List of Governors of Connecticut

Governor of Connecticut

Incumbent
Dannel Malloy
since January 5, 2011
Style His Excellency
Residence Connecticut Governor's Residence
Term length Four years
Inaugural holder Jonathan Trumbull
Deputy Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut
Salary $150,000 (2013)[1]
Website www.ct.gov/governor

The Governor of Connecticut is the elected head of the executive branch of Connecticut's state government. The current governor is Dan Malloy, who took office on January 5, 2011.

Governors

There have been 68 governors of the state, serving 72 distinct spans in office. The longest terms in office were in the state's early years, when four governors were elected to nine or more one-year terms. The longest was that of the first governor, Jonathan Trumbull, who served over 14 years, but 7 of those as colonial governor; the longest-serving state governor — with no other position included in the term — was his son, Jonathan Trumbull, Jr., who served over 11 years. The shortest term was that of Hiram Bingham III, who served only one day before resigning to take an elected seat in the U.S. Senate. Lowell P. Weicker, Jr., is noted for a rare third party win in American politics, having been elected to a term in 1990 representing A Connecticut Party.

Powers of the Governor

The Governor of Connecticut is the elected head of the executive branch of Connecticut's state government, and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor has a duty to enforce state laws, and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Connecticut General Assembly and to convene the legislature.[2] Unusual among U.S. governors, the Governor of Connecticut has no power to pardon.[3]

The Governor of Connecticut is automatically a member of the state's Bonding Commission. He is an ex-officio member of the Board of Trustees of the University of Connecticut and Yale University.

History of the Position

For the period before independence, see the list of colonial governors of Connecticut.

Connecticut was one of the original Thirteen Colonies and was admitted as a state on January 9, 1788.[4] Before it declared its independence, Connecticut was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain. Like most early states, Connecticut had claims to western areas, but did not cede all of its claims during the formation of the country like the other states. It maintained its Western Reserve until 1800, at which time it was reassigned to the Northwest Territory.[5]

Contemporary Rules

The current Constitution of Connecticut, ratified in 1965, calls for a four-year term for the governor,[6] commencing on the Wednesday after the first Monday in the January following an election.[7] The previous constitution of 1818 originally had only a one-year term for governor; this was increased to two years in 1875,[8] and four years in 1948.[9] The 1875 amendment also set the start date of the term to its current date; before then, it was the first Wednesday in the May following an election.[10] The constitution provides for the election of a lieutenant governor for the same term as the governor. The two offices are elected on the same ticket; this provision was added in 1962.[11] In the event of a vacancy in the office of governor, the lieutenant governor becomes governor.[12] Before the adoption of the 1965 constitution, the lieutenant governor only acted as governor.[13] There is no limit of any kind on the number of terms one may serve.

Connecticut did not create a state constitution for itself until several decades after it became a state; until 1818, the state operated under the provisions of its colonial charter. The charter called for the election of a governor every year, but not more than once every two years, with the term commencing on the second Thursday in May.[14]

Parties

  A Connecticut Party (1)   American (1)   Democratic (22)[lower-alpha 1]   Democratic-Republican (2)   Federalist (7)   National Republican (1)   No party (1)   Republican (32)[lower-alpha 1]   Whig (6)

