List of municipalities in New Brunswick

Map of Canada with New Brunswick highlighted in red
Location of New Brunswick in Canada
Map showing locations of all of New Brunswick's municipalities
Distribution of New Brunswick's 107 municipalities and rural communities by municipal status type

New Brunswick is the eighth-most populous province in Canada with 751,171 residents as of the 2011 Census. It is the third-smallest in land area at approximately 71,400 km2 (27,600 sq mi).[1] New Brunswick's 107 municipalities[2] cover only 8.6% of the province's land mass but are home to 65.3% of its population.

Municipalities in New Brunswick may incorporate under the Municipalities Act of 1973 as a city, town, village, regional municipality, or rural community.[3] Municipal governments are led by elected councils and are responsible for the delivery of services such as civic administration, land use planning, emergency measures, policing, road, and garbage collection.[4] New Brunswick has 8 cities, 26 towns, 65 villages, 1 regional municipality, and 7 rural communities.[4][5] Although rural communities are under the Municipalities Act, the provincial government distinguishes them from municipalities.[6]

In 1785, Saint John became the first community in what would eventually become Canada to incorporate as a city.[7] It is New Brunswick's largest municipality by population with 70,063 residents as of the 2011 census and largest urban municipality by land area at 315.82 km2 (121.94 sq mi).[8] Approximately one-third of the residents of New Brunswick do not live in municipalities but reside in local service districts, which are unincorporated communities administered by the Minister of Environment and Local Government and have no local government of their own.[4]

Cities

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate a town as a city under the Municipal Act if it has a population of at least 10,000.[3] Cities already in existence on January 1, 1967 continue to be incorporated regardless of population.[3] New Brunswick had eight cities that had a cumulative population of 272,174 and an average population of 34,022 in the 2011 Census.[8] Saint John is New Brunswick's largest city by population and land area with 70,063 residents and 315.82 km2 (121.94 sq mi) respectively.[8] Campbellton is New Brunswick's smallest city by population and land area with 7,385 residents and 18.66 km2 (7.20 sq mi).[8]

Towns

The Lieutenant-Governor in Council may incorporate a village as a town under the Municipal Act if it has a population of 1,500 or more, and provides a level of services that the Minister of Environment and Local Government considers appropriate.[3] Towns already in existence on January 1, 1967 continue to be incorporated regardless of population.[3] New Brunswick had 26 towns that had a cumulative population of 129,311 and an average population of 4,974 in the 2011 Census.[8] New Brunswick's largest town by population is Riverview with 19,128 residents and largest town by area is Sackville with a land area of 74.32 km2 (28.70 sq mi).[8] New Brunswick's smallest town by population is Hartland with 947 residents and the smallest by land area is Saint-Quentin at 74.32 km2 (28.70 sq mi).[8]

Villages

New Brunswick had 66 villages at the time of the 2011 Census,[8] which dropped to 65 on July 1, 2012 when Kedgwick became a rural community.[9] In the 2011 Census, the province's 65 villages had a cumulative population of 71,956 and an average population of 1,107.[8] New Brunswick's largest village by population is Memramcook with 4,831 residents and largest village by area is Belledune with a land area of 189.33 km2 (73.10 sq mi).[8] New Brunswick's smallest village by population is Meductic with 228 residents and the smallest by land area is Saint-Louis de Kent at 2.00 km2 (0.77 sq mi).[8][10]

Regional municipalities

New Brunswick's first and only regional municipality was incorporated on May 12, 2014.[11] The Regional Municipality of Tracadie was formed through the amalgamation of the former Town of Tracadie–Sheila, eighteen local service districts and portions of two other local service districts.[11] Regional municipalities must have a population greater than 15,000 and a community grouping that includes at least one municipality.[4] Regional municipalities elect a local council but are responsible only for community administration, planning and emergency measures services, and all services previously provided by any former municipality that is now part of the regional municipality.[4] The Province of New Brunswick is responsible for police protection and road services, unless the regional municipality chooses to assume these responsibilities.[4]

Rural communities

New Brunswick had four rural communities at the time of the 2011 Census;[8] this increased to seven following the incorporations of Kedgwick in 2012 and Cocagne and Hanwell in 2014.[lower-alpha 1] These seven rural communities had a cumulative population of 12,406 and an average population of 1,772 in the 2011 Census.[8] New Brunswick's largest and smallest rural communities are Beaubassin East and Saint-André with populations of 6,200 and 819 respectively.[8] Rural communities elect local councils and are responsible for the delivery of some local services, including administrative services, community planning and emergency measures.[4] The province of New Brunswick ensures the delivery of other services including solid waste collection and recreation services unless the rural community chooses to take on these responsibilities.[4] Rural communities that include a former village or town are an exception, as they are responsible to provide all services that were previously provided by their former municipality.[4]

