List of aircraft of World War II

The List of aircraft of World War II includes all the aircraft used by those countries which were at war during World War II from the period between their joining the conflict and the conflict ending for them. Aircraft developed but not used operationally in the war are in the prototypes section at the end. Prototypes for aircraft that entered service under a different design number are ignored in favour of the service version. The date the aircraft entered service, or was first flown if the service date is unknown or it did not enter service follows the name, followed by the country of origin and major wartime users. Aircraft used for multiple roles are generally only listed under their primary role unless specialized versions were built for other roles. Aircraft used by neutral countries such as Spain, Switzerland and Sweden or countries which did no significant fighting such as most of those in South America (except Brazil), are not included.

Operational aircraft

Fighter aircraft

Biplane fighters

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Avia B-5341935 CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Slovakia
Avia BH-331927 CzechoslovakiaYugoslavia
Armstrong Whitworth Scimitar1936 United KingdomNorway
Blériot-SPAD S.5101936 France
Boeing P-121930 United StatesBrazil, China, Philippines, Thailand
Bristol Bulldog1929 United KingdomDenmark, Finland
Curtiss Hawk II1932 United StatesChina
Curtiss Hawk III1933 United StatesChina, Thailand
Fairey Firefly II1931 United KingdomBelgium
Fiat CR.321934 ItalyItaly, Hungary, China
Fiat CR.421939 ItalyItaly, Belgium, Croatia, Hungary, Germany
Gloster Gamecock II/Kukko1925 United KingdomFinland
Gloster Gauntlet1935 United KingdomUK, Denmark, Finland
Gloster Gladiator/Sea Gladiator1937 United KingdomUK, Belgium, Finland, Greece, Iraq, Norway
Grumman Goblin[notes 1]1933 United StatesCanada
Grumman F3F carrier fighter1936 United States
Hawker Demon1931 United KingdomUK, Australia
Hawker Fury1931 United KingdomYugoslavia, South Africa
Hawker Nimrod carrier fighter1933 United KingdomDenmark
Heinkel He 511935 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria
IMAM Ro.44 floatplane fighter1937 Italy
Kawasaki Ki-10[1]1935 Japan
Kochyerigin DI-61934 Soviet Union
Koolhoven F.K.521939 NetherlandsNetherlands, Finland
Polikarpov I-51931 Soviet Union
Polikarpov I-15 & I-15bis1934 Soviet UnionUSSR, China, Finland
Polikarpov I-1531939 Soviet UnionUSSR, China, Finland

Single-engined, single-seat monoplane fighters and fighter bombers

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Ambrosini SAI.2071942 Italy
Ansaldo A.1201925 ItalyItaly, Lithuania
Arsenal VG-331940 France
Avia B-1351941 CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia, Bulgaria
Bell P-39 Airacobra1941 United StatesUS, USSR, Australia, France, UK
Bell P-63 Kingcobra1942 United StatesUS, USSR
Bloch MB.150-1571940 FranceFrance, Greece, Romania
Boeing P-26 Peashooter1933 United StatesUS, China, Philippines
Breda Ba.271933 ItalyChina
Brewster F2A Buffalo1939 United StatesUS, Finland, Netherlands, New Zealand, UK, Australia
CAC Boomerang[notes 2]1943 Australia
Caudron C.7141940 FranceFrance, Finland, Poland
Curtiss P-36 Hawk/Mohawk1938 United StatesUS, Brazil, Finland, France, Netherlands, Norway, Thailand, UK
Curtiss P-40 Warhawk/Tomahawk/Kittyhawk1939 United StatesUS, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Finland, New Zealand, South Africa, UK, USSR
Curtiss-Wright CW-21 Demon1939 United StatesChina, Netherlands
Dewoitine D.500/D.5101935 FranceFrance, China
Dewoitine D.5201940 FranceFrance, Bulgaria, Italy
Fiat G.501938 ItalyItaly, Finland, Croatia
Fiat G.551943 Italy
Focke-Wulf Fw 1901941 GermanyGermany, Hungary, Romania
Focke-Wulf Ta 152 high altitude fighter1945 Germany
Fokker D.XXI1936 NetherlandsNetherlands, Denmark, Finland
Grumman F4F/FM Wildcat/Martlet carrier fighter1940 United StatesUS, UK
Grumman F6F Hellcat/Gannet carrier fighter1943 United StatesUS, UK
Grumman F8F Bearcat carrier fighter[notes 3]1945 United States
Hawker Hurricane/Sea Hurricane1937 United KingdomUK, Belgium, Canada, Finland, France, Greece, India, New Zealand, USSR
Hawker Tempest1944 United KingdomIndia, New Zealand, UK
Hawker Typhoon1940 United Kingdom
Heinkel He 1121937 GermanyGermany, Hungary, Romania
IAR 801942 Romania
Ikarus IK-2 1935 YugoslaviaYugoslavia, Croatia
Kawanishi N1K/N1K-J1943 Japan
Kawasaki Ki-611943 Japan
Kawasaki Ki-1001945 Japan
Koolhoven F.K.581940 NetherlandsNetherlands, France
Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-11940 Soviet Union
Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-31941 Soviet UnionUSSR, Finland
Lavochkin La-51942 Soviet Union
Lavochkin La-71944 Soviet Union
Loire 46 parasol monoplane1936 France
Macchi C.2001939 Italy
Macchi C.2021941 ItalyItaly, Croatia, Germany
Macchi C.2051943 ItalyItaly, Croatia, Germany
MÁVAG Héja1941 Hungary
Messerschmitt Bf 1091937 GermanyGermany, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Romania
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-11940 Soviet Union
Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-31941 Soviet Union
Mitsubishi A5M carrier fighter[notes 4]1936 Japan
Mitsubishi A6M Zero carrier fighter1940 Japan
Mitsubishi J2M interceptor1942 Japan
Morane-Saulnier M.S.4061939 FranceFrance, Croatia, Finland, Italy, Poland
Nakajima A6M2-N floatplane fighter1942 Japan
Nakajima Ki-271937 JapanJapan, Manchukuo, Thailand
Nakajima Ki-431941 JapanJapan, Manchukuo, Thailand
Nakajima Ki-441942 Japan
Nakajima Ki-841943 Japan
North American P-51 Mustang1942 United StatesUS, UK, Australia, Canada, China, France, South Africa, USSR
North American P-64[notes 5]1940 United States
Polikarpov I-161934 Soviet UnionUSSR, China, Finland
PZL P.7 1933 Poland
PZL P.111934 PolandPoland, Romania
PZL P.241936 PolandPoland, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania
Reggiane Re.20001940 ItalyItaly, Hungary
Reggiane Re.20011941 Italy
Reggiane Re.20051943 Italy
Republic P-43 Lancer1941 United StatesUS, Australia, China
Republic P-47 Thunderbolt1942 United StatesUS, UK, Brazil, Mexico, France, USSR
Rogožarski IK-31940 Yugoslavia
Seversky P-351937 United States
Supermarine Seafire carrier fighter1942 United Kingdom
Supermarine Spitfire1938 United KingdomUK, Australia, Canada, France, India, Italy, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, US, USSR
VL Myrsky1943 Finland
Vought F4U/FG Corsair carrier fighter1942 United StatesUS, UK, New Zealand
Vultee P-66 Vanguard 1941 United StatesUS, China
Yakovlev Yak-11940 Soviet UnionUSSR, France
Yakovlev Yak-31944 Soviet UnionUSSR, France
Yakovlev Yak-7/Yak-7B1942 Soviet UnionUSSR, France
Yakovlev Yak-91942 Soviet UnionUSSR, France

Heavy fighters (multi-engined or multi-seat) and night fighters

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Bell YFM-1 Airacuda[1] flying cruiser1940 United States
Blackburn Roc turret fighter1939 United Kingdom
Blackburn Skua fighter/dive bomber1938 United Kingdom
Boulton Paul Defiant turret fighter1939 United Kingdom
Bristol Beaufighter1940 United KingdomUK, Australia, South Africa, US
Bristol Blenheim night fighter1937 United KingdomCanada
de Havilland Mosquito night fighter/fighter bomber1941 United KingdomUK, Canada, New Zealand, Australia, US
Dornier Do 215 night fighter1939 GermanyGermany, Hungary
Dornier Do 217 night fighter1941 GermanyGermany, Italy
Dornier Do 3351944 Germany
Douglas P-70 Havoc night fighter1941 United StatesUS, UK
Fairey Firefly fleet fighter/dive bomber1941 United Kingdom
Fairey Fulmar fleet fighter1940 United Kingdom
Focke-Wulf Ta 154 night fighter1944 Germany
Fokker G.I1939 Netherlands
Grumman F7F Tigercat carrier night fighter1944 United States
Heinkel He 219 night fighter1943 Germany
IMAM Ro.571943 Italy
Junkers Ju 88 night fighter1940 Germany
Junkers Ju 388 night fighter1944 Germany
Kawasaki Ki-45 night fighter1942 Japan
Kawasaki Ki-102 twin-engine fighter1945 Japan
Lockheed P-38 Lightning1941 United StatesUS, Australia, China
Messerschmitt Bf 1101937 Germany Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Iraq, Romania
Messerschmitt Me 2101943 GermanyGermany, Hungary
Messerschmitt Me 4101943 GermanyGermany
Mitsubishi Ki-109 bomber interceptor1945 Japan
Nakajima J1N night fighter/interceptor1942 Japan
Northrop P-61 Black Widow night fighter1944 United States
Petlyakov Pe-31941 Soviet UnionUSSR, Finland
Potez 6301938 FranceFrance, Greece, Romania
Westland Welkin high altitude interceptor1944 United Kingdom
Westland Whirlwind1940 United Kingdom

