List of premiers of the Republic of China
Not to be confused with the List of premiers of the People's Republic of China.
This is a list of the Premiers of the Republic of China since 1912. The Republic of China before 1949 controlled mainland China as well as offshore islands. The Republic of China since 1949 has only controlled Taiwan and nearby islands. This current Republic of China is usually known as Taiwan.
Premiers also known as Presidents of Executive Yuan are appointed by Presidents in the Republic of China, but some premiers were even more powerful than the presidents, during the early age of the Republic of China. Some presidents were even expelled by the premiers they appointed. The title of premier in China had been changed several times, so this list is divided into several sections.
- Multiple terms in office, consecutive or otherwise, are listed and counted in the first column (term number) and the second column counts individuals.
List
Non-partisan Beiyang clique, etc. Progressive Kuomintang (Nationalist) Democratic Progressive
Premiers of Cabinet of the Republic of China
- Period: 13 March 1912 – 1 May 1914
According to the Provisional Constitution of Republic of China, which passed in 1912, the leader of the majority party or the majority coalition should be appointed premier by the president.
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Days | Political Party | President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  |
Tang Shaoyi 唐紹儀 Táng Shàoyí (1862–1938) |
13 March 1912 | 27 June 1912 | 106 | Beiyang clique | Sun Yat-sen, Yuan Shikai |
| 2 |  |
Lou Tseng-tsiang (Pierre-Célestin Lou) 陸徵祥 Lù Zhēngxiáng (1871–1949) |
29 June 1912 | 22 September 1912 | 56 | Beiyang clique | Yuan Shikai |
| 3 |  |
Zhao Bingjun 趙秉鈞 Zhào Bǐngjūn (1859–1914) |
25 September 1912 | 1 May 1913 | 252 | Beiyang clique | Yuan Shikai |
| — |  |
Duan Qirui 段祺瑞 Duàn Qíruì (1865–1936) |
1 May 1913 | 31 July 1913 | 91 | Beiyang clique | Yuan Shikai |
| 4 |  |
Xiong Xiling 熊希龄 Xióng Xīlíng (1870–1937) |
31 July 1913 | 12 February 1914 | 196 | Beiyang clique | Yuan Shikai |
| — |  |
Sun Baoqi 孫寶琦 Sūn Bǎoqí (1867–1931) |
12 February 1914 | 1 May 1914 | 78 | Beiyang clique | Yuan Shikai |
Secretaries of State of the Empire of China
- Period: 22 December 1915 – 22 March 1916
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Days | Political Party | Emperor | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (2) | |
Lou Tseng-tsiang (Pierre-Célestin Lou) 陸徵祥 Lù Zhēngxiáng (1871–1949) |
22 December 1915 | 22 March 1916 | 91 | Non-partisan | Hongxian (Yuan Shikai) |
Secretaries of State of the Republic of China
- Period: 1 May 1914 – 22 December 1915; 22 March 1916 – 29 June 1916
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Days | Political Party | President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 |  |
Xu Shichang 徐世昌 Xú Shìchāng (1855–1939) |
1 May 1914 | 22 December 1915 | 600 | Beiyang clique | Yuan Shikai |
| 22 March 1916 | 23 April 1916 | 32 | |||||
| 6 | |
Duan Qirui 段祺瑞 Duàn Qíruì (1865–1936) |
23 April 1916 | 29 June 1916 | 67 | Beiyang clique | Yuan Shikai, Li Yuanhong |
Premiers of State Council of the Republic of China
- Period: 29 June 1916 – 1 July 1917
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Days | Political Party | President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (6) | |
Duan Qirui 段祺瑞 Duàn Qíruì (1865–1936) |
29 June 1916 | 23 May 1917 | 328 | Progressive | Li Yuanhong |
| — |  |
Wu Tingfang 伍廷芳 Wu Tíngfāng (1842–1922) |
23 May 1917 | 28 May 1917 | 5 | Progressive | Li Yuanhong |
| 7 |  |
Li Jingxi 李經羲 Li Jīngxī (1859–1925) |
28 May 1917 | 1 July 1917 | 34 | Progressive | Li Yuanhong |
Prime Minister of Restored Qing Imperial Government
- Period: 1 July 1917 – 12 July 1917
A coup d'état in order to restore the Qing monarchy occurred on 1 July 1917. The leader of the coup, Zhang Xun, was immediately rewarded the premiership by Emperor Puyi. But Chang was defeated by Duan Qirui on 12 July and the Republic of China restored.
