List of sugars

Sugarcane and bowl of sugar

This is a list of sugars and sugar products. Sugar is the generalized name for sweet, short-chain, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food. They are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. There are various types of sugar derived from different sources.

Sugars and sugar products

Brown sugar

Milk caramel manufactured as square candies, either for eating or for melting down

A block of Indian jaggery

• Agave nectar – very high in fructose and sweeter than honey
• Barley malt syrup – around 65% maltose and 30% complex carbohydrate
• Barley sugar – similar to hard caramel
• Birch syrup – around 42-54% fructose, 45% glucose, plus a small amount of sucrose
• Brown sugar – Consists of a minimum 88% sucrose and invert sugar. Commercial brown sugar contains from 4.5% molasses (light brown sugar) to 6.5% molasses (dark brown sugar) based on total volume. Based on total weight, regular commercial brown sugar contains up to 10% molasses.
• Caramel – made of a variety of sugars
• Coconut sugar – 70-79% sucrose and 3-9% glucose and fructose
• Corn syrup – made from maize starch, made of varying quantities of maltose and higher oligosaccharides
• Date sugar
• Disaccharide – also known as double sugar, it is made when two monosaccharides (aka simple sugars) are joined together. Examples include sucrose, lactose, and maltose.
• Free sugar – a term that describes all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to food and naturally present sugars in honey, syrups, and fruit juices
• Fructose – a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose
• Galactose – a monosaccharide sugar not as sweet as glucose or fructose
• Glucose
• Golden syrup – refined sugar cane or sugar beet juice
• High fructose corn syrup – made from corn starch, roughly 50% glucose and 50% fructose^[1]
• High maltose corn syrup – mainly maltose, not as sweet as high fructose corn syrup
• Honey – consists of fructose and glucose
• Icing sugar – finely ground white sugar, roughly 50% glucose and 50% fructose
• Inverted sugar syrup – glucose and fructose
• Jaggery – made from date, cane juice, or palm sap, contains 50% sucrose, up to 20% invert sugars, and a maximum of 20% moisture
• Lactose – found in milk, this is a disaccharide sugar derived from galactose and glucose
• Maltose: a disaccharide formed from two units of glucose joined with an α(1→4) bond, formed from a condensation reaction
• Maple sugar – around 90% sucrose
• Maple syrup – around 90% sucrose
• Molasses (from sugar beets) – consists of 50% sugar by dry weight, mainly sucrose, but also contains substantial amounts of glucose and fructose
• Molasses (from sugar cane)
• Monosaccharide – refers to 'simple sugars', these are the most basic units of carbohydrates. Examples are glucose, fructose, and galactose.
• Palm sugar
• Sucrose – also known as white sugar or table sugar is a disaccharide combination of the two monosaccharides glucose and fructose
• Toffee – caramelized sugar or molasses
• Treacle – any uncrystallised syrup made during the refining of sugar
• Trehalose – a natural alpha-linked disaccharide formed by an α,α-1,1-glucoside bond between two α-glucose units.

References

External links

• Media related to Sugars at Wikimedia Commons

Sugar (as food commodity)
List of sugars and sugar products
Chemistry	Fructose Galactose Glucose Lactose Maltose Sucrose Trehalose Xylose Monosaccharide Disaccharide Free sugar Reducing sugar
Sources	Sugar beet Sugarcane Agave nectar Birch Coconut Date Honeydew Maple Palm
Products	Syrups Candi sugar Corn syrup Glucose syrup Golden syrup High fructose corn syrup High maltose corn syrup Honey Inverted sugar syrup Kuromitsu Maple syrup Molasses Pine honey Steen's cane syrup Treacle Solid forms Brown Chancaca Crystalline fructose Gelling Jaggery Misri Mizuame Molasses sugar Muscovado Nib Non-centrifugal cane sugar Panela Plantation Reserve Powdered Preserving Rock candy Sucanat Sugar candy Barley sugar Butterscotch Candy Hard Toffee Sugar glass Sugarloaf Wasanbon Other forms Caramel Cotton candy floss Maple sugar foods Rum Sugar alcohol Sugar confectionery Sugarcane juice Tuzemák Unrefined sweeteners
Industry	Production Boilery Plantation Casa grande Refinery Sugar bush Sugar cane mill Engenho Batey Zafra By region (current) Cuba Caribbean Philippines Sri Lanka U.S. Sugar Program By region (historical) Danish West Indies Fiji Hawaii
History	Amelioration Act 1798 Blackbirding Colonial molasses trade Demerara rebellion of 1823 Holing cane Molasses Act Reciprocity Treaty of 1875 Slavery in the British and French Caribbean Sugar Act Sugar Duties Act 1846 Sugar Intervention Taiwan Sugar Railways Triangular trade
Culture	Crop over Sugar house Sugaring Sugar nips Sugar packet Sucrology Sugar people Sugar tit Sugar sculpture Treacle mine
Related	Added sugar Australian Aboriginal sweet foods Bagasse Barley malt syrup Brown rice syrup Cane knife Flavored syrup Fruit syrup Date honey Grape Jallab Nectar Sugar addiction Sugars in wine Residual sugar Sugar substitute Sweetened beverage Sweetener Sweetness Vinasse Yacón syrup
Category Production