Jet- and rocket- propelled fighters

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Bell P-59 Airacomet1944 United States
Gloster Meteor1944 United Kingdom
Heinkel He 1621945 Germany
Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star1945 United States
Messerschmitt Me 163 rocket interceptor1944 Germany
Messerschmitt Me 2621944 Germany
Ryan FR Fireball mixed power carrier fighter1945 United States

Bomber and attack aircraft

Heavy bombers and maritime patrol

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Avro Lancaster1942 United KingdomUK, Canada, Australia
Avro Manchester[notes 6]1940 United Kingdom
Blohm & Voss BV 142 maritime patrol[2]1940 Germany
Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress/Fortress1940 United StatesUS, Canada, UK
Boeing B-29 Superfortress1944 United States
Consolidated B-24/LB-30/PB4Y-1 Liberator1940 United StatesUS, Australia, Canada, UK
Consolidated B-32 Dominator1942 United States
Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer maritime patrol1943 United States
Farman F.221-2231936 France
Focke-Wulf Fw 200 maritime patrol1940 Germany
Handley Page Halifax1940 United KingdomUK, Australia, Canada, France
Heinkel He 1771943 Germany
Petlyakov Pe-81936 Soviet Union
Piaggio P.1081942 Italy
Short Stirling1940 United Kingdom
Tupolev TB-31932 Soviet Union
Vickers Warwick1942 United Kingdom UK, Polish exile, South Africa

Medium bombers

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Amiot 1431936 France
Amiot 3541940 FranceFrance, Germany
Arado Ar 234 jet bomber1944 Germany
Arkhangelsky Ar-21940 Soviet Union
Armstrong Whitworth Whitley1937 United Kingdom
Avia F.391932 Czechoslovakia
Avro Anson1936 United KingdomUK, Canada, Finland, Greece, Iraq
Blackburn Botha1939 United Kingdom
Bloch MB.1311938 France
Bloch MB.1701940 France
Bloch MB.2001935 FranceFrance, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Germany
Bloch MB.2101937 France
Breda Ba.881938 Italy
Bristol Beaufort1940 United KingdomUK, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa
Bristol Blenheim/Bolingbroke/Bisley[3]1937 United KingdomUK, Canada, Finland, Greece, France, Yugoslavia
Bristol Bombay bomber/transport 1939 United Kingdom
CANT Z.10071938 Italy
Caproni Ca.1351937 Italy
Caproni Ca.3091937 ItalyItaly, Bulgaria, Hungary
Caproni Ca.310-Ca.3141938 ItalyItaly, Croatia, France, Hungary, Norway, Germany, Yugoslavia
Curtiss A-18 Shrike[notes 7]1936 United States
de Havilland Mosquito[3]1941 United KingdomUK, Canada, Australia, Norway
Dornier Do 11[notes 8]1932 GermanyBulgaria
Dornier Do 171937 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria, Finland, Yugoslavia
Dornier Do 2151939 Germany
Dornier Do 2171941 GermanyGermany, Italy
Douglas A-20 Havoc/Boston1941 United StatesUS, Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, UK, USSR
Douglas A-26 Invader1944 United States
Douglas B-18 Bolo/Digby[notes 9]1936 United StatesUS, Brazil, Canada
Douglas B-23/UC-67 Dragon[notes 10]1939 United States
Fiat BR.20[notes 11]1938 Italy
Fokker T.V1938 Netherlands
Handley Page Hampden1938 United KingdomUK, Canada, USSR
Heinkel He 1111936 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria, China, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia
Ilyushin DB-3/Il-41938 Soviet UnionUSSR, Finland
Junkers Ju 861936 GermanyGermany, South Africa
Junkers Ju 881938 GermanyGermany, Finland, Italy, Romania
Junkers Ju 1881943 GermanyGermany, Hungary
Junkers Ju 3881944 Germany
Kawasaki Ki-481940 Japan
Keystone B-3A[notes 12]1926 United StatesPhilippines
Kyushu Q1W maritime patrol1945 Japan
Lioré et Olivier LeO 4511939 France
Lockheed Hudson[notes 13]1939 United StatesUS, Brazil, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, UK
Lockheed PV Ventura/B-34 Lexington
and PV-2 Harpoon
[notes 14]
1942 United StatesUS, Australia, Brazil, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, UK
Martin 139 & 166 (B-10 & B-12)1934 United StatesUS, China, Netherlands, Philippines, Thailand
Martin B-26 Marauder1941 United StatesUS, France, UK, South Africa
Martin Baltimore1941 United StatesUS, Australia France, Greece, Co-Belligerent Italy, South Africa, UK
Martin Maryland1939 United StatesFrance, UK
Mitsubishi G3M1937 Japan
Mitsubishi G4M1941 Japan
Mitsubishi Ki-211938 JapanJapan, Thailand
Mitsubishi Ki-671942 Japan
Nakajima Ki-491938 Japan
North American B-25 Mitchell1941 United StatesUS, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Netherlands, UK, USSR
Petlyakov Pe-21941 Soviet UnionUSSR, Finland
Potez 5401934 France
PZL.37 Łoś1938 PolandPoland, Romania, Germany
Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 trimotor1937 ItalyItaly, Iraq, Romania, Yugoslavia, UK
Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 trimotor1935 Italy
Savoia-Marchetti SM.84 trimotor1941 Italy
Sukhoi Su-21937 Soviet Union
Tupolev SB/Avia B.711934 Soviet UnionUSSR, Bulgaria, China, Czechoslovakia, Finland
Tupolev TB-11929 Soviet Union
Tupolev Tu-21944 Soviet Union
Vickers Type 264 Valentia bomber/transport1934 United Kingdom
Vickers Wellington1938 United Kingdom UK, Australia, Canada
Yermolayev Yer-21941 Soviet Union
Yokosuka P1Y1945 Japan