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Days | Political Party | Emperor | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| — |  |
Zhang Xun 張勳 Zhāng Xūn (1854–1923) |
1 July 1917 | 12 July 1917 | 16 | Non-partisan | Xuantong (Puyi) |
Premiers of State Council of the Republic of China
- Period: 14 July 1917 – 24 November 1924
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Days | Political Party | President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (6) | |
Duan Qirui 段祺瑞 Duàn Qíruì (1865–1936) |
14 July 1917 | 22 November 1917 | 128 | Anhui clique | Feng Guozhang |
| — |  |
Wang Daxie 汪大燮 Wāng Dàxiè (1860–1929) |
22 November 1917 | 30 November 1917 | 8 | Zhili clique | Feng Guozhang |
| — |  |
Wang Shizhen 王士珍 Wáng Shìzhēn (1861–1930) |
30 November 1917 | 20 February 1918 | 82 | Anhui clique | Feng Guozhang |
| — |  |
Qian Nengxun 錢能訓 Qián Néngxun (1869–1924) |
20 February 1918 | 23 March 1918 | 31 | Anhui clique | Feng Guozhang |
| (6) | |
Duan Qirui 段祺瑞 Duàn Qíruì (1865–1936) |
23 March 1918 | 10 October 1918 | 201 | Anhui clique | Feng Guozhang |
| — | |
Qian Nengxun 錢能訓 Qián Néngxun (1869–1924) |
10 October 1918 | 13 June 1919 | 246 | Anhui clique | Xu Shichang |
| — |  |
Gong Xinzhan 龔心湛 Gōng Xīnzhàn (1871–1943) |
13 June 1919 | 24 September 1919 | 103 | Anhui Clique | Xu Shichang |
| 8 |  |
Jin Yunpeng 靳雲鵬 Jìn Yúnpéng (1877–1951) |
24 September 1919 | 14 May 1920 | 233 | Anhui Clique | Xu Shichang |
| 9 |  |
Sa Zhenbing 薩鎮冰 Sà Zhènbīng (1859–1952) |
14 May 1920 | 9 August 1920 | 87 | Anhui Clique | Xu Shichang |
| (8) | |
Jin Yunpeng 靳雲鵬 Jìn Yúnpéng (1877–1951) |
9 August 1920 | 18 December 1921 | 496 | Anhui Clique | Xu Shichang |
| — |  |
Yan Huiqing (W.W. Yan) 顏惠慶 Yán Huìqìng (1877–1950) |
18 December 1921 | 24 December 1921 | 6 | Zhili Clique | Xu Shichang |
| 10 |  |
Liang Shiyi 梁士詒 Liáng Shìyí (1869–1933) |
24 December 1921 | 25 January 1922 | 32 | Communications Clique | Xu Shichang |
| — | |
Yan Huiqing (W.W. Yan) 顏惠慶 Yán Huìqìng (1877–1950) |
25 January 1922 | 8 April 1922 | 73 | Zhili Clique | Xu Shichang |
| — |  |
Zhou Ziqi 周自齊 Zhōu Zìqí (1871–1923) |
8 April 1922 | 11 June 1922 | 64 | Anhui Clique | Xu Shichang, Zhou Ziqi (co-serving) |
| 11 | |
Yan Huiqing (W.W. Yan) 顏惠慶 Yán Huìqìng (1877–1950) |
11 June 1922 | 5 August 1922 | 55 | Zhili Clique | Li Yuanhong |
| — |  |
Wang Chonghui 王寵惠 Wáng Chǒnghuì (1881–1958) |
5 August 1922 | 29 November 1922 | 116 | Non-partisan | Li Yuanhong |
| — | |
Wang Daxie 汪大燮 Wāng Dàxiè (1860–1929) |
29 November 1922 | 11 December 1922 | 12 | Zhili clique | Li Yuanhong |
| — |  |
Wang Zhengting 王正廷 Wáng Zhèngtíng (1882–1961) |
11 December 1922 | 4 January 1923 | 24 | Non-partisan | Li Yuanhong |
| 12 |  |
Zhang Shaozeng 張紹曾 Zhāng Shàozéng (1879–1928) |
4 January 1923 | 9 September 1923 | 248 | Beiyang clique | Li Yuanhong, Gao Lingwei |
| 13 |  |
Gao Lingwei 高凌霨 Gāo Língwèi (1868–1939) |
9 September 1923 | 12 January 1924 | 125 | Non-partisan | Gao Lingwei, Cao Kun |
| 14 | |
Sun Baoqi 孫寶琦 Sūn Bǎoqí (1867–1931) |
12 January 1924 | 2 July 1924 | 172 | Beiyang clique | Cao Kun |
| — |  |
Koo Vi-kyuin (V.K. Wellington Koo) 顧維鈞 Gù Wéijūn (1887–1985) |
2 July 1924 | 14 September 1924 | 74 | Non-partisan | Cao Kun |
| (11) | |
Yan Huiqing (W.W. Yan) 顏惠慶 Yán Huìqìng (1877–1950) |
14 September 1924 | 31 October 1924 | 47 | Zhili Clique | Cao Kun |
| — |  |
Huang Fu 黃郛 Huáng Fú (1883–1936) |
31 October 1924 | 24 November 1924 | 24 | Non-partisan | Cao Kun, Huang Fu (co-serving) |
Note: The Premiership was abolished from 25 November 1924 to 26 December 1925. The head of the cabinet during this Period was Duan Qirui, Provisional Chief Executive of the Republic of China.