Haut-Madawaska

In a 2016 plebiscite, the residents of six parishes (Baker Brook, Clair, Lac Baker, Madawaska, Saint-François, and Saint-Hilaire) and four villages (Baker Brook, Clair, Saint-François de Madawaska and Saint-Hilaire) within the New Brunswick Panhandle voted 493 to 299 in favour of incorporating a new rural community under the name of Haut-Madawaska.[14] The plebiscite was the second in as many years. In 2015, a similar plebiscite was held that also included a fifth village, Lac Baker. The residents of all communities involved voted in favour of incorporation as a rural community with the exception of Lac Baker's residents, thereby defeating the proposal.[15]

List

Name Status Incorporation
year[16]		 Population
(2011)[8]		 Population
(2006)[8]		 Change[8] Land area
(km²)[8]		 Population density[8]
Bathurst City 1912 12,275 12,714 −3.5% 91.86 133.6/km2
Campbellton City 1888 7,385 7,384 0.0% 18.66 395.8/km2
Dieppe City 195223,310 18,565 +25.6% 54.11 430.8/km2
Edmundston City 1952 16,032 16,643 −3.7% 107.00 149.8/km2
Fredericton City 184856,224 50,535 +11.3% 131.67 427.0/km2
Miramichi City 1995 17,811 18,129 −1.8% 179.93 99.0/km2
Moncton City 189069,074 64,128 +7.7% 141.17 489.3/km2
Saint John City 178570,063 68,043 +3.0% 315.82 221.8/km2
Beresford Town19674,351 4,264 +2.0% 19.20 226.6/km2
Bouctouche Town19662,423 2,383 +1.7% 18.34 132.1/km2
Caraquet Town 1961 4,169 4,156 +0.3% 68.26 61.1/km2
Dalhousie Town 19053,512 3,676 −4.5% 14.51 242.0/km2
Florenceville-Bristol Town 2008 1,639 1,539 +6.5% 15.61 105.0/km2
Grand Bay-Westfield Town 19985,117 4,981 +2.7% 59.86 85.5/km2
Grand Falls Town 1890 5,706 5,650 +1.0% 18.06 315.9/km2
Hampton Town 1966 4,292 4,004 +7.2% 21.00 204.4/km2
Hartland Town 1918 947 947 0.0% 9.63 98.3/km2
Lamèque Town 19661,432 1,422 +0.7% 12.45 115.0/km2
Nackawic Town 19761,049 977 +7.4% 8.40 124.9/km2
Oromocto Town 19568,932 8,402 +6.3% 22.37 399.3/km2
Quispamsis Town 196617,886 15,239 +17.4% 57.06 313.5/km2
Richibucto Town 19661,286 1,290 −0.3% 11.83 108.7/km2
Riverview Town 197319,128 17,832 +7.3% 33.88 564.6/km2
Rothesay Town 1988 11,947 11,637 +2.7% 34.77 343.6/km2
Sackville Town 19035,558 5,411 +2.7% 74.32 74.8/km2
Saint Andrews Town19031,889 1,798 +5.1% 8.35 226.2/km2
St. George Town 1904 1,543 1,309 +17.9% 16.13 95.7/km2
Saint-Léonard Town19201,343 1,352 −0.7% 5.20 258.3/km2
Saint-Quentin Town19472,095 2,250 −6.9% 4.30 487.2/km2
St. Stephen Town1973[lower-alpha 2] 4,817 4,780 +0.8% 13.45 NAN.0/km2
Shediac Town19036,053 5,497 +10.1% 12.50 484.2/km2
Shippagan Town19472,631[10] 2,754 −4.5% 9.94 264.7/km2
Sussex Town 19044,312 4,241 +1.7% 9.03 477.5/km2
Woodstock Town 1856 5,254 5,113 +2.8% 13.41 391.8/km2
Alma Village 1966 232 301 −22.9% 47.64 4.9/km2
Aroostook Village1966 351 346 +1.4% 2.24 156.7/km2
Atholville Village 1966 1,237 1,317 −6.1% 10.25 120.7/km2
Baker Brook Village 1967585 525 +11.4% 12.29 47.6/km2
Balmoral Village 19721,719 1,706 +0.8% 43.53 39.5/km2
Bas-Caraquet Village 19661,380 1,471 −6.2% 31.00 44.5/km2
Bath Village 1966532 512 +3.9% 2.03 262.1/km2
Belledune Village 19681,548 1,711 −9.5% 189.33 8.2/km2
Bertrand Village 19681,137 1,179 −3.6% 46.45 24.5/km2
Blacks Harbour Village1972982 952 +3.2% 8.90 110.3/km2
Blackville Village1966990 931 +6.3% 21.73 45.6/km2
Cambridge-Narrows Village1966620 717 −13.5% 106.94 5.8/km2
Canterbury Village1966336[10] 360 −6.7% 5.34 62.9/km2
Cap-Pelé Village19692,256 2,279 −1.0% 23.78 94.9/km2
Centreville Village1966542 523 +3.6% 2.69 201.5/km2
Charlo Village19661,324 1,386 −4.5% 31.24 42.4/km2