Light bombers, tactical reconnaissance and observation aircraft

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Aero A.32[notes 15]1928 CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia, Finland
Aero A.1001933 Czechoslovakia
Aero A.3041937 CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Germany
ANF Les Mureaux 113, 115, 1171933 France
Armstrong Whitworth Atlas[4]1927 United KingdomCanada
Blackburn Ripon[4]1929 United KingdomFinland
Blackburn Shark1935 United KingdomUK, Canada
Breda Ba.641937 Italy
Breda Ba.651937 ItalyItaly, Iraq
Breguet 191924 FranceFrance, Belgium, Yugoslavia, Croatia, Poland
Breguet 270 Series1930 FranceFrance, China
Breguet 691, 693, 6951939 France
Curtiss A-12 Shrike[1]1933 United States
Curtiss O-52 Owl1940 United StatesUS, USSR
DAR-3 Garvan1937 Bulgaria
Douglas O-431933 United States
Douglas O-461936 United StatesUS, Philippines
Fairey Battle1937 United KingdomUK, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Greece
Fairey Fox1932 United KingdomBelgium
Fairey Gordon1931 United KingdomUK, New Zealand
Fairey IIIF[notes 16]1926 United KingdomUK, Greece
Focke-Wulf Fw 1891941 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania
Fokker C.V1924 NetherlandsNetherlands, Denmark, Finland, Norway
Fokker C.VIII1928 Netherlands
Fokker C.X1932 NetherlandsNetherlands, Finland
Hawker Hart1930 United KingdomUK, Finland
Hawker Audax, Nisr & Hartebees1931 United KingdomUK, India, Iraq, Persia, South Africa
Hawker Hector1936 United Kingdom
Hawker Hind1935 United KingdomUK, New Zealand
Hawker Horsley/Dantorp1927 United KingdomGreece, Denmark
Heinkel He 451931 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria, Hungary
Heinkel He 461931 GermanyGermany, Hungary
Heinkel He 501935 Germany
Henschel Hs 1231936 Germany
Henschel Hs 1261937 GermanyGermany, Greece
Henschel Hs 1291938 Germany
IAR 37/38/391938 Romania
Ilyushin Il-21941 Soviet Union
Ilyushin Il-101944 Soviet Union
IMAM Ro.371935 ItalyItaly, Hungary
Junkers Ju 871937 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria
Kaproni Bulgarski KB-111941 Bulgaria
Kawasaki Ki-321938 JapanJapan, Manchukuo
Kharkov KhAI-5/Neman R-101936 Soviet Union
Letov Š-161928 CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia, Latvia, Turkey
Letov Š-3281934 CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Germany, Slovakia
Lublin R-XIII1932 PolandPoland, Romania
Mitsubishi Ki-301938 JapanJapan, Thailand
Mitsubishi Ki-511939 Japan
North American A-36 Apache dive bomber[notes 17]1942 United States
North American O-471934 United States
Northrop/Douglas A-17/8-A/Nomad1935 United StatesUS, South Africa, Canada, France, Iraq, Netherlands, Norway, UK
Polikarpov Po-21929 Soviet UnionUSSR, Finland
Polikarpov R-51931 Soviet Union
Polikarpov R-Z1935 Soviet UnionUSSR
Potez 25[notes 18]1925 FranceFrance, Yugoslavia, Poland
PZL.23/43 Karaś1936 PolandPoland, Romania, Bulgaria
Reggiane Re.20021941 ItalyItaly, Germany
Rogožarski R-1001938 YugoslaviaYugoslavia, Croatia
Renard R-311935 Belgium
RWD-14 Czapla1939 PolandPoland, Romania
Savoia-Marchetti SM.851936 Italy
Tachikawa Ki-361938 JapanJapan, Thailand
Vickers Vildebeest1933 United KingdomUK, New Zealand
Vickers Wellesley1937 United Kingdom
VL Kotka1931 Finland
Vought O2U & O3U Corsair1926 United StatesUS, Brazil, China, Thailand
Vultee A-31/A-35/Vengeance dive bomber1942 United StatesUS, Australia, Brazil, France, India, UK
Vultee V-11/V-12/A-19/BSh-1[notes 19]1939 United StatesUS, Brazil, China, USSR
Weiss WM-21 Sólyom1938 Hungary
Westland Lysander[3]1936 United KingdomUK, Canada, France, Finland, India, US
Westland Wapiti[4]1928 United KingdomAustralia, Canada, India
Westland Wallace1933 United Kingdom
Yakovlev Yak-41941 Soviet Union

Carrier-based naval bombers

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Aichi B7A torpedo/dive bomber1945 Japan
Aichi D1A dive bomber[1]1934 Japan
Aichi D3A dive bomber1937 Japan
Blackburn Skua fighter/dive bomber1938 United Kingdom
Brewster SB2A Buccaneer/Bermuda dive bomber1941 United StatesUS, UK
Consolidated TBY Sea Wolf torpedo bomber1944 United States
Curtiss SB2C Helldiver/A-25 Shrike dive bomber1943 United StatesUS, Australia, UK
Curtiss SBC Helldiver/Cleveland dive bomber1938 United StatesUS, France, UK
Douglas DT torpedo bomber[notes 20]1921 United StatesNorway
Douglas SBD Dauntless/A-24 Banshee dive bomber1940 United StatesUS, New Zealand
Douglas TBD Devastator torpedo bomber1935 United States
Fairey Albacore torpedo/dive bomber1940 United KingdomUK, Canada
Fairey Barracuda torpedo/dive bomber1942 United Kingdom
Fairey Swordfish torpedo bomber1936 United KingdomUK, Canada
Fieseler Fi 167 torpedo/reconnaissance bomber1940 GermanyGermany, Croatia, Romania
Grumman TBF/TBM Avenger torpedo bomber1942 United StatesUS, UK, New Zealand
Loire-Nieuport LN.401 dive bomber1939 France
Mitsubishi B5M torpedo bomber1937 Japan
Nakajima B5N torpedo bomber1938 Japan
Nakajima B6N torpedo bomber1942 Japan
Naval Aircraft Factory SBN dive bomber1941 United States
Vought SB2U Vindicator/Chesapeake dive bomber1937 United StatesUS, UK, France
Yokosuka B4Y torpedo bomber1936 Japan
Yokosuka D4Y dive bomber/night fighter1942 Japan

Strategic and photo-reconnaissance aircraft

Strategic and photo-reconnaissance aircraft were frequently specially modified variants of high performance aircraft, usually fighters or bombers.

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Arado Ar 234 reconnaissance/bomber1944 Germany
Boeing F-9 Flying Fortress1940 United States
Consolidated F-7 Liberator1940 United States
de Havilland Mosquito PR variants1941 United KingdomUK, Canada, US
Dornier Do 17Z-31937 GermanyGermany, Yugoslavia
Dornier Do 215B-0/1/41939 Germany
Dornier Do 217A-01941 Germany
Douglas F-3 Havoc1941 United States
Fiat CR.251938 Italy
Focke-Wulf Fw 190A-3/U4, A-4/U4 & A-5/U41941 Germany
Focke-Wulf Ta 152H-1-01945 Germany
Heinkel He 70K/1701937 GermanyHungary
Junkers Ju 86P1936 Germany
Junkers Ju 88D & T1939 Germany
Junkers Ju 188D & F1943 Germany
Lockheed F-4 and F-5 Lightning1941 United StatesUS, France, Italy
Messerschmitt Bf 109E-5/F-6/G-41937 Germany
Messerschmitt Bf 110C-5/E-3/F-31937 Germany
Messerschmitt Me 210B1943 Germany
Messerschmitt Me 262A-1a/U31944 Germany
Messerschmitt Me 410A-1/U-1, A-2/U-1 & A-31943 Germany
Mitsubishi Ki-15/C5M1937 Japan
Mitsubishi Ki-461941 Japan
Nakajima C6N1944 Japan
North American F-6 Mustang1942 United StatesUS, France
Potez 63.111939 France
PWS-10[notes 21]1932 Poland
Supermarine Spitfire PR variants1938 United KingdomUK, US, USSR...
Yakovlev Yak-9R1942 Soviet Union
Yokosuka R2Y1945 Japan

Seaplanes

Flying boats

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Aichi E11A1937 Japan
Aichi H9A1942 Japan
Beriev MBR-21935 Soviet Union
Blohm & Voss BV 1381940 Germany
Blohm & Voss BV 2221941 Germany
Boeing 314 Clipper/C-981939 United States
Breguet 521 Bizerte & 530 Saigon1935 FranceFrance, Germany
CAMS 371926 France
CAMS 551930 France
Canadian Vickers Vancouver1930 Canada
Canadian Vickers Vedette1925 Canada
CANT Z.5011935 ItalyItaly, Romania
CANT Z.5061936 Italy
Chyetverikov MDR-61941 Soviet Union
Consolidated PBY/PBN/PBV/OA-10 Catalina/Canso[3]1935 United StatesUS, Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Norway, UK, USSR
Consolidated PB2Y Coronado1937 United StatesUS, UK
Dornier Do 181938 Germany
Dornier Do 241937 GermanyGermany, Australia, Netherlands
Dornier Do 261938 Germany
Dornier Do J1922 GermanyGermany, Denmark
Douglas Dolphin1931 United StatesUS, Australia, China
Grumman J2F Duck1936 United States
Grumman J4F Widgeon/Gosling1940 United StatesUS, Brazil, UK
Grumman JRF Goose1937 United StatesUS, Brazil, Canada, UK
Hall PH1931 United States
Ikarus IO1926 Yugoslavia
Ikarus ŠM1924 Yugoslavia
Kawanishi E11K1937 Japan
Kawanishi H6K1938 Japan
Kawanishi H8K1942 Japan
Latécoère 3001932 France
Latécoère 521-5231935 France
Latécoère 611[2]1940 France
Loire 701937 France
Loire 1301937 France
Loire 5011933 France
Lioré et Olivier LeO H-471937 France
Lioré et Olivier LeO H-2461939 FranceFrance, Germany
Macchi M.C.941936 Italy
Macchi M.C.1001940 Italy
Martin JRM Mars1943 United States
Martin M-1301934 United States
Martin PBM Mariner1940 United StatesUS, UK, Australia, Netherlands
Potez 4521936 France
Potez 141[2]1938 FranceFrance, Germany
Potez-CAMS 1611938 FranceFrance, Germany
Saro Cutty Sark1930 United KingdomUK, China, New Zealand
Saro Lerwick1940 United KingdomUK, Canada
Saro London1936 United KingdomUK, Canada
Shavrov Sh-21934 Soviet UnionUSSR, Finland
Short Empire1936 United KingdomUK, Australia, New Zealand
Short S.261940 United Kingdom
Short Singapore1935 United KingdomUK, New Zealand
Short Sunderland1938 United KingdomUK, Australia, France, New Zealand, Norway, Canada
Sikorsky JRS-1/OA-81935 United States
SNCASE SE.200[notes 22]1942 FranceGermany
Supermarine Sea Otter1942 United Kingdom
Supermarine Stranraer[3]1937 United KingdomUK, Canada
Supermarine Walrus1935 United KingdomUK, Australia, Canada, France, New Zealand
Tupolev MTB-11929 Soviet Union
Yokosuka H5Y1939 Japan

