List of Olympic Games host cities

This is a list of host cities of the Olympic Games, both summer and winter, since the modern Olympics began in 1896. Since then, summer games have usually  but not always  celebrated a four-year period known as an Olympiad. There have been 29 Summer Olympic Games held in 23 different cities, and 22 Winter Olympic Games held in 19 different cities. In addition, three summer and two winter editions of the Games were scheduled to take place but later cancelled due to war: Berlin (summer) in 1916; Helsinki (summer) and Garmisch-Partenkirchen (winter) in 1940; and London (summer) and Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy (winter) in 1944. The 1906 Summer Olympics were officially sanctioned and held in Athens. In 1949, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), decided to unrecognize the 1906 Games.[1] Three cities have been chosen by the IOC to host upcoming Olympic Games: Pyeongchang for the 2018 Winter Olympics, Tokyo for the 2020 Summer Olympics, and Beijing for the 2022 Winter Olympics.

In 2022, Beijing will become the only city that has held both the summer and winter Olympic Games. Seven cities have hosted the Olympic Games more than once: Athens (1896 and 2004 Summer Olympics), Paris (1900 and 1924 Summer Olympics), London (1908, 1948 and 2012 Summer Olympics), St. Moritz (1928 and 1948 Winter Olympics), Lake Placid (1932 and 1980 Winter Olympics), Los Angeles (1932 and 1984 Summer Olympics), and Innsbruck (1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics). Tokyo will join this list upon hosting the 2020 Summer Olympics, having previously hosted the summer games of 1964. In addition, Stockholm hosted the 1912 Summer Olympics and the equestrian portion of the 1956 Summer Olympics.[d] London became the first city to have hosted three Games with the 2012 Summer Olympics. The United States has hosted a total of eight Olympic Games, more than any other country, followed by France with five editions. Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the United Kingdom have each hosted three Games.

The Games have primarily been hosted in the continents of Europe (36 editions) and Americas (12 editions); eight Games have been hosted in Asia and two have been hosted in Oceania. In 2016, Rio de Janeiro became South America's first Olympic host city, while the African continent is yet to host the Olympic Games. Other major geographic regions which have not hosted the Olympics include the Middle East, the Indian subcontinent, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia.

Host cities are selected by the IOC membership, usually seven years in advance.[2] The selection process lasts approximately two years. In the first stage, any city in the world may submit an application to become a host city. After 10 months, the Executive Board of the IOC decides which applicant city will become official candidates as based on the recommendation of a working groups that reviews the applications. In a second stage, the candidate cities are investigated thoroughly by an Evaluation Commission, which then submits a final short list of cities to be considered for selection. The host city is then chosen by vote of the IOC session, a general meeting of IOC members.[3]

Olympic host cities

For individual summer and winter lists, see List of modern Summer Olympic Games and List of Winter Olympic Games.
City Country Continent Summer (Olympiad) Winter Year Opening Ceremony Closing Ceremony
Athens GreeceEuropeI1896April 6April 15
Paris FranceEuropeII1900May 14October 28
St. Louis[a] United StatesAmericasIII1904July 1November 23
Athens[b] GreeceEuropeSummer1906April 22May 2
London[c] United KingdomEuropeIV1908April 27October 31
Stockholm SwedenEuropeV1912May 5July 22
Berlin GermanyEuropeVI1916 Cancelled due to WWI[4]
Antwerp[h] BelgiumEuropeVII1920April 20September 12[5]
Chamonix FranceEuropeI1924January 25February 4[6]
Paris FranceEuropeVIIIMay 4July 27[7]
St. Moritz  SwitzerlandEuropeII1928February 11February 19[8]
Amsterdam NetherlandsEuropeIXMay 17August 12[9]
Lake Placid United StatesAmericas III1932February 4February 15[10]
Los Angeles United StatesAmericas XJuly 30August 14[11]
Garmisch-Partenkirchen Nazi GermanyEuropeIV1936February 6February 16[12]
Berlin Nazi GermanyEuropeXIAugust 1August 16[13]
Garmisch-Partenkirchen Nazi GermanyEuropeV1940 Cancelled due to WWII[4]
Helsinki FinlandEuropeXII
Cortina d'Ampezzo ItalyEuropeV1944
London United KingdomEuropeXIII
St. Moritz  SwitzerlandEuropeV1948January 30February 8
London United KingdomEuropeXIVJuly 29August 14
Oslo NorwayEuropeVI1952February 14February 25
Helsinki FinlandEuropeXVJuly 19August 3
Cortina d'Ampezzo ItalyEuropeVII1956January 26February 5
Melbourne
Stockholm[d]
 Australia
 Sweden
Oceania
Europe
XVINovember 22
June 10
December 8
June 17
Squaw Valley United StatesAmericasVIII1960February 18February 28
Rome ItalyEuropeXVIIAugust 25September 11
Innsbruck AustriaEuropeIX1964January 29February 9
Tokyo JapanAsiaXVIIIOctober 10October 24
Grenoble FranceEuropeX1968February 6February 18
Mexico City MexicoAmericasXIXOctober 12October 27
Sapporo JapanAsiaXI1972February 3February 13
Munich West GermanyEuropeXXAugust 26September 11
Innsbruck AustriaEuropeXII1976February 4February 15
Montreal CanadaAmericasXXIJuly 17August 1
Lake Placid United StatesAmericasXIII1980February 12February 24
Moscow Soviet UnionEurope[e]XXIIJuly 19August 3
Sarajevo YugoslaviaEuropeXIV1984February 7February 19
Los Angeles United StatesAmericasXXIIIJuly 28August 12
Calgary CanadaAmericasXV1988February 13February 28
Seoul South KoreaAsiaXXIVSeptember 17October 2
Albertville FranceEuropeXVI1992February 8February 23
Barcelona SpainEuropeXXVJuly 25August 9
Lillehammer NorwayEuropeXVII1994February 12February 27
Atlanta United StatesAmericasXXVI1996July 19August 4
Nagano JapanAsiaXVIII1998February 7February 22
Sydney AustraliaOceaniaXXVII2000September 15October 1
Salt Lake City United StatesAmericasXIX2002February 8February 24
Athens GreeceEuropeXXVIII2004August 13August 29
Turin ItalyEuropeXX2006February 10February 26
Beijing[f] ChinaAsiaXXIX2008August 8August 24
Vancouver CanadaAmericasXXI2010February 12February 28
London United KingdomEuropeXXX2012July 27August 12
Sochi RussiaEurope[e]XXII2014February 7February 23
Rio de Janeiro BrazilAmericasXXXI2016August 5August 21
Pyeongchang South KoreaAsiaXXIII2018February 9February 25
Tokyo JapanAsiaXXXII2020July 24August 9
Beijing  ChinaAsiaXXIV2022February 4February 20