Premiers of State Council of the Republic of China
- Period: 24 November 1924 – 2 June 1928
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Days | Political Party | President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15 |  |
Xu Shiying 許世英 Xǔ Shìyīng (1873–1964) |
26 December 1925 | 4 March 1926 | 68 | Non-partisan | Duan Qirui |
| — |  |
Jia Deyao 賈德耀 Jiǎ Déyào (1880–1940) |
4 March 1926 | 20 April 1926 | 47 | Non-partisan | Duan Qirui |
| — |  |
Hu Weide 胡惟德 Hú Wéidé (1863–1933) |
20 April 1926 | 13 May 1926 | 23 | Non-partisan | Hu Weide (co-serving) |
| (11) | |
Yan Huiqing (W.W. Yan) 顏惠慶 Yán Huìqìng (1877–1950) |
13 May 1926 | 22 June 1926 | 40 | Non-partisan | W.W. Yan (co-serving) |
| — |  |
Du Xigui 杜錫珪 Dù Xīguī (1875–1933) |
22 June 1926 | 1 October 1926 | 101 | Non-partisan | Du Xigui (co-serving) |
| — | |
Koo Vi-kyuin (V.K. Wellington Koo) 顧維鈞 Gù Wéijūn (1887–1985) |
1 October 1926 | 18 June 1927 | 260 | Non-partisan | V.K. Wellington Koo (co-serving) |
| — |  |
Pan Fu 潘復 Pān Fù (1883–1936) |
18 June 1927 | 2 June 1928 | 350 | Non-partisan | Zhang Zuolin |
Presidents of Executive Yuan of the Republic of China
- Period: 25 October 1928 – 24 May 1948
When Chiang Kai-shek established the Nanking Nationalist Government in 1928, he created a presidency for Executive Yuan instead of a premiership, in order to show the difference between his government and the previous one in Beijing (then renamed Beiping). This government moved to Chongqing during the Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) and during the Chinese Civil War relocated to Taipei where it exists today.