Floatplanes

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Aichi E13A1941 JapanJapan, Thailand
Aichi E16A1944 Japan
Aichi M6A[5]1945 Japan
Arado Ar 951936 Germany
Arado Ar 1961938 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria, Finland, Norway
Arado Ar 199 trainer1939 Germany
Arado Ar 231[5]1941 GermanyGermany
Beriev Be-21938 Soviet Union
Beriev Be-41942 Soviet Union
Besson MB.411[5]1935 France
Curtiss SC Seahawk1944 United States
Curtiss SO3C Seamew1942 United StatesUS, UK
Curtiss SOC Seagull1935 United States
Dornier Do 221938 GermanyGermany, Finland, Yugoslavia, Greece
Fairey Seafox1937 United Kingdom
Fairey Swordfish1936 United Kingdom
Farman NC.4701938 France
Fiat RS.141941 Italy
Fokker C.XI-W1935 Netherlands
Fokker C.XIV-W1937 Netherlands
Fokker T.IV1927 Netherlands
Fokker T.VIII1938 NetherlandsNetherlands, Germany, UK
Gourdou-Leseurre GL-810-813 HY1930 France
Gourdou-Leseurre GL-832 HY1930 France
Heinkel HE 8[notes 23]1927 GermanyDenmark
Heinkel He 42 floatplane trainer1929 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria
Heinkel He 591935 GermanyGermany, Finland
Heinkel He 601933 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria
Heinkel He 1141939 GermanyGermany, Romania
Heinkel He 1151939 GermanyGermany, Finland, Norway, UK
IMAM Ro.431935 Italy
Kawanishi E7K1935 Japan
Kawanishi N1K floatplane trainer1944 Japan
Latécoère 2901934 France
Latécoère 2981938 FranceFrance, Germany
Levasseur PL.151933 France
Lioré et Olivier LeO H-431940 France
Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk/Høver M.F.8 floatplane trainer1924 Norway
Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk/Høver M.F.101929 Norway
Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk/Høver M.F.11 floatplane trainer1932 NorwayNorway, Finland
Mitsubishi F1M1941 Japan
Nakajima A6M2-N1942 Japan
Nakajima E8N1935 JapanJapan, Thailand
Northrop Delta1936 United StatesCanada
Northrop N-3PB1940 United StatesNorway
Rogožarski SIM-XII-H1938 Yugoslavia
Rogožarski SIM-XIV-H1939 Yugoslavia
VL Sääski floatplane trainer1928 Finland
Vought OS2U Kingfisher1938 United StatesUS, Australia, UK
Watanabe E9W[5]1938 Japan
Watanabe K6W/WS-1031938 JapanJapan, Thailand
Yokosuka E14Y[5]1941 Japan
Yokosuka K4Y1933 Japan

Transport and utility aircraft

Passenger and cargo aircraft

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Arado Ar 2321943 Germany
Armstrong Whitworth Albemarle1940 United KingdomUK, USSR
Avro Lancastrian1945 United Kingdom
Avro York1944 United Kingdom
Boeing 247/UC-731933 United StatesUS, UK, Canada
Boeing 307/UC-751940 United States
Bristol Buckingham[notes 24]1943 United Kingdom
Budd RB Conestoga1944 United States
Caproni Ca.1111932 Italy
Caproni Ca.1331935 Italy
Consolidated C-87/C-109 Liberator Express1942 United StatesUS, UK
Curtiss-Wright C-46/R5C Commando1941 United States
de Havilland Albatross1938 United Kingdom
Douglas C-47/R4D Skytrain/Dakota1941 United StatesUS, Brazil, Canada, France, India, New Zealand, UK
Douglas C-54/R5D Skymaster1942 United StatesUS, UK
Douglas DC-2/C-321934 United StatesUS, Australia, Finland, Japan, UK
Douglas DC-31935 United StatesCanada, US, Japan
Douglas DC-5/C-110/R3D1940 United StatesUS, Australia, Japan
Farman F.2241932 France
Fiat G.121941 Italy
Fiat G.181936 Italy
Fokker F.VII1925 NetherlandsNetherlands, Finland, Poland
Fokker Super Universal/Nakajima Ki-6/C2N1931 United StatesJapan, Manchukuo
Ford Trimotor1926 United StatesAustralia
Gotha Go 244[notes 25]1942 Germany
Handley Page H.P.54 Harrow bomber/transport[notes 26]1937 United KingdomUK, Canada
Handley Page Halifax[6]1940 United Kingdom
Heinkel He 116 mailplane1938 GermanyGermany
Junkers G 241925 GermanyGreece
Junkers G 311926 GermanyGermany, Australia
Junkers Ju 521932 GermanyGermany, Greece, Bulgaria, Norway
Junkers Ju 901938 Germany
Junkers Ju 2521942 Germany
Junkers Ju 3521944 Germany
Kawanishi H6K2-L/H6K-3/H6K4-L1936 Japan
Kawanishi H8K2-L1941 Japan
Kawasaki Ki-56 (improved Lockheed 14)1940 Japan
Kokusai Ki-591941 Japan
Lisunov Li-2 (modified licence-built DC-3)1939 Soviet Union
Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra1937 United StatesUS, UK, Canada, Japan, South Africa
Lockheed C-60 Lodestar1937 United StatesUS, Australia, Brazil, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, UK
Lockheed C-69 Constellation1943 United States
Messerschmitt Me 3231943 Germany
Mitsubishi G6M1-L21941 Japan
Mitsubishi Ki-201932 Germany,
 Japan
Japan
Mitsubishi Ki-57/L4M1942 Japan
Mitsubishi L3Y1935 Japan
Nakajima Ki-4[7]1934 JapanJapan, Manchukuo
Nakajima Ki-34/L1N11936 Japan
Percival Petrel1937 United Kingdom
Potez 621935 France
Potez 6501937 France
Savoia-Marchetti S.731934 ItalyItaly, Belgium, UK
Savoia-Marchetti SM.751938 ItalyItaly, Hungary, Germany
Savoia-Marchetti SM.821940 ItalyItaly, Germany
Savoia-Marchetti S.831938 ItalyItaly, Belgium
Short Stirling[6][notes 27]1943 United Kingdom
Showa/Nakajima L2D (modified licence-built DC-3)1939 Japan
Siebel Si 2041942 Germany
Tachikawa Ki-541940 Japan
Tupolev ANT-91931 Soviet UnionUSSR, Turkey
Yokosuka L3Y1935 Japan

Communications, liaison and light transport aircraft

Many aircraft in this category were pressed into service and some served in very small numbers. The country of origin (listed first) may not itself have used it in a military capacity, and the date represents its original entry into service, not when it was first used by a military organization.