Chipman Village19661,236 1,291 −4.3% 19.58 63.1/km2
Clair Village1966857 848 +1.1% 10.39 82.5/km2
Doaktown Village1966793 888 −10.7% 28.74 27.6/km2
Dorchester Village19661,167 1,119 +4.3% 5.74 203.3/km2
Drummond Village 1967775 839 −7.6% 8.91 87.0/km2
Eel River Crossing Village19661,209 1,168 +3.5% 17.45 69.3/km2
Fredericton Junction Village1966752 715 +5.2% 23.86 31.5/km2
Gagetown Village1966698 719 −2.9% 49.48 14.1/km2
Grand Manan Village 19952,377 2,460 −3.4% 150.86 15.8/km2
Grande-Anse Village 1968738 758 −2.6% 24.42 30.2/km2
Harvey Village 1966363 352 +3.1% 2.46 147.6/km2
Hillsborough Village 19661,350 1,292 +4.5% 12.98 104.0/km2
Lac Baker Village 1967719 705 +2.0% 37.12 19.4/km2
Le Goulet Village 1986817 908 −10.0% 5.46 149.6/km2
Maisonnette Village 1986573 599 −4.3% 12.88 44.5/km2
McAdam Village19661,284 1,404 −8.5% 14.47 88.7/km2
Meductic Village1966228[10] 155 +47.1% 5.57 40.9/km2
Memramcook Village19954,831 4,638 +4.2% 185.71 26.0/km2
Millville Village1966307 303 +1.3% 12.16 25.2/km2
Minto Village19662,505 2,681 −6.6% 31.53 79.4/km2
Neguac Village19671,678 1,623 +3.4% 26.69 62.9/km2
New Maryland Village19914,232 4,248 −0.4% 21.24 199.2/km2
Nigadoo Village1967952 927 +2.7% 7.69 123.8/km2
Norton Village19661,301 1,314 −1.0% 75.35 17.3/km2
Paquetville Village1966706 642 +10.0% 9.40 75.1/km2
Perth-Andover Village19661,778 1,797 −1.1% 8.89 200.0/km2
Petitcodiac Village19661,429 1,368 +4.5% 17.22 83.0/km2
Petit-Rocher Village19661,908 1,949 −2.1% 4.49 424.9/km2
Plaster Rock Village19661,135 1,150 −1.3% 3.09 367.3/km2
Pointe-Verte Village1966976 971 +0.5% 13.79 70.8/km2
Port Elgin Village1922418 451 −7.3% 2.61 160.2/km2
Rexton Village1966818 862 −5.1% 6.14 133.2/km2
Riverside-Albert Village1966353 320 +10.3% 3.41 103.5/km2
Rivière-Verte Village1966744 798 −6.8% 7.00 106.3/km2
Rogersville Village19661,170 1,165 +0.4% 7.23 161.8/km2
Sainte-Anne-de-Madawaska Village19661,002 1,073 −6.6% 9.21 108.8/km2
Saint-Antoine Village1966[lower-alpha 3]1,770 1,546 +14.5% 6.43 275.3/km2
Saint-François-de-Madawaska Village1966533 585 −8.9% 6.34 84.1/km2
Saint-Hilaire Village1967303[10] 231 +31.2% 5.67 53.4/km2
Saint-Isidore Village1966748 796 −6.0% 22.58 33.1/km2
Saint-Léolin Village1978 684[10] 733 −6.7% 19.78 34.6/km2
Saint-Louis de Kent Village1966930 960 −3.1% 2.00 465.0/km2
Sainte-Marie-Saint-Raphaël Village1986 955 993 −3.8% 15.61 61.2/km2
St. Martins Village1966314 386 −18.7% 2.29 137.1/km2
Salisbury Village19662,208 2,036 +8.4% 13.68 161.4/km2
Stanley Village1966419 433 −3.2% 17.34 24.2/km2
Sussex Corner Village19661,495 1,413 +5.8% 9.43 158.5/km2
Tide Head Village19661,036 1,075 −3.6% 19.57 52.9/km2
Tracy Village 1966611 619 −1.3% 29.39 20.8/km2
Tracadie Regional municipality 2014[17] 16,137 24.65 200.1[18]
Beaubassin East Rural community 1995[19] 6,200 6,429 −3.6% 291.12 21.3/km2
Campobello Island Rural community 2010[20] 925 1,056 −12.4% 39.67 23.3/km2
Cocagne Rural community 2014[12] 2,540[21]
Hanwell Rural community 2014[13] 4,740[21]
Kedgwick[lower-alpha 4] Rural community 2012[9] 2,089 2,251 −7.2% 657.76 3.2/km2
Saint-André Rural community 2006[22] 819 868 −5.6% 8.12 100.9/km2
Upper Miramichi Rural community 2008[23] 2,373 2,414 −1.7% 1,835.01 1.3/km2
Total cities — — 272,174 256,141 +6.3% 1,040.22 261.7/km2
Total regional municipality — — 4,933 — — 24.65 200.1/km2
Total rural communities[lower-alpha 5] — — 12,406 13,018 −4.7% 2,831.68 4.4/km2
Total towns — — 129,311 122,904 +5.2% 591.86 218.5/km2
Total villages — — 71,956 72,522 −0.8% 1,638.71 43.9/km2
Total municipalities — — 490,780 — — 6,127.12 80.1/km2