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Days | Political Party | President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 |  |
Tan Yankai 譚延闓 Tán Yánkǎi (1880–1930) |
25 October 1928 | 22 September 1930 | 842 | Kuomintang | Tan Yankai (co-serving), Chiang Kai-shek |
| Died in office. | |||||||
| 17 |  |
Soong Tse-ven (T.V. Soong) 宋子文 Sòng Ziwén (1891–1971) |
25 September 1930 | 4 December 1930 | 73 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek |
| 18 |  |
Chiang Kai-shek 蒋中正 Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng (1887–1975) |
4 December 1930 | 15 December 1931 | 376 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek (co-serving) |
| 19 |  |
Chen Mingshu 陳銘樞 Chén Míngshū (1889–1965) |
15 December 1931 | 1 January 1932 | 17 | Kuomintang | Lin Sen |
| 20 |  |
Sun Fo 孫科 Sūn Kē (1891–1973) |
1 January 1932 | 28 January 1932 | 27 | Kuomintang | Lin Sen |
| 21 |  |
Wang Jingwei 汪兆銘 Wāng Jīngwèi (1883–1944) |
28 January 1932 | 1 December 1935 | 1403 | Kuomintang | Lin Sen |
| (18) |  |
Chiang Kai-shek 蔣中正 Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng (1887–1975) |
7 December 1935 | 1 January 1938 | 756 | Kuomintang | Lin Sen |
| 22 |  |
Kung Hsiang-hsi (H.H. Kung) 孔祥熙 Kǒng Xiángxī (1881–1967) |
1 January 1938 | 11 December 1939 | 106 | Kuomintang | Lin Sen |
| (18) | |
Chiang Kai-shek 蔣中正 Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng (1887–1975) |
11 December 1939 | 31 May 1945 | 2707 | Kuomintang | Lin Sen, Chiang Kai-shek (co-serving) |
| (17) | |
Soong Tse-ven (T.V. Soong) 宋子文 Sòng Ziwén (1891–1971) |
31 May 1945 | 1 March 1947 | 639 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek |
| (18) | |
Chiang Kai-shek 蔣中正 Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng (1887–1975) |
1 March 1947 | 18 April 1947 | 48 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek |
| 23 |  |
Chang Ch'ün 張群 Zhāng Qún (1889–1990) |
18 April 1947 | 24 May 1948 | 402 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek |
Presidents of Executive Yuan of the Republic of China
- Period: 24 May 1948 – present
| № | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of Office | Days | Political Party | President | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 |  |
Weng Wenhao 翁文灝 Wēng Wénhào (1889–1971) |
24 May 1948 | 26 November 1948 | 186 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek |
| (20) | |
Sun Fo 孫科 Sūn Kē (1891–1973) |
26 November 1948 | 12 March 1949 | 106 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek, Li Zongren |
| 25 |  |
He Yingqin 何應欽 Hé Yìngqīn (1890–1987) |
12 March 1949 | 3 June 1949 | 83 | Kuomintang | Li Zongren |
| 26 |  |
Yan Xishan 閻錫山 Yán Xíshān (1883–1960) |
3 June 1949 | 7 March 1950 | 277 | Kuomintang | Li Zongren, Chiang Kai-shek |
| 27 |  |
Chen Cheng 陳誠 Chén Chéng (1897–1965) |
7 March 1950 | 7 June 1954 | 1553 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek |
| First individual since relocation of government to Taiwan to have held the highest military (Chief of the General Staff) and civilian government (Premier) offices. | |||||||
| 28 |  |
Yu Hung-Chun 俞鴻鈞 Yú Hóngjūn (1897–1960) |
7 June 1954 | 30 June 1958 | 1484 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek |
| (27) | |
Chen Cheng 陳誠 Chén Chéng (1897–1965) |
30 June 1958 | 1 July 1963 | 1827 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek |
| — |  |
Wang Yun-wu 王雲五 Wáng Yúnwǔ (1888–1979) |
1 July 1963 | 16 September 1963 | 77 | Non-partisan | Chiang Kai-shek |
| As acting. | |||||||
| (27) | |
Chen Cheng 陳誠 Chén Chéng (1897–1965) |
16 September 1963 | 15 December 1963 | 90 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek |
| 29 |  |
Yen Chia-kan (C.K. Yen) 嚴家淦 Yán Jiāgàn (1905–1993) |
15 December 1963 | 29 May 1972 | 3088 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek |