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Aeronca L-31941 United StatesUS, Brazil
Airspeed Envoy1934 United KingdomUK, Finland, South Africa
AVIA FL.31939 ItalyItaly, Croatia, Germany
Barkley-Grow T8P-11937 United StatesCanada
Beechcraft 17 Staggerwing/UC-43 Traveler1933 United StatesUS, Australia, Brazil, UK, New Zealand
Beechcraft Model 18/C-45/JRB/SNB/AT-7/AT-11 Expeditor[notes 28]1937 United StatesUS, Brazil, Canada, France, UK
Beneš-Mráz Be-555 Super Bibi1936 Czechoslovakia
Bloch MB.81 ambulance aircraft1935 France
Bloch MB.120 mailplane1935 France
Breda Ba.441934 Italy
CAP CAP-4 Paulista1935 Brazil
Caproni Ca.1641938 ItalyFrance
Caudron C.2721931 France
Caudron C.280/C.400/C.4101932 France
Caudron C.440 Goéland1934 FranceFrance, Belgium, Germany
Caudron C.480 Frégate1935 France
Caudron C.600 Aiglon1935 France
Caudron C.635 Simoun1935 France
Cessna 1651935 United StatesUS, Australia, Finland
de Havilland DH.501923 United KingdomAustralia
de Havilland Dragon1934 United KingdomUK, Iraq, New Zealand
de Havilland Dragon Rapide/Dominie1934 United KingdomUK, Australia, Belgium, Denmark, Iraq, New Zealand, US
de Havilland Dragonfly1936 United KingdomUK, Australia, Denmark, Iraq
de Havilland Express1934 United KingdomUK, Australia, New Zealand
de Havilland Flamingo1939 United Kingdom
de Havilland Fox Moth1932 United KingdomUK, Australia, New Zealand
de Havilland Leopard Moth1933 United KingdomUK, Australia, Belgium
de Havilland Moth Minor1937 United KingdomUK, Australia, New Zealand
de Havilland Puss Moth1930 United KingdomUK, Canada, Iraq, New Zealand
Fairchild 24 Argus/UC-61 Forwarder1932 United StatesUS, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Thailand, UK
Fairchild 711926 United StatesCanada
Fairchild FC-21926 United StatesCanada
Fairchild Super 711934 Canada
Farman F.1901928 France
Farman F.4021934 France
Fieseler Fi 156 Storch1936 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria, Finland, Yugoslavia
Foster Wikner Wicko1936 United KingdomUK, New Zealand
Fleet Freighter1938 Canada
Hanriot H.1821934 France
Harlow C-80/PJC-21937 United StatesUS, UK
Howard UC-70/GH Nightingale1939 United States
Junkers F 13[notes 29]1920 GermanyFinland
Junkers W 34 & K 431926 GermanyGermany, Australia, Finland, Norway
Interstate Cadet/L-6 Grasshopper1942 United StatesUS, Norway
Kokusai Ki-761942 Japan
Laville PS-891935 Soviet Union
Lockheed UC-101 Vega1928 United StatesUS, Australia
Lockheed UC-85 Orion1931 United States
Lockheed 10/C-36 Electra1935 United StatesUS, Canada, UK
Lockheed 12/UC-40 Electra Junior1936 United StatesUS, Canada, Netherlands, UK
Miles Falcon1934 United KingdomUK, Australia
Miles Merlin1935 United KingdomUK, Australia
Miles Mentor1938 United Kingdom
Miles Messenger1942 United Kingdom
Miles Whitney Straight1936 United KingdomUK, New Zealand
Mitsubishi K3M1931 Japan
Noorduyn Norseman1935 CanadaCanada, Australia, Brazil, US
Northrop Delta[3]1933 United StatesCanada, Australia
Moskalyev SAM-51935 Soviet Union
Percival Gull1932 United KingdomUK, New Zealand
Percival Proctor1939 United Kingdom
Percival Vega Gull1935 United KingdomUK, Australia, Belgium, New Zealand
Piper J-3, L-4, O-59 and NE-11938 United StatesUS, Brazil
Piper J-41938 United StatesUS, UK
Porterfield 351935 United StatesUS, New Zealand
Potez 291927 France
Potez 561934 France
Potez 581934 France
Rearwin Sportster1935 United StatesUS, New Zealand, Thailand
SAI KZ II1937 Denmark
SAIMAN 2021939 ItalyItaly, Croatia
Shcherbakov Shche-21943 Soviet Union
Polikarpov U-21927 Soviet Union
Putilov Stal-31933 Soviet Union
RWD 131935 PolandPoland, Romania
Spartan UC-71 Executive1936 United StatesUS, UK, Canada, China
Stinson L-1/O-49 Vigilant1941 United StatesUS, UK
Stinson L-5 Sentinel1942 United StatesUS, UK
Stinson UC-81 Reliant1933 United StatesUS, Australia, Norway, Philippines, UK
Stinson Voyager1939 United StatesUS, Canada, France
Taylorcraft Auster1942 United KingdomUK, Australia
Taylorcraft L-21941 United States
Tugan Gannet1935 Australia
Tupolev PS-351937 Soviet Union
Waco UC-72 (and other Waco variants)1930s United StatesUS, Australia, Brazil, New Zealand, Norway, UK
Yakovlev Yak-61942 Soviet Union

Transport gliders

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Airspeed Horsa1942 United KingdomUK, US
Antonov A-71942 Soviet Union
DFS 2301938 Germany
de Havilland Australia DHA-G1942 Australia
General Aircraft Hamilcar1942 United Kingdom
Gotha Go 2421941 Germany
Gribovski G-111941 Soviet Union
Kokusai Ku-81941 Japan
Kolesnikov-Tsibin KC-201942 Soviet Union
Maeda Ku-11941 Japan
Messerschmitt Me 321 Gigant1941 Germany
Slingsby Hengist1942 United Kingdom
Waco CG-31942 United States
Waco CG-4/Hadrian1942 United StatesUS, UK
Waco CG-131945 United States
Waco CG-151943 United States

Trainers

Primary trainers are used for basic flight training. Advanced trainers were used for familiarization with the more complex systems and higher speeds of combat aircraft, and for air combat or aerobatic training. Multi-engined trainers were used to ready pilots for flying multi-engine bombers and transports, and to train navigators, bombardiers, gunners and flight engineers. Most nations used obsolete combat types for advanced training, although large scale training programs such as the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCATP) required more aircraft than were available and aircraft were designed and built specifically to fulfill training roles. Intermediate trainers were used in several countries to reduce the attrition associated with the step up to advanced trainers but additional hours at the primary stage reduced the requirement.

Glider trainers

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
DFS SG 38 Schulgleiter primary training glider1938 GermanyGermany, Japan + many others...
General Aircraft Hotspur assault glider trainer1940 United Kingdom
Laister-Kauffman TG-41941 United States
Slingsby Kirby Cadet1935 United Kingdom
Schweizer TG-31942 United States
Schweizer TG-2/LNS-11938 United States
Schneider Grunau Baby1931 GermanyGermany, Denmark

Primary trainers

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
ANBO IV1934 Lithuania
Avro 5041913 United KingdomGreece, Thailand
Avro 6261930 United KingdomUK, Belgium, Canada, Greece, New Zealand
Avro 643 Cadet1932 United KingdomUK, Australia, China
Avro Tutor1933 United KingdomUK, Canada, Denmark
Beneš-Mráz Be-50 Beta-Minor1935 CzechoslovakiaGermany, Slovakia
Blackburn B-21932 United Kingdom
Boeing-Stearman Model 73/75/PT-13/PT-17/PT-18/NS/N2S Kaydet1934 United StatesUS, Brazil, Canada, China, Philippines
Breda Ba.25 & Ba.281932 ItalyItaly, Hungary, China, Norway
Bücker Bü 131, Ki-86, K9W11935 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria, Japan, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia...
Bücker Bü 1811940 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria
CAC Wackett1941 Australia
DAR 9 Siniger1940 BulgariaBulgaria, Yugoslavia
de Havilland DH.60 Moth1925 United KingdomUK, Australia, Denmark, Finland, Iraq, New Zealand, Norway
de Havilland Tiger Moth[notes 30]1932 United KingdomUK, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, India, Iraq, New Zealand, Norway
Fairchild PT-19/23/26 Cornell1940 United StatesUS, Brazil, Canada, Norway
Fleet Fawn1931 CanadaCanada, Brazil
Fleet 10/16/Finch1939 CanadaCanada, China, Brazil, Romania
Focke-Wulf Fw 441932 GermanyGermany, Brazil, Bulgaria, China, Czechoslovakia, Finland, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia
Fokker S.IV1924 Netherlands
Fokker S.IX1937 Netherlands
Gotha Go 1451935 Germany
Hanriot H.431928 France
Hanriot H.161930 France
Heinkel He 721933 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria
Klemm Kl 251928 GermanyGermany, Norway
Koolhoven F.K.511935 Netherlands
Letov Š-2181930 CzechoslovakiaFinland
Meyers OTW CPTP trainer1936 United States
Miles Hawk1933 United KingdomUK, New Zealand
Miles Magister1937 United KingdomUK, Norway
Morane-Saulnier MS.2301930 FranceFrance, Germany, Greece
Morane-Saulnier MS.3151932 France
Mráz Zobor I[8]1942 Slovakia
Naval Aircraft Factory N3N Canary1936 United States
North American NA-161935 United StatesChina, Brazil
North American BT-9/BT-14/NJ1936 United States
Piper J-41938 United States
Ryan PT-16/20/21/22 Recruit1934 United StatesUS, Australia, Netherlands
Polikarpov Po-21929 Soviet Union
Praga E-391931 Czechoslovakia
Repülőgépgyár Levente II1943 Hungary
SAIMAN 2001940 ItalyItaly, Croatia, Germany
Spartan NP-11940 United States
Tachikawa Ki-91935 Japan
Tachikawa Ki-171936 Japan
Timm N2T Tutor1943 United States
VL Sääski1928 Finland
VL Viima1935 Finland
Vultee BT-13/15/SNV Valiant1939 United StatesUS, Brazil
Waco UPF-7/PT-14 CPTP trainer1930 United States
Weiss WM-10 Ölyv1933 Hungary
Yokosuka K5Y1934 Japan
Yakovlev UT-21937 Soviet Union
Zlín Z-XII1935 CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia, Germany, Slovakia, UK, Yugoslavia