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Kedgwick was incorporated as a rural community through the amalgamation of the former Village of Kedgwick with the former local service district of the parish of Grimmer,[9] while Cocagne and Hanwell were previously local service districts.[12][13]
  2. ↑ St. Stephen was incorporated as a town in 1871, but amalgamated with Milltown in 1973 and renamed St. Stephen-Milltown but the name reverted to St. Stephen in 1975.[16]
  3. ↑ Incorporated as St. Anthony but the name was changed to Saint-Antoine in 1969.[16]
  4. ↑ Figures include the local service district of the parish of Grimmer which was incorporated with Kedgwick in 2012[9]
  5. ↑ Totals exclude the 2006 populations and 2011 land areas of Cocagne and Hanwell as their 2006 populations and 2011 land areas are not available from Statistics Canada.

References

  1. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, 2011 and 2006 censuses". Statistics Canada. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
  2. ↑ "Welcome to the Association of Municipal Administrators of New Brunswick". The Association of Municipal Administrators of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved August 16, 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Municipalities Act (R.S.N.B. 1973, c. M-22)". Government of New Brunswick. 1973. Retrieved April 24, 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Types of Local Governments". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
  5. ↑ "Community Profiles". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  6. ↑ "Municipalities (Cities, Towns, Villages) and Rural Communities". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved January 6, 2016.
  7. ↑ "Provincial Archives of New Brunswick". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (New Brunswick)". Statistics Canada. May 28, 2012. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Rural Community of Kedgwick Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 15, 2012. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Corrections and updates: Population and dwelling count amendments, 2011 Census". Statistics Canada. February 14, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.
  11. 1 2 "Establishing the Regional Municipality of Grand Tracadie-Sheila" (PDF). New Brunswick Department of Environment and Local Government. February 2014. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
  12. 1 2 "Rural Community of Cocagne Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 28, 2014. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  13. 1 2 "Rural Community of Hanwell Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 28, 2014. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  14. ↑ "Miramichi picks Adam Lordon as new mayor". CBC. November 14, 2016. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
  15. ↑ "No amalgamation for Sussex area, Haut-Madawaska". CBC. November 9, 2015. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
  16. 1 2 3 "Provincial Archives of New Brunswick". Government of New Brunswick. 2015. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
  17. ↑ "Regional Municipality of Grand Tracadie-Sheila Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Government of New Brunswick Office of the Attorney General. March 28, 2014. p. 3. Retrieved September 17, 2014.
  18. ↑ "Municipal Profile". Ville de Tracadie-Sheila Inc. 2015. Retrieved September 22, 2015.
  19. ↑ "Rural Community of Beaubassin East Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 24, 1995. p. 6. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  20. ↑ "Rural Community of Campobello Island Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. August 31, 2010. p. 2. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  21. 1 2 "Interim List of Changes to Municipal Boundaries, Status, and Names, From January 2, 2014 to January 1, 2015 – Table 1 Changes to census subdivisions in alphabetical order by province and territory (with 8C and 9C)" (XLSX). Statistics Canada. May 27, 2015. Retrieved May 30, 2015.
  22. ↑ "Rural Community of Saint-André Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. May 26, 2006. p. 4. Retrieved September 22, 2014.
  23. ↑ "Rural Community of Upper Miramichi Regulation – Municipalities Act" (PDF). Queen's Printer for New Brunswick. March 17, 2008. p. 4. Retrieved September 22, 2014.

External links

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