List of massacres in Great Britain

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This is a list of incidents that happened in Great Britain and commonly called massacres.

This list does not include massacres in Northern Ireland, or in Ireland during historical periods when Ireland and Great Britain were one country. Such incidents are listed in List of massacres in Ireland.

Date Name Location Deaths Injuries Notes
61 CE Menai Massacre Anglesey, North Wales unknown Roman suppression of Druid religion
60 or 61 CE Boudica's attacks on the Romans Camulodunum (modern-day Colchester), Londinium and Verulamium (modern-day St Albans) 70,000–80,000 Romans and Britons Forces led by Boudica, Queen of the British Iceni tribe, massacred both Romans and Britons in Camulodunum Londinium and Verulamium. Her forces were later defeated by the Romans at the Battle of Watling Street.[1]
686 Caedwalla's attack on Wihtwara Isle of Wight all but one According to Bede, King Caedwalla of Wessex "endeavoured to destroy all the inhabitants" of the island for reverting to paganism.
13 November 1002 St. Brice's Day massacre throughout the Kingdom of England unknown The St. Brice's Day massacre was the mass killing of Danes in the Kingdom of England on orders of King Æthelred the Unready.[2]
1069–1070 Harrying of the North The North of England between the Humber and the Tees 100,000 William the Conqueror's men burnt whole villages and slaughtered the inhabitants. Foodstores and livestock were destroyed so that anyone surviving the initial massacre would succumb to starvation over the winter.[3][4]
16 March 1190 Massacre of the Jews at York[5] York, England 150 'A wave of anti-Semitic riots culminated in the massacre of an estimated 150 Jews – the entire Jewish community of York – who had taken refuge in the royal castle where Clifford’s Tower now stands. The chronicler William of Newburgh described the rioters in York as acting “without any scruple of Christian conscientiousness” in wiping out the Jewish community'.[6][7]
30 March 1296 Massacre of Berwick Berwick-upon-Tweed, Scotland (at the time) 7,500–16,000 unknown English troops massacred the civilian and military population, including women and children, after besieging the Scottish town.[8]
10-12 February 1355 St Scholastica Day riot Oxford, England 93 Unknown A riot culminating from tensions between the city of Oxford and the academic community belonging to the university.
21 October 1490 Massacre of Monzievaird Monzievaird, Scotland possibly 120 Clan warfare.
1577 Eigg Massacre Isle of Eigg, Scotland 395 Clan warfare.

According to Clanranald legend all occupants, bar one, of the Isle of Eigg's MacDonald clan were asphyxiated by their rival MacLeod clan in Massacre Cave on the south coast of the island.[9] [10]