Advanced trainers

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Ambrosini S.71943 Italy
Ambrosini SAI.10 Grifone1940 Italy
Arado Ar 65[7]1931 Germany
Arado Ar 661933 Germany
Arado Ar 68[7]1936 Germany
Arado Ar 961939 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania
Avia B.1221934 CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Germany, Romania, Slovakia, USSR
Bücker Bü 1331938 GermanyGermany, Yugoslavia
CAC Wirraway1939 Australia
Kaproni Bulgarski KB-2/3/4/51931 Bulgaria
Caudron C.6901939 France
Curtiss-Wright CW-22/SNC Falcon1942 United StatesUS, Netherlands
Focke-Wulf Fw 561935 Germany
Fokker D.XVII[7]1932 Netherlands
Hawker Hart Trainer1930 United Kingdom
IMAM Ro.411935 Italy
Koolhoven F.K.561938 NetherlandsNetherlands, Belgium
Messerschmitt Bf 1081935 GermanyGermany, Bulgaria, and many others
Mitsubishi A5M4-K[9]1936 Japan
Mitsubishi A6M2-K Zero[9]1940 Japan
Morane-Saulnier M.S.225[7]1933 France
Muniz M-91937 Brazil
Mansyu Ki-791937 Japan
Nardi FN.3051938 ItalyItaly, Romania, Hungary, France
Nardi FN.3161942 ItalyItaly, Germany
Nieuport-Delage NiD 62[7]1931 France
North American NA-571939 United StatesFrance, Germany
North American NA-64 Yale1940 United StatesCanada, France, Germany
North American T-6/SNJ Texan/Harvard[3]1935 United StatesUS, Brazil, Canada, India, New Zealand, Norway, UK...
Orlogsværftet O-Maskinen1926 Denmark
Praga BH-411931 Czechoslovakia
PWS-261937 PolandPoland, Romania, Germany
Rogožarski PVT1934 Yugoslavia
Rogožarski R-1001939 Yugoslavia
Rogožarski SIM-Х1937 Yugoslavia
Romano R.821937 France
SET 71931 Romania
Stampe et Vertongen SV.5 Tornado1933 BelgiumBelgium, Latvia
Tachikawa Ki-551940 JapanJapan, Thailand
Miles Master1939 United Kingdom
Svenska Aero Jaktfalken1930 SwedenFinland
VEF I-121935 Latvia
VL Tuisku1935 Finland
VL Pyry1941 Finland
Yakovlev UT-11936 Soviet UnionUSSR, China
Zmaj Fizir FN1931 YugoslaviaYugoslavia, Croatia, Italy
Zmaj Fizir FP-21936 YugoslaviaYugoslavia, Croatia, Italy

Bomber trainers, target tugs and misc. trainers

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Airspeed Oxford1937 United KingdomUK, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Norway
Avro Anson[notes 31]1936 United Kingdom
 Canada
UK, Canada, France, US
Blackburn Botha bomber trainer & target tug1939 United Kingdom
Bristol Buckmaster1945 United Kingdom
Beechcraft AT-10 Wichita1942 United States
Cessna AT-8/AT-17/UC-78/JRC Bobcat/Crane1939 United StatesUS, Brazil, Canada, France
Consolidated AT-22/TB-24 Liberator1943 United States
Curtiss AT-91941 United States
De Havilland Dominie radio trainer1940 United Kingdom
Fairchild AT-21 Gunner1943 United States
Fairey IIIF target tug1926 United Kingdom
Fairey Battle bombing/gunnery trainer/target tug1939 United KingdomAustralia, Canada, South Africa, UK
Fairey Gordon advanced trainer/target tug1931 United KingdomAustralia, UK
Fleet Fort intermediate trainer/radio trainer1941 Canada
Focke-Wulf Fw 581937 GermanyGermany, Brazil, Bulgaria, Croatia, Finland, Hungary, Netherlands, Romania
Hanriot H.2321940 FranceFrance, Finland
Hawker Henley target tug1938 United Kingdom
Kyushu K10W intermediate trainer/target tug1943 Japan
Kyushu K11W bomber crew trainer1943 Japan
Lockheed AT-18 Hudson1938 United StatesUS
LWS-6/PZL.30 Żubr[notes 32]1938 Poland
Martin AT-23/TB-261940 United States
Miles Martinet target tug1942 United Kingdom
Miles Mentor radio trainer1938 United Kingdom
Mitsubishi K7M1931 Japan
Nardi FN.315 intermediate trainer1938 Italy
North American AT-24/TB-25 Mitchell1941 United States
North American NA-64 Yale intermediate/radio trainer1940 United StatesCanada
Percival Proctor radio trainer1939 United Kingdom
Potez 56 crew trainer/target tug1936 France
Stinson AT-19 Reliant1933 United StatesUS, UK
Tachikawa Ki-541941 Japan
Westland Wallace radio trainer & target tug1933 United Kingdom
Yokosuka K4Y floatplane trainer1933 Japan

Rotorcraft

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Cierva C.30 autogyro1934 United KingdomUK, Belgium, France, Germany
Flettner Fl 282 helicopter1942 Germany
Focke-Achgelis Fa 330 autogyro kite[5]1943 Germany
Kamov A-7 autogyro1934 Soviet Union
Kayaba Ka-1 and Ka-2 autogyro1941 Japan
Pitcairn PA-39 autogyro[notes 33]1940 United StatesUK
Sikorsky R-4 helicopter1944 United StatesUS, UK
Sikorsky R-6 helicopter1945 United StatesUS, UK

Lighter than Air

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Goodyear G class blimp patrol blimp1935 United States
Goodyear K class blimp patrol blimp1938 United States
Goodyear L class blimp training blimp1938 United States
Goodyear M class blimp patrol blimp1944 United States

Rockets, Missiles and Drones

Name of aircraft Year
in service
Country of origin Operator(s)
if different from country of origin
Culver PQ-8 target drone1940 United States
Culver PQ-14 Cadet target drone1942 United States
Fieseler Fi 103R manned flying bomb1944 Germany
Interstate TDR assault drone (UCAV)1944 United States
Naval Aircraft Factory TDN assault drone (UCAV)1942 United States
V-1 Flying Bomb surface to surface cruise missile1943 Germany
V-2 rocket surface to surface ballistic missile1944 Germany
Yokosuka MXY7 Ohka manned flying bomb1945 Japan

Prototypes

Prototypes were aircraft that were intended to enter service but did not, either due to changing requirements, failing to meet requirements, other problems, or the end of the war. If the aircraft was deployed to regular squadrons or used in an operational capacity other than evaluation, it should be listed above under its appropriate type. Napkinwaffe - paper projects and aircraft that first flew after the war are not included.

Fighter prototypes

Single-engined, Single-seat fighters, fighter-bombers and jet fighters

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Aeronautica Umbra Trojani AUT.181939 Italy
Ambrosini SS.41940 Italycanard pusher-engine fighter
Ambrosini SAI.4031943 Italylightweight fighter
Avia B.351938 Czechoslovakia
Aviotehas PN-31939 Estonia
Bell XP-771944 United Stateslightweight fighter
Bell XP-831945 United Statesjet fighter
Bachem Ba 349 Natter1945 Germanyvertical launch point defence rocket interceptor
Bereznyak-Isayev BI-11942 Soviet Unionrocket fighter
Borovkov-Florov I-2071937 Soviet Unioncantilever-wing biplane fighter
Canadian Car and Foundry FDB-11938 Canadabiplane fighter
Caproni Vizzola F.41940 Italy
Caproni Vizzola F.51939 Italy
Caproni Vizzola F.61941 Italy
Curtiss XF14C1944 United Statesnaval fighter with liquid-cooled engine
Curtiss YP-371937 United States
Curtiss XP-421939 United States
Curtiss XP-461941 United States
Curtiss XP-53/YP-601942 United States
Curtiss XP-621943 United States
Curtiss-Wright XP-55 Ascender1943 United Statescanard pusher-engine fighter
de Havilland Vampire1943 United Kingdomjet fighter entered service post-war
Fokker D.XXIII1939 Netherlandspush/pull twin-engine fighter
Fiat G.561944 Italy
Horten Ho 2291944 Germanyjet flying wing fighter
Hawker Tornado1939 United Kingdom
Heinkel He 2801940 Germany
Henschel Hs 1321945 Germanyprone pilot jet fighter/dive bomber
Kawasaki Ki-601941 Japan
Koolhoven F.K.551938 Netherlandsburied-engine fighter
Kyushu J7W1945 Japancanard pusher-engine fighter
Martin-Baker MB 21938 United Kingdom
Martin-Baker MB 31942 United Kingdom
Martin-Baker MB 51944 United Kingdom
McDonnell FD Phantom1945 United Statesnaval jet fighter
Messerschmitt Me 2091938 Germanyracer/fighter
Messerschmitt Me 3091942 Germany
Messerschmitt Me 3281944 Germanypulse jet fighter
Mikoyan-Gurevich I-2501945 Soviet Unionmixed-power fighter
Miles M.201940 United Kingdomemergency fighter
Nakajima Ki-121936 JapanV12 fighter
Nakajima Kikka1945 Japanjet fighter
North American P-82 Twin Mustang1945 United Statestwin fuselage fighter too late for war
Northrop XP-56 Black Bullet1943 United Statestailless pusher fighter
Piaggio P.1191942 Italyburied radial-engine fighter
PZL.50 Jastrząb1939 Poland
Renard R-36/R-37/R-381938 Belgium
SNCAO 2001939 France
Tachikawa Ki-1061945 Japan
VEF I-161939 Latvialightweight fighter
VL Humu1944 Finland
VL Pyörremyrsky1945 Finland
Weiss-Manfred WM.23 Ezüst Nyíl1942 Hungary
Polikarpov I-1851941 Soviet Union
Polikarpov ITP1942 Soviet Union
Sukhoi Su-51945 Soviet Unionmixed-power fighter
Sukhoi Su-71944 Soviet Unionhigh-altitude interceptor