Statistics

Host cities for multiple Summer and Winter Olympic Games

List of cities that hosted multiple editions of the Olympic Games
CityCountryContinentSummer OlympicsWinter Olympics Total
London United KingdomEurope3 (1908, 1948, 2012)03
Athens GreeceEurope3 (1896, 1906*, 2004)0
Beijing ChinaAsia1 (2008)1 (2022)2
Tokyo JapanAsia2 (1964, 2020)0
Los Angeles United StatesAmericas2 (1932, 1984)0
Lake Placid United StatesAmericas 02 (1932, 1980)
Innsbruck AustriaEurope02 (1964, 1976)
St. Moritz  SwitzerlandEurope02 (1928, 1948)
Paris FranceEurope2 (1900, 1924)0

Number of Olympic Games by country

Nations that have hosted the Summer Olympics
  4 times or more
  3 times
  2 times
  1 time
  Never held games
Nations that have hosted the Winter Olympics
  4 times or more
  3 times
  2 times
  1 time
  Never held games
List of countries ranked by the number of times they hosted the Olympic Games
RankCountryContinentSummer Olympics Winter OlympicsTotal
1 United StatesAmericas4 (1904, 1932, 1984, 1996)4 (1932, 1960, 1980, 2002)8
2 FranceEurope2 (1900, 1924)3 (1924, 1968, 1992)5
3 JapanAsia2 (1940, 1964, 2020) 2 (1940, 1972, 1998)4
4 CanadaAmericas1 (1976)2 (1988, 2010)3
 Greece Europe 3 (1896, 1906, 2004) 0
 ItalyEurope1 (1960)2 (1944, 1956, 2006)
 Nazi Germany/ West GermanyEurope2 (1916, 1936, 1972)1 (1936, 1940)
 United Kingdom Europe 3 (1908, 1944, 1948, 2012) 0
9  China Asia 1 (2008) 1 (2022) 2
 South KoreaAsia1 (1988)1 (2018)
 Soviet Union/ RussiaEurope1 (1980)1 (2014)
 AustraliaOceania2 (1956, 2000)0
 NorwayEurope02 (1952, 1994)
 AustriaEurope02 (1964, 1976)
  SwitzerlandEurope02 (1928, 1940, 1948)
16 BrazilAmericas1 (2016)01
 SpainEurope1 (1992)0
 SFR Yugoslavia/ Bosnia and HerzegovinaEurope01 (1984)
 MexicoAmericas1 (1968)0
 FinlandEurope1 (1940, 1952)0
 NetherlandsEurope1 (1928)0
 BelgiumEurope1 (1920)0
 SwedenEurope1 (1912)0

Notes

References

  1. Findling, John E.; Pelle, Kimberly D. (2004). Encyclopedia of the Modern Olympic Movement. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-313-32278-5.
  2. Group, Taylor Francis (2003). The Europa World Yearbook. Taylor and Francis Group. p. 247. ISBN 978-1-85743-227-5.
  3. "Choice of the Host City". olympic.org. International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2009-06-04.
  4. 1 2 Durántez, Conrado (April–May 1997). "The Olympic Movement, a twentieth-century phenomenon" (PDF). Olympic Review. XXVI (14): 56–57.
  5. "Antwerp 1920". olympic.org. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  6. "Chamonix 1924". olympic.org. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  7. "Paris 1924". olympic.org. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  8. "St. Moritz 1928". olympic.org. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  9. "Amsterdam 1928". olympic.org. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  10. "Lake Placid 1932". olympic.org. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  11. "Los Angeles 1932". olympic.org. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  12. "Garmisch-Partenkirchen 1936". olympic.org. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  13. "Berlin 1936". olympic.org. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  14. "St Louis 1904". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2008-07-29.
  15. "St. Louis gets Olympic Games; International Committee Sanctions the Change for the World's Fair in 1904" (PDF). The New York Times. 1903-02-12. Retrieved 2008-07-29.
  16. The 2nd International Olympic Games In Athens 1906, Karl Lennartz, Journal of Olympic History, Dec. 2001/Jan. 2002
  17. "Rome Games moved to London". realclearsports.com. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  18. "Stockholm/Melbourne 1956". Swedish Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2008-08-01.
  19. Tim Pile (June 25, 2008). "Hong Kong saddles up for the Olympics". London: The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2008-07-29.
  20. "2008 Beijing Olympic home page". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2008-05-04.

External links

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