28 May 1644 Bolton Massacre Bolton, England 1,600 An occurrence during the English Civil War in which Royalist Forces under Prince Rupert of the Rhine slaughtered a large population of the strongly Roundhead town of Bolton.
1646 Dunoon Massacre Dunoon, Scotland 71 Clan warfare.
May 1647 Battle of Dunaverty Kintyre, Scotland 300 More than 300 MacDougalls and MacDonald's followers, men, women and children, were slaughtered at Dunaverty after being promised quarter from the Covenanters.
13 February 1692 Massacre of Glencoe Glen Coe, Scotland 78 Committed by the Clan Campbell under Captain Robert Campbell of Glenlyon, ostensibly due to irregularities concerning the swearing of an oath of allegiance to William II of Scotland.
10 May 1768 Massacre of St George's Fields London, England 6–7 Committed by the military during a riot.
29 October 1797 Massacre of Tranent Tranent, East Lothian, Scotland 12 Townsfolk, including women and children, were killed by members of the Cinque Ports Dragoons, a fencible cavalry regiment, during a protest against the Act of Parliament to raise a Scots militia by a form of conscription.
16 August 1819 Peterloo Massacre Manchester, England 15 400–700 Committed by the military during a large outdoor protest.
May - 7 June 1831 Merthyr Rising Merthyr Tydfil, Wales 24-26 70+ Described by historian John Davies as "the most ferocious and bloody event in the history of industrialized Britain", the rebellion in Merthyr Tydfil and surrounding areas broke out following protests against falling wages, the price of bread, and forced redundancy. During the bloodiest incident, highland troops sent to re-take Merthyr fired on protesters during a fight against a large crowd.
4 November 1839 Newport Rising Newport, Wales 22 50+ Led by John Frost, between 1,000 and 5,000 Chartist sympathisers armed with home-made weapons marched on Newport, intent on liberating fellow Chartists who had been reportedly taken prisoner. About 22 demonstrators were killed when troops opened fire on them. The leaders of the rebellion were convicted of high treason, and sentenced to transportation for life.
12/13 August 1842 Preston Strike of 1842 Preston, Lancashire, England 4 3+ The Mayor Samuel Horrocks read the Riot Act. This gave local authorities the right to use force if necessary to disperse unlawful assemblies and stop riots. When violence escalated and the crowd did not disperse the military then fired, shooting at least eight men.
12 August 1966 Shepherd's Bush murders Hammersmith and Fulham, London, England 3 Three Metropolitan Police officers shot while investigating a car outside Wormwood Scrubs prison.
22 February 1972 Aldershot Bombing Aldershot, England 7 18 A car bomb outside the headquarters of the British Army's 16th Parachute Regiment by Official IRA member Noel Jenkinson.
4 February 1974 M62 coach bombing West Yorkshire, England 12 38 A bombing on a coach carrying servicemen and their families by the Provisional IRA.
5 October 1974 Guildford pub bombings Guildford, England 5 65 Two bombs detonated in two separate Guildford pubs by the Provisional IRA who targeted them because they were popular with British servicemen.
21 November 1974 Birmingham pub bombings Birmingham, England 21 182 Two bombs detonated in two separate Birmingham pubs by the Provisional IRA.
16 August 1980 Denmark Place fire Camden, London, England 37 An arson attack against a night club on Denmark Street by patron who was angry at being barred from the club for arguing with a bartender. Described as the deadliest mass murder in modern British history.
20 July 1982 Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings Westminster, London, England 11 50 Two bombs detonated at Hyde park and Regents park by Provisional IRA member Danny McNamee.
17 December 1983 Harrods bombings Westminster, London, England 6 90 A bomb detonated at the Harrods department store by the Provisional IRA.
12 October 1984 Brighton hotel bombing Brighton, England 5 31 A bombing at the Grand Brighton Hotel by Provisional IRA member Patrick Magee who was attempting to assassinate prime minister Margaret Thatcher and other Conservative party members who were staying at the hotel for the annual party conference.
19 August 1987 Hungerford massacre Hungerford, England 16 15 A spree shooting/murder–suicide.
22 September 1989 Deal barracks bombing Deal, England 11 21 A bomb detonated at a Marine barracks by the Provisional IRA.
21 December 1988 Lockerbie Bombing Lockerbie, Scotland 270 A bombing on the Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie by Libyan terrorist Abdelbaset al-Megrahi, the wreckage of the destroyed plane fell onto the town of Lockerbie. All passengers and crew members on the flight died, and eleven people on the ground.
13 March 1996 Dunblane school massacre Dunblane, Scotland 18 15 A school shooting/murder–suicide.
7 July 2005 7 July 2005 London bombings London, England 52 700+ A series of coordinated terrorist suicide attacks occurred throughout London between 08:50-09:47 in the morning. It was the United Kingdom's worst terrorist incident since the 1988 Lockerbie bombing as well as the country's first ever suicide attack.
2 June 2010 Cumbria shootings Cumbria, England 12 11 A killing spree/murder–suicide.
19 July 2016 2016 Spalding shooting Spalding, England 3 0 Murder–suicide at a swimming pool in Spalding.

References

  1. ↑ Davies, Norman (1999). The Isles: A History. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 93. ISBN 0-19-820171-0.
  2. ↑ Williams, Ann (2003). Aethelred the Unready: The Ill-Counselled King. Hambledon: Hambledon Continuum. pp. 52–53. ISBN 1-85285-382-4.
  3. ↑ Rex, Peter (2004). The English Resistance: The Underground War Against the Normans. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Tempus. p. 28. ISBN 0-7524-2827-6. Retrieved 2 February 2014.
  4. ↑ Vitalis, Ordericus (1854). Thomas Forester Tr., ed. The Ecclesiastical history of England and Normandy. Volume ii. London: Henry G. Bohn. p. 28. Retrieved 2 February 2014.
  5. ↑ Clifford's Tower: Massacre at York (1190)
  6. ↑ "The 1190 Massacre: History of York". Retrieved 2013-04-19.
  7. ↑ Margolis, Max. L. and Marx, Alexander. A History of the Jewish People. (Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society of America, 1927.) pp. 387-388
  8. ↑ John Parker Lawson (1849), "Siege of Berwick, 1296", Historical Tales of the Wars of Scotland, and of the Border Raids, Forays, and Conflicts, pp. 113–116
  9. ↑ http://calumimaclean.blogspot.com.au/2014/05/the-eigg-massacre-of-1577.html
  10. ↑ http://www.scotlandinfo.eu/isle-of-eigg-small-isles/
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