Heavy fighters (multi-engined or multi-seat) and night fighters

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Aichi S1A1945 Japannight fighter
Arado Ar 2401940 Germany
Arsenal-Delanne 101941 Francetandem-wing two-seat fighter
Boeing YB-40 Flying Fortress1943 United Stateslarge escort fighter
Boeing XF8B1944 United States
Boulton Paul P.921937 United Kingdom
SABCA S.471939 Italyfor Belgium
Consolidated XB-41 Liberator1942 United Stateslarge escort fighter
Consolidated Vultee XP-811945 United States
Fisher P-75 Eagle1943 United States
Gloster F.9/371939 United Kingdom
Grumman XF5F Skyrocket1940 United States
Grumman XP-501941 United States
Hawker Hotspur1938 United Kingdom
Hughes D-21943 United States
IMAM Ro.581942 Italy
Kawasaki Ki-641943 Japan
Kawasaki Ki-961943 Japan
Lockheed XP-491942 United States
Lockheed XP-58 Chain Lightning1944 United States
McDonnell XP-67 Bat1944 United States
Moskalyev SAM-131941 Soviet Union
Nikitin IS-11941 Soviet Union
Piaggio P.1191942 Italy
Polikarpov TIS1941 Soviet Union
PZL.38 Wilk1938 Poland
Republic XP-69/XP-721943 United States
Savoia-Marchetti SM.88, SM.91 and SM.921939 Italyheavy fighters
SNCASE SE.1001939 France
Sukhoi Su-61941 Soviet Union
Vickers Type 4321942 United Kingdom
Vultee XP-541943 United States

Bomber and attack aircraft prototypes

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Aero A.3001938 Czechoslovakia
ANBO VIII1939 Lithuania
Avia B-1581938 Czechoslovakia
Avro Lincoln1945 United Kingdomtoo late for war
Beechcraft XA-38 Grizzly1944 United States
Blackburn Firebrand1945 United Kingdomtoo late for war
Bloch MB.1621940 France
Boeing XB-151937 United States
Boeing XB-38 Flying Fortress1943 United States
Boeing XB-39 Superfortress1944 United States
Boeing XB-44 Superfortress1945 United States
Breguet 4621936 France
Breda Ba.751939 Italy
Breda Ba.2011941 Italy
Brewster XA-321943 United States
Bristol Brigand1944 United Kingdomtoo late for war
CAC Woomera1941 Australia
CANT Z.10111936 Italy
CANT Z.10181939 Italy
Caudron C.670 Typhon1935 Francelight bomber (derived from racer)
DAR 101939 Bulgaria
Dornier Do 191936 Germanycancelled heavy bomber, possibly used as transport
Dornier Do 3171943 Germanyheavy bomber
Douglas AD Skyraider1945 United Statestorpedo/dive bomber
Douglas BTD Destroyer1944 United States
Douglas XB-191941 United States
Douglas XA-42 Mixmaster1944 United Statesbomber with buried engines driving pusher propeller in tail
Focke-Wulf Fw 1911942 Germanymedium/heavy bomber
Fokker T.IX1939 Netherlands
Heinkel He 1191937 Germanyunarmed reconnaissance bomber
Henschel Hs 1301940 Germanyhigh altitude bomber
IAR 471942 Romania
Junkers Ju 2871944 Germany
Kaiser-Fleetwings XBTK1945 United Statesdive and torpedo bomber
Latécoère 2991939 Francecarrier-based version of Latécoère 298
Letov Š-501938 Czechoslovakia
Messerschmitt Me 2611940 Germanymaritime reconnaissance
Messerschmitt Me 2641942 Germany4 engined Amerika bomber
Nakajima G5N1941 Japan
Nakajima G8N1944 Japan
North American XB-281942 United States
Polikarpov NB1944 Soviet Union
PZL.46 Sum1939 Poland
Reggiane Re.20031941 Italy
Rikugun Ki-931945 Japan
Savoia-Marchetti SM.891942 Italy
Savoia-Marchetti SM.931944 Italy
SNCAO CAO.6001940 France
Supermarine Type 3221943 United Kingdom
Tachikawa Ki-741944 Japan
Vickers Windsor1943 United Kingdom
Vultee XA-411944 United States
Zmaj R-11940 Yugoslavia

Transport prototypes

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Blohm & Voss BV 1441944 Germanybuilt in France
Boeing 367 YC-97 Stratofreighter1944 United Statesbased on B-29, entered service in 1947
Burnelli UB-14/Cunliffe-Owen Clyde Clipper1939 United Statesprototype used by UK and France
Consolidated R2Y1944 United StatesPB4Y-2 with new fuselage
Curtiss-Wright C-76 Caravan1943 United Statesall wood construction transport with nose doors
Focke-Achgelis Fa 2231941 Germanytransport helicopter
Junkers Ju 3901943 Germanyheavy transport and maritime patrol
Kobeseiko Te-Gō1943 JapanSTOL spotter/liaison
Kokusai Ki-105 1945 Japanfuel transport
Praga E-2101937 Czechoslovakia
Savoia-Marchetti SM.951943 Italy
SNCASE Languedoc1939 France
Stout XC-1071941 United Statesflying car evaluated briefly by USAAF
Tachikawa Ki-771942 Japanvery long range light transport
Tachikawa Ki-921945 Japanheavy twin engine troop/cargo transport

Glider prototypes

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Allied Aviation XLRA1943 United Statesseaplane glider
Baynes Bat1943 United Kingdomexperimental tailless glider,
Blohm & Voss BV 40 1944 Germanyinterceptor glider
Bristol XLRQ1943 United States Seaplane glider
CAT TM-21943 Italy
Chase YCG-141945 United States
Cornelius XFG-11944 United States
DFS 3311942 Germany
Frankfort TG-11940 United States
General Airborne Transport XCG-161943 United States
Gotha Ka 4301943 Germany
Junkers Ju 3221941 Germany
Kokusai Ku-71942 Japan
Laister-Kauffman XCG-101942 United States
Maeda Ku-61945 Japan
Pratt-Read TG-321940 United States
Polikarpov BDP1943 Soviet Union
Slingsby T.201944 United Kingdom
St.Louis XCG-51942 United States
Antonov A-401942 Soviet Union
Yokosuka MXY51942 Japan

Trainer prototypes

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Airspeed Cambridge1941 United Kingdomadvanced trainer
AEKKEA-Raab R-291936 Greecebuilt for Spain but not completed
Boeing XAT-151942 United States
CAT QR.141943 Italy
de Havilland Don1938 United Kingdom
Fleetwings BT-121942 United States
Heston T.1/371938 United Kingdom
Ikarus Aero 21940 Yugoslavia
Ikarus MM-21941 Yugoslavia
Marinens Flyvebaatfabrikk/Høver M.F.121939 Norwayfloatplane trainer
Miles Monitor1944 United Kingdomtarget tug
Parnall 3821939 United Kingdom
PWS-33 Wyżeł 1938 Polandtwin-engined trainer
Reid and Sigrist R.S.1 1939 United Kingdomtwin-engined trainer
Reid and Sigrist R.S.3 1945 United Kingdomtwin-engined trainer
Rogozarski SIM-XI1938 Yugoslavia
St. Louis YPT-151940 United Statesprimary trainer
Stampe SV.41933 Belgiumbiplane trainer, flown before war, not used until after
Stearman XBT-171942 United Statesmonoplane trainer
Yakovlev Yak-51944 Soviet Union
Yokosuka D3Y1945 Japanbomber trainer

Rotorcraft prototypes

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Bell 30 1942 United StatesHelicopter
Focke-Achgelis Fa 2231942 Germanytwin rotor transport helicopter
Focke-Achgelis Fa 2251942 Germanyrotary wing glider
Hafner Rotabuggy1943 United Kingdomtowed autogyro jeep
Kellett KD-1/XO-60/YO-60 1934 United Statesautogyro
Landgraf H-2 1944 United StatesHelicopter
McDonnell XHJH Whirlaway 1944 United Stateshelicopter
Piasecki HRP Rescuer 1945 United Stateshelicopter
Platt-LePage XR-1 1941 United Stateshelicopter

