba
Garbanzo Cicer arietinum
Green bean (French bean) Phaseolus vulgaris
Guar Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
Horse gram Macrotyloma uniflorum
Indian pea Lathyrus sativus
Lentil Lens culinaris
Lima bean Phaseolus lunatus
Moth bean Vigna acontifolia
Mung bean Vigna radiata
Okra Abelmoschus esculentus
Pea Pisum sativum
Peanut Arachis hypogaea
Pigeon pea Cajanus cajan
Ricebean Vigna umbellata
Runner bean Phaseolus coccineus
Snap pea (sugarsnap, mangetout) Pisum sativum (macrocarpon)
Snow pea (mangetout) Pisum sativum (saccharatum)
Soybean Glycine max
Tarwi (Tarhui / Chocho) Lupinus mutabilis
Tepary bean Phaseolus acutifolius
Urad bean Vigna mungo
Velvet bean Mucuna pruriens
Winged bean Psophocarpus tetragonolobus
Yardlong bean Vigna unguiculata (sesquipedalis)

Bulb and stem vegetables

Garlic bulbs and individual cloves, one peeled.
Species name
Asparagus Asparagus officinalis
Cardoon Cynara cardunculus
Celeriac Apium graveolens (rapaceum)
Celery Apium graveolens
Chives Allium schoenoprasum
Elephant garlic Allium ampeloprasum (ampeloprasum)
Florence fennel Foeniculum vulgare (dulce)
Garlic Allium sativum
Garlic chives Allium tuberosum
Kohlrabi Brassica oleracea (gongylodes)
Kurrat Allium ampeloprasum (kurrat)
Lemongrass Cymbopogon citratus
Leek Allium porrum
Lotus root Nelumbo nucifera
Nopal Opuntia ficus-indica
Onion Allium cepa
Pearl onion Allium ampeloprasum (sectivum)
Potato onion Allium cepa (aggregatum)
Prussian asparagus Ornithogalum pyrenaicum
Spring onion / Scallion Allium wakegi
Shallot Allium cepa (aggregatum)
Tree onion[3] Allium × proliferum
Welsh onion Allium fistulosum
Wild leek Allium tricoccum

Root and tuberous vegetables

Carrots come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors.
The potato is one of the world's staple foods.
Species name
Ahipa Pachyrhizus ahipa
Arracacha Arracacia xanthorrhiza
Bamboo shoot Bambusa vulgaris
Phyllostachys edulis
Beetroot Beta vulgaris vulgaris
Burdock Arctium lappa
Broadleaf arrowhead Sagittaria latifolia
Camas Camassia
Canna Canna
Carrot Daucus carota
Cassava Manihot esculenta
Chinese artichoke Stachys affinis
Daikon Raphanus sativus (longipinnatus)
Earthnut pea Lathyrus tuberosus
Elephant foot yam Amorphophallus paeoniifolius
Ensete Ensete ventricosum
Galangal Alpinia galanga
Ginger Zingiber officinale
Hamburg parsley Petroselinum crispum tuberosum
Horseradish Armoracia rusticana
Jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus
Jícama Pachyrhizus erosus
Mashua Tropaeolum tuberosum
Parsnip Pastinaca sativa
Pignut Conopodium majus
Potato Solanum tuberosum
Prairie turnip Psoralea esculenta
Radish Raphanus sativus
Rutabaga Brassica napus (napobrassica)
Salsify Tragopogon porrifolius
Scorzonera Scorzonera hispanica
Skirret Sium sisarum
Swede Brassica napus (napobrassica)
Sweet potato (Kumara) Ipomoea batatas
Taro Colocasia esculenta
Ti Cordyline fruticosa
Tigernut Cyperus esculentus
Turmeric Curcuma longa
Turnip Brassica rapa (rapifera)
Ulluco Ullucus tuberosus
Wasabi Wasabia japonica
Water caltrop Trapa natans
Trapa bicornis
Water chestnut Eleocharis dulcis
Yacón Smallanthus sonchifolius
Yam Dioscorea[4]

Sea vegetables

Species name
Aonori Monostroma
Enteromorpha
Arame Eisenia bicyclis
Carola Callophyllis variegata
Dabberlocks (Badderlocks) Alaria esculenta
Dulse (Dillisk) Palmaria palmata
Hijiki Hizikia fusiformis
Kombu Laminaria japonica
Laver / Gim Porphyra
Mozuku Cladosiphon okamuranus
Nori Porphyra
Ogonori Gracilaria
Sea grape Caulerpa
Sea lettuce Ulva lactuca
Wakame Undaria pinnatifida

See also

References

  1. "Tomato sauce on pizza is a vegetable, says Congress; GOP says healthier school lunches are too expensive". Daily News. New York. November 16, 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
  2. Used dried or fresh in Chinese cuisine; see Meredith, Leda. "How to Sustainably Harvest and Eat Delicious Daylilies". Mother Earth News. Mother Earth News. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  3. Also known as the Egyptian Walking Onion due to its ability spread easily to other parts of gardens.
  4. "Everyday Mysteries: Yam". Library of Congress, United States of America. 2011.

External links

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