#[lower-alpha 2] Portrait Governor Term in office Party Term[lower-alpha 3] Lt. Governor[lower-alpha 4][lower-alpha 5]
16   Jonathan Trumbull October 10, 1776
–
May 13, 1784		 No party 1
(1776)
[lower-alpha 6]		   Matthew Griswold
2
(1777)
3
(1778)
4
(1779)
5
(1780)
6
(1781)
7
(1782)
8
(1783)
17 Matthew Griswold May 13, 1784
–
May 11, 1786		 Federalist 9
(1784)		 Samuel Huntington
10
(1785)
18 Samuel Huntington May 11, 1786
–
January 5, 1796		 Federalist 11
(1786)		 Oliver Wolcott
12
(1787)
13
(1788)
14
(1789)
15
(1790)
16
(1791)
17
(1792)
18
(1793)
19
(1794)
20
(1795)
[lower-alpha 7]
19 Oliver Wolcott January 5, 1796
–
December 1, 1797		 Federalist Jonathan Trumbull, Jr.
21
(1796)
22
(1797)
[17]
20 Jonathan Trumbull Jr. December 1, 1797
–
August 7, 1809		 Federalist John Treadwell
23
(1798)
24
(1799)
25
(1800)
26
(1801)
27
(1802)
28
(1803)
29
(1804)
30
(1805)
31
(1806)
32
(1807)
33
(1808)
34
(1809)
[lower-alpha 8]
21 John Treadwell August 7, 1809
–
May 9, 1811		 Federalist Roger Griswold[lower-alpha 9]
35
(1810)
22 Roger Griswold May 9, 1811
–
October 25, 1812		 Federalist 36
(1811)		 John Cotton Smith
37
(1812)
[lower-alpha 10]
23 John Cotton Smith October 25, 1812
–
May 8, 1817		 Federalist Chauncey Goodrich
(died August 18, 1815)
39
(1813)
40
(1814)
41
(1815)
Vacant
42
(1816)		 Jonathan Ingersoll[lower-alpha 11]
(died January 12, 1823)
24 Oliver Wolcott Jr. May 8, 1817
–
May 2, 1827		 Toleration
Republican		 43
(1817)
44
(1818)
45
(1819)
[lower-alpha 12]
46
(1820)
47
(1821)
48
(1822)
Vacant
49
(1823)		 David Plant[lower-alpha 13]
50
(1824)
51
(1825)
52
(1826)
25 Gideon Tomlinson May 2, 1827
–
March 2, 1831		 Democratic-
Republican		 53
(1827)		 John Samuel Peters[lower-alpha 13]
54
(1828)
55
(1829)
56
(1830)
[lower-alpha 14]
26 John Samuel Peters March 2, 1831
–
May 1, 1833		 National
Republican		 Thaddeus Betts
57
(1831)
58
(1832)
27 Henry W. Edwards May 1, 1833
–
May 7, 1834		 Democratic 59
(1833)		 Ebenezer Stoddard
28 Samuel A. Foot May 7, 1834
–
May 6, 1835		 Whig 60
(1834)		 Thaddeus Betts
29 Henry W. Edwards May 6, 1835
–
May 2, 1838		 Democratic 61
(1835)		 Ebenezer Stoddard
62
(1836)
63
(1837)
30 William W. Ellsworth May 2, 1838
–
May 4, 1842		 Whig 64
(1838)		 Charles Hawley
65
(1839)
66
(1840)
67
(1841)
31 Chauncey Fitch Cleveland May 4, 1842
–
May 1, 1844		 Democratic 68
(1842)		 William S. Holabird
69
(1843)
32 Roger Sherman Baldwin May 1, 1844
–
May 6, 1846		 Whig 70
(1844)		 Reuben Booth
71
(1845)
33 Isaac Toucey May 6, 1846
–
May 5, 1847		 Democratic 72
(1846)
[lower-alpha 15]		 Noyes Billings
34 Clark Bissell May 5, 1847
–
May 2, 1849		 Whig 73
(1847)		 Charles J. McCurdy
74
(1848)
35 Joseph Trumbull May 2, 1849
–
May 4, 1850		 Whig 75
(1849)		 Thomas Backus
36 Thomas H. Seymour May 4, 1850
–
October 13, 1853		 Democratic 76
(1850)		 Charles H. Pond
77
(1851)		 Green Kendrick
78
(1852)		 Charles H. Pond
79
(1853)
[20]
37 Charles H. Pond October 13, 1853
–