Missile prototypes

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Blohm & Voss BV 143 1941 Germanyanti-ship missile
Blohm & Voss BV 246 1943 Germanyhagelkorn guided glide bomb
EMW C2 Wasserfall 1943 Germanyguided surface-to-air missile developed from V-2
Fletcher PQ-11 1941 United Statestarget drone/glide bomb
Republic-Ford JB-2 1944 United Statessurface-to-surface missile (V-1 copy)
McDonnell LBD Gargoyle1945 United Statesair-to-surface missile
Mistel 1943 Germanylarge air-to-surface missile with parasite guidance aircraft
Rheinmetall-Borsig Feuerlilie 1943 Germanysurface-to-air missile
Ruhrstahl X-41944 Germanyair-to-air missile

Miscellaneous prototypes

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Airspeed Fleet Shadower1940 United Kingdomlow speed shipborne aircraft for tracking enemy fleet visually
Bestetti BN-11940 Italyracer/fighter/liaison
Blackburn B-201940 United Kingdomlarge seaplane with retractable hull
Bloch MB.4801939 Francefloatplane
Blohm & Voss BV 1411938 Germanyasymmetrical tactical reconnaissance aircraft
Blohm & Voss BV 2381944 Germanyvery large transport flying boat
Boeing XPBB Sea Ranger1942 United Statespatrol seaplane
CANT Z.5111940 Italy
Caproni Ca.3161940 Italyfloatplane
Consolidated XP4Y Corregidor1939 United Statespatrol seaplane
DFS 2281944 Germanyhigh-altitude manned reconnaissance rocket
ERCO Ercoupe YO-551940 United StatesJATO tests
General Aircraft Fleet Shadower1940 United Kingdomlow speed shipborne aircraft for tracking enemy vessels
IMAM Ro.631940 Italy
Kawanishi E15K1941 Japanreconnaissance floatplane
Koolhoven F.K.491935 Netherlandsphoto survey
Loire-Nieuport 101939 Francepatrol floatplane
LWS-3 Mewa1938 Polandarmy cooperation
Nakajima Ki-1151945 Japankamikaze aircraft
Nihon L7P1942 Japantransport amphibian
Praga E-511938 Czechoslovakiatactical reconnaissance
SFAN 111940 Franceliaison
Short Seaford1944 United Kingdomimproved Sunderland, trials only
Short Shetland1944 United Kingdomlarge, long range reconnaissance flying boat
SNCAC NC.4-101939 Francefloatplane bomber/torpedo bomber
SNCAO 30 1938 Franceseaplane trainer
Tachikawa Ki-701943 Japanhigh speed photo reconnaissance aircraft
Tupolev MTB-21937 Soviet Unionfour-engine flying boat, cancelled after German invasion
Zveno SPB1938 Soviet Unionparasite fighter system with large bomber carrying 2-5 fighters

Experimental aircraft

Aircraft intended to prove a concept or idea and which were not intended or suitable for military service. Does not include operational aircraft modified for experimental purposes.

Flight behaviour research

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Armstrong Whitworth A.W.521945 United Kingdomflying wing
Cierva W.91945 United Kingdomexperimental helicopter
DFS 1941940 Germanyaerodynamic testbed for Messerschmitt Me 163
Göppingen Gö 91941 Germanytail mounted propeller testbed
Handley Page Manx1943 United Kingdomtailless aircraft
Hiller XH-441944 United Statescoaxial rotor helicopter
Hillson Bi-mono1941 United Kingdomslip wing testbed
Kayaba Ku-21940 Japantailless glider
Kayaba Ku-31941 Japantailless glider
Kawasaki Ki-781942 Japanhigh speed flight
Kellett XR-81944 United Statesintermesh rotor helicopter
Martin 162A Tadpole Clipper1937 United Stateshalf scale flyingboat
Miles M.301942 United Kingdomblended wing
Miles M.35 Libellula1942 United Kingdomtandem wing
Miles M.39B Libellula1943 United Kingdomtandem wing/canard
Northrop N-1M1941 United Statesflying wing
Northrop N-9M1942 United Statesflying wing
Piasecki PV-21943 United Stateshelicopter
Saro Shrimp1939 United Kingdomhalf sized flying boat
Tachikawa SS-11943 Japanhigh altitude research, pressurized cabin
Vought V-1731942 United Statesaerodynamic testbed for Vought XF5U which never flew
Yokosuka MXY61943 Japanaerodynamic testbed for Kyushu J7W
Yokosuka MXY8/Ku-131945 Japanaerodynamic testbed for Mitsubishi J8M rocket interceptor

Engine research

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Caproni Campini N.1 1940 Italyjet engine testbed
Folland Fo.108 1940 United Kingdompiston engine testbed
Gloster E.28/39 1941 United Kingdomjet engine testbed
Heinkel He 176 1939 Germanyrocket engine testbed
Heinkel He 178 1939 Germanyjet engine testbed

Misc research

Name of aircraft Year
first flight
Country of origin Notes
Akaflieg Berlin B 9 1944 Germanyprone pilot research
Heinkel He 1191937 Germanystreamlining
Piaggio P.111 1941 Italyhigh altitude Research

See also

References

Notes

  1. Built in Canada
  2. Developed from CAC Wirraway
  3. In service by VJ day
  4. Relegated to training
  5. Ordered by Thailand, disarmed and impressed as trainer
  6. Developed into Avro Lancaster
  7. Retired 1943
  8. Retired by Germany before war
  9. Heavy bomber, maritime patrol and transport
  10. Used for coastal patrol briefly before being relegated to transport duties.
  11. Retired by Japan before Dec. 1941
  12. Retired by US before war
  13. Developed from Lockheed 14 transport
  14. Developed from Lockheed 18 Lodestar transport
  15. Primarily used as trainer
  16. Second line duties during war
  17. Developed as North American P-51 Mustang fighter
  18. Relegated to training in France before war
  19. Bomber/transport
  20. Retired by US well before the war
  21. Obsolete fighter used for reconnaissance
  22. Not used by France
  23. Not used by Germany
  24. Designed as bomber, used as transport
  25. Powered development of Gotha Go 242 glider
  26. Bomber/Transport, RCAF bought 2 ex-inflight refuelling aircraft
  27. paratroop carrier and glider towing
  28. Also used as a trainer and photo reconnaissance.
  29. Retired by Germany before the war
  30. Built in Canada & elsewhere
  31. Monococque version developed in Canada
  32. Obsolete bomber used for training
  33. Not used by US

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 4 Retired 1942
  2. 1 2 3 Prototype used operationally
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Also built in Canada
  4. 1 2 3 Retired by UK before war
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Submarine aircraft
  6. 1 2 Later versions built as transports
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Obsolete combat aircraft used for training
  8. http://slovakaf.kpmzilina.sk/lietadla/zobor/zobor.sk.htm accessdate=26 June 2012
  9. 1 2 Variant specifically built as a trainer with two seat cockpit.

Bibliography

  • Andrade, John M. (1979). U.S. Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909. England: Midland Counties Publications. ISBN 0-904597-22-9. 
  • Camelio, Paul; Shores, Christopher (1976). Armee de l'Air - A Pictorial History of the French Air Force 1937-1945. Squadron/Signal 6006. Warren, MI: Squadron/Signal publications. ASIN B0006WGVZA. 
  • Francillon, Rene J. (1970). Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam. ISBN 0-370-00033-1. 
  • Francillon, Rene J. (1970). Royal Australian Air Force & Royal New Zealand Air Force in the Pacific. Aero Pictorials 3. Fallbrook CA: Aero Publishers Inc. LCCN 76-114412. 
  • Griffin, John A. (1969). Canadian Military Aircraft Serials & Photographs 1920 - 1968. Publication No. 69-2. Ottawa: Queen's Printer. 
  • Gunston, Bill (1980). Aircraft of World War 2. London: Octopus Books. ISBN 0-7064-1287-7. 
  • Jones, Lloyd S. (1975). U.S. Fighters Army-Air Force 1925 to 1980. Fallbrook, CA: Aero Publishers Inc. ISBN 978-0816892006. 
  • Mondey, David (2006). The Hamlyn Concise Guide to Axis Aircraft of World War II. London: Bounty Books. ISBN 0-7537-1460-4. 
  • Munson, Kenneth (1983). Fighters and Bombers of World War II. London: Peerage Books. ISBN 0-907408-37-0. 
  • Smith, J. Richard; Kay, Anthony L. (2002). German Aircraft of the Second World War. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-010-X. 
  • Swanborough, Gordon; Peter, Bowers (1990). US Navy Aircraft Since 1911. Putnam. ISBN 0-85177-838-0. 
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