| 30 |  |
Chiang Ching-kuo 蔣經國 Jiǎng Jīngguó (1910–1988) |
29 May 1972 | 19 May 1978 | 2181 | Kuomintang | Chiang Kai-shek, C.K. Yen |
| — |  |
Hsu Ching-chung 徐慶鐘 Xú Qìngzhōng (1907–1996) |
19 May 1978 | 1 June 1978 | 13 | Kuomintang | C.K. Yen, Chiang Ching-kuo |
| As acting. First native Taiwanese to act as premier. | |||||||
| 31 |  |
Sun Yun-suan 孫運璿 Sūn Yùnxuán (1913–2006) |
1 June 1978 | 20 May 1984 | 2180 | Kuomintang | Chiang Ching-kuo |
| 32 | |
Yu Kuo-hwa 俞國華 Yú Guóhuá (1914–2000) |
20 May 1984 | 21 May 1989 | 1827 | Kuomintang | Chiang Ching-kuo, Lee Teng-hui |
| 33 | |
Lee Huan 李煥 Lǐ Huàn (1917–2010) |
21 May 1989 | 1 June 1990 | 376 | Kuomintang | Lee Teng-hui |
| 34 | .jpg) |
Hau Pei-tsun 郝柏村 Hǎo Bócūn (1919–) |
1 June 1990 | 10 February 1993 | 985 | Kuomintang | Lee Teng-hui |
| Second individual since relocation of government to Taiwan to have held the highest military (Chief of the General Staff) and civilian government (Premier) offices. | |||||||
| 35 |  |
Lien Chan 連戰 Lián Zhàn (1936–) |
10 February 1993 | 1 September 1997 | 1664 | Kuomintang | Lee Teng-hui |
| 36 |  |
Siew Wan-chang (Vincent Siew) 蕭萬長 Xiāo Wàncháng (1939–) |
1 September 1997 | 20 May 2000 | 992 | Kuomintang | Lee Teng-hui |
| 37 | |
Tang Fei 唐飛 Táng Fēi (1933–) |
20 May 2000 | 6 October 2000 | 139 | Kuomintang | Chen Shui-bian |
| Period of cohabitation (President Chen Shui-bian- DPP) with grand coalition-style cabinet. Third individual since relocation of government to Taiwan to have held the highest military (Chief of the General Staff) and civilian government (Premier) offices. | |||||||
| 38 |  |
Chang Chun-hsiung 張俊雄 Zhāng Jùnxióng (1938–) |
6 October 2000 | 1 February 2002 | 483 | Democratic Progressive | Chen Shui-bian |
| First non-KMT premier. Start of minority government cabinets during Chen Shui-bian's term. | |||||||
| 39 |  |
Yu Shyi-kun 游錫堃 Yóu Xíkūn (1948–) |
1 February 2002 | 1 February 2005 | 1096 | Democratic Progressive | Chen Shui-bian |
| 40 |  |
Hsieh Chang-ting (Frank Hsieh) 謝長廷 Xiè Chángtíng (1946–) |
1 February 2005 | 25 January 2006 | 358 | Democratic Progressive | Chen Shui-bian |
| 41 |  |
Su Tseng-chang 蘇貞昌 Sū Zhēnchāng (1947–) |
25 January 2006 | 21 May 2007 | 481 | Democratic Progressive | Chen Shui-bian |
| (38) | |
Chang Chun-hsiung 張俊雄 Zhāng Jùnxióng (1938–) |
21 May 2007 | 20 May 2008 | 365 | Democratic Progressive | Chen Shui-bian |
| 42 |  |
Liu Chao-shiuan 劉兆玄 Liú Zhàoxuán (1943–) |
20 May 2008 | 10 September 2009 | 478 | Kuomintang | Ma Ying-jeou |
| 43 | .jpg) |
Wu Den-yih 吳敦義 Wú Dūnyì (1948–) |
10 September 2009 | 6 February 2012 | 879 | Kuomintang | Ma Ying-jeou |
| 44 |  |
Chen Chun (Sean Chen) 陳冲 Chén Chōng (1949–) |
6 February 2012 | 18 February 2013 | 378 | Kuomintang | Ma Ying-jeou |
| 45 | .jpg) |
Jiang Yi-huah 江宜樺 Jiāng Yīhuá (1960–) |
18 February 2013 | 8 December 2014 | 658 | Kuomintang | Ma Ying-jeou |
| Youngest premier to take office. | |||||||
| 46 |  |
Mao Chi-kuo 毛治國 Máo Zhìguó (1948–) |
8 December 2014 | 1 February 2016 | 420 | Kuomintang | Ma Ying-jeou |
| Submitted resignation on 18 January 2016; on leave until end of term. | |||||||
| 47 |  |
Chang San-cheng 張善政 Zhāng Shànzhèng (1954–) |
1 February 2016 | 20 May 2016 | 109 | Independent | Ma Ying-jeou |
| First non-partisan premier. Minority government (first administration with a DPP legislative majority). | |||||||
| 48 | .jpg) |
Lin Chuan 林全 Lín Quán (1951–) |
20 May 2016 | Incumbent | 199 | Independent | Tsai Ing-wen |
See also
- List of vice premiers of the Republic of China
- List of Presidents of the Republic of China
- List of Vice Presidents of the Republic of China
- List of Chinese leaders
- Chancellor of China
- Paramount Leader
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