May 3, 1854		 Democratic Vacant
38 Henry Dutton May 3, 1854
–
May 2, 1855		 Whig 80
(1854)		 Alexander H. Holley
39 William T. Minor May 2, 1855
–
May 6, 1857		 American 81
(1855)		 William Field
82
(1856)		 Albert Day
40 Alexander H. Holley May 6, 1857
–
May 5, 1858		 Republican 83
(1857)		 Alfred A. Burnham
41 William A. Buckingham May 5, 1858
–
May 2, 1866		 Republican 84
(1858)		 Julius Catlin
85
(1859)
86
(1860)
87
(1861)		 Benjamin Douglas
88
(1862)		 Roger Averill
89
(1863)
90
(1864)
91
(1865)
42 Joseph R. Hawley May 2, 1866
–
May 1, 1867		 Republican 92
(1866)		 Oliver Winchester
43 James E. English May 1, 1867
–
May 5, 1869		 Democratic 93
(1867)		 Ephraim H. Hyde
94
(1868)
44 Marshall Jewell May 5, 1869
–
May 4, 1870		 Republican 95
(1869)		 Francis Wayland
45 James E. English May 4, 1870
–
May 16, 1871		 Democratic 96
(1870)		 Julius Hotchkiss
97
(1871)
[lower-alpha 16]
46 Marshall Jewell May 16, 1871
–
May 7, 1873		 Republican Morris Tyler
98
(1872)
47 Charles R. Ingersoll May 7, 1873
–
January 3, 1877		 Democratic 99
(1873)		 George G. Sill
100
(1874)
101
(1875)
[lower-alpha 17]
48 Richard D. Hubbard January 3, 1877
–
January 9, 1879		 Democratic 102
(1876)
[lower-alpha 18]		 Francis Loomis
49 Charles B. Andrews January 9, 1879
–
January 5, 1881		 Republican 103
(1878)		 David Gallup
50 Hobart B. Bigelow January 5, 1881
–
January 3, 1883		 Republican 104
(1880)		 William H. Bulkeley
51 Thomas M. Waller January 3, 1883
–
January 8, 1885		 Democratic 105
(1882)		 George G. Sumner
52 Henry B. Harrison January 8, 1885
–
January 7, 1887		 Republican 106
(1884)		 Lorrin A. Cooke
53 Phineas C. Lounsbury January 7, 1887
–
January 10, 1889		 Republican 107
(1886)		 James L. Howard
54 Morgan G. Bulkeley January 10, 1889
–
January 4, 1893		 Republican 108
(1888)		 Samuel E. Merwin
109
(1890)
[lower-alpha 19]
55 Luzon B. Morris January 4, 1893
–
January 9, 1895		 Democratic 110
(1892)		 Ernest Cady
56 Owen Vincent Coffin January 9, 1895
–
January 6, 1897		 Republican 111
(1894)		 Lorrin A. Cooke
57 Lorrin A. Cooke January 6, 1897
–
January 4, 1899		 Republican 112
(1896)		 James D. Dewell
58 George E. Lounsbury January 4, 1899
–
January 9, 1901		 Republican 113
(1898)		 Lyman A. Mills
59 George P. McLean January 9, 1901
–
January 7, 1903		 Republican 114
(1900)		 Edwin O. Keeler
60 Abiram Chamberlain January 7, 1903
–
January 4, 1905		 Republican 115
(1902)		 Henry Roberts
61 Henry Roberts January 4, 1905
–
January 9, 1907		 Republican 116
(1904)		 Rollin S. Woodruff
62 Rollin S. Woodruff January 9, 1907
–
January 6, 1909		 Republican 117
(1906)		 Everett J. Lake
63 George L. Lilley January 6, 1909
–
April 21, 1909		 Republican 118
(1908)
[lower-alpha 20]		 Frank B. Weeks
64 Frank B. Weeks April 21, 1909
–
January 4, 1911		 Republican Vacant
65 Simeon E. Baldwin January 4, 1911
–
January 6, 1915		 Democratic 119
(1910)		 Dennis A. Blakeslee[lower-alpha 21]
120
(1912)		 Lyman T. Tingier
66 Marcus H. Holcomb January 6, 1915
–
January 5, 1921		 Republican 121
(1914)		 Clifford B. Wilson
122
(1916)
123
(1918)
67 Everett J. Lake January 5, 1921
–
January 3, 1923		 Republican 124
(1920)		 Charles A. Templeton
68 Charles A. Templeton January 3, 1923
–
January 7, 1925		 Republican 125
(1922)		 Hiram Bingham III
69 Hiram Bingham III January 7, 1925
–
January 8, 1925		 Republican 126
(1924)
[lower-alpha 22]		 John H. Trumbull
70 John H. Trumbull January 8, 1925
–
January 7, 1931		 Republican J. Edwin Brainard[lower-alpha 23]
127
(1926)
128
(1928)		 Ernest E. Rogers
71 Wilbur Lucius Cross January 7, 1931
–
January 4, 1939		 Democratic 129
(1930)		 Samuel R. Spencer[lower-alpha 21]
130
(1932)		 Roy C. Wilcox[lower-alpha 21]
131
(1934)		 T. Frank Hayes
132
(1936)
72 Raymond E. Baldwin January 4, 1939
–
January 8, 1941		 Republican 133
(1938)		 James L. McConaughy
73 Robert A. Hurley January 8, 1941
–
January 6, 1943		 Democratic 134
(1940)		 Odell Shepard
74 Raymond E. Baldwin January 6, 1943
–
December 27, 1946		 Republican 135
(1942)		 William L. Hadden
136
(1944)
[lower-alpha 24]		 Charles W. Snow[lower-alpha 25]
75 Charles W. Snow December 27, 1946
–
January 8, 1947		 Democratic Vacant
76 James L. McConaughy January 8, 1947
–
March 7, 1948		 Republican 137
(1946)
[lower-alpha 26]		 James C. Shannon
77 James C. Shannon March 7, 1948
–
January 5, 1949		 Republican Robert E. Parsons[lower-alpha 23]
78 Chester Bowles January 5, 1949
–
January 3, 1951		 Democratic 138
(1948)		 William T. Carroll
79 John Davis Lodge January 3, 1951
–
January 5, 1955		 Republican 139
(1950)
[lower-alpha 27]		 Edward N. Allen
80 Abraham A. Ribicoff January 5, 1955
–
January 21, 1961		 Democratic 140
(1954)		 Charles W. Jewett
141
(1958)
[lower-alpha 28]		 John N. Dempsey
81 John N. Dempsey January 21, 1961
–
January 6, 1971		 Democratic Anthony J. Armentano[lower-alpha 23]
142
(1962)		 Samuel J. Tedesco
(resigned January 15, 1966)
Fred J. Doocy[lower-alpha 29]
143
(1966)		 Attilio R. Frassinelli
82 Thomas J. Meskill January 6, 1971
–
January 8, 1975		 Republican 144
(1970)		 T. Clark Hull
(resigned June 1, 1973)
Peter L. Cashman[lower-alpha 29]
83 Ella T. Grasso January 8, 1975
–
December 31, 1980		 Democratic 145
(1974)		 Robert K. Killian
146
(1978)
[lower-alpha 30]		 William A. O'Neill
84 William A. O'Neill December 31, 1980
–
January 9, 1991		 Democratic Joseph J. Fauliso[lower-alpha 29]
147
(1982)
148
(1986)
85 Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. January 9, 1991
–
January 4, 1995		 A Connecticut Party 149
(1990)		 Eunice Groark
86 John G. Rowland January 4, 1995
–
July 1, 2004		 Republican 150
(1994)		 Jodi Rell
151
(1998)
152
(2002)
[lower-alpha 31]
87 Jodi Rell July 1, 2004
–
January 5, 2011		 Republican Kevin Sullivan[lower-alpha 25][lower-alpha 29]
153
(2006)		 Michael Fedele
88 Dannel Malloy January 5, 2011
–
Incumbent		 Democratic 154
(2010)		 Nancy Wyman
155
(2014)
[lower-alpha 32]

Other high offices held

Thirty-three governors have served other high office, including four Cabinet secretaries (one of whom served in two different departments) and four ambassadors. One served as a judge on a U.S. Court of Appeals. Three represented Connecticut in the Continental Congress and 28 have represented the state in the U.S. Congress, including one Speaker of the House. Four (marked with *) resigned to take other offices, and one (marked with dagger) resigned his seat in the U.S. House to take office as governor.

All representatives and senators listed represented Connecticut.

Governor Gubernatorial term Other offices held Source
Huntington, SamuelSamuel Huntington 1786–1796 Continental Delegate (including President of the Continental Congress) [25]
Wolcott, OliverOliver Wolcott 1796–1797 Continental Delegate [26]
Trumbull, Jr., JonathanJonathan Trumbull, Jr. 1797–1809 Representative (including Speaker of the House), Senator [27]
Treadwell, JohnJohn Treadwell 1809–1811 Continental Delegate [28]
Griswold, RogerRoger Griswold 1811–1812 Representative [29]
Smith, John CottonJohn Cotton Smith 1812–1817 Representative [30]
Wolcott, Jr., OliverOliver Wolcott, Jr. 1817–1827 Secretary of the Treasury [31]
Tomlinson, GideonGideon Tomlinson 1827–1831 Representative, Senator* [32]
Edwards, Henry W.Henry W. Edwards 1833–1834
1835–1838		 Representative, Senator [33]
Foot, Samuel A.Samuel A. Foot 1834–1835 Representativedagger, Senator [34]
Ellsworth, William W.William W. Ellsworth 1838–1842 Representative [35]
Cleveland, Chauncey FitchChauncey Fitch Cleveland 1842–1843 Representative [36]
Baldwin, Roger ShermanRoger Sherman Baldwin 1844–1846 Senator [37]
Toucey, IsaacIsaac Toucey 1846–1847 Representative, Senator, Attorney General, Secretary of the Navy [19]
Trumbull, JosephJoseph Trumbull 1849–1850 Representative [38]
Seymour, Thomas HartThomas Hart Seymour 1850–1853 Representative, Minister to Russia* [39]
Buckingham, William A.William A. Buckingham 1858–1866 Senator [40]
Hawley, Joseph R.Joseph R. Hawley 1866–1867 Representative, Senator [41]
English, James E.James E. English 1867–1869
1870–1871		 Representative, Senator [42]
Jewell, MarshallMarshall Jewell 1869–1870
1871–1873		 Minister to Russia, Postmaster General [43]
Hubbard, Richard D.Richard D. Hubbard 1878–1879 Representative [44]
Bulkeley, Morgan G.Morgan G. Bulkeley 1889–1893 Senator [45]
McLean, George P.George P. McLean 1901–1903 Senator [46]
Lilley, George L.George L. Lilley 1909 Representative [47]
Bingham III, HiramHiram Bingham III 1925 Senator [48]
Baldwin, Raymond E.Raymond E. Baldwin 1939–1941
1943–1946		 Senator* [49]
Bowles, ChesterChester Bowles 1949–1951 Representative, Ambassador to India, Ambassador to Nepal [50]
Lodge, John DavisJohn Davis Lodge 1951–1955 Representative, Ambassador to Argentina, Ambassador to Spain, Ambassador to Switzerland [51]
Ribicoff, Abraham A.Abraham A. Ribicoff 1955–1961 Representative, Senator, Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare* [52]
Meskill, Thomas J.Thomas J. Meskill 1971–1975 Representative, Second Circuit Court Judge [53]
Grasso, Ella T.Ella T. Grasso 1975–1980 Representative [54]
Weicker, Jr., Lowell P.Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. 1991–1995 Representative, Senator [55]
Rowland, John G.John G. Rowland 1995–2004 Representative [56]

Living former governors

There are three living former governors of Connecticut, the oldest being Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. (served 1991–1995, born 1931). The most recent death of a former governor was that of William O'Neill (served 1980–1991, born 1930), who died on November 24, 2007.

Governor Gubernatorial term Date of birth (and age)
Lowell P. Weicker, Jr. 1991–1995 May 16, 1931
John G. Rowland 1995–2004 May 24, 1957
M. Jodi Rell 2004–2011 June 16, 1946

Notes

  1. 1 2 Includes two terms served by repeat governors.
  2. ↑ According to the Connecticut State Library, the official listing goes back to the first governor of Connecticut Colony in 1639, and did not include repeat governors serving non-consecutive terms in the colonial period; this makes Trumbull the 16th governor.[15] The official numbering since statehood includes repeat and acting governors.
  3. ↑ Each term for which a governor is elected is listed here; if multiple governors served in a single term, due to resignations, deaths, and the like, then that term will be shared among those governors. If a governor was elected multiple times, then there will be multiple terms listed for that governor.
  4. ↑ The office of Lieutenant Governor was known as Deputy-Governor under the colonial charter, but the name 'Lieutenant Governor' was predominantly used after independence.[14]
  5. ↑ Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
  6. ↑ The Connecticut General Assembly approved the United States Declaration of Independence on October 10, 1776, and resolved that the state's government would continue as established under the charter. So, as colonial governor, Jonathan Trumbull became state governor, serving roughly 14 years total.[16]
  7. ↑ Huntington died in office; as lieutenant governor, Wolcott acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  8. ↑ Trumbull died in office; as lieutenant governor, Treadwell acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  9. ↑ Appointed by the general assembly to fill the vacant Lieutenant Governor office.[18]
  10. ↑ Griswold died in office; as lieutenant governor, Smith acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  11. ↑ Represented the Democratic-Republican Party.
  12. ↑ The 1818 constitution took effect starting with this term, moving the start date of the term from May 13 to May 5.
  13. 1 2 Represented the National Republican Party.
  14. ↑ Tomlinson esigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate; as lieutenant governor, Peters acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  15. ↑ Toucey lost the election, but was appointed governor by the state legislature.[19]
  16. ↑ James English won the popular vote, but a canvassing committee found the election was fraudulent, and named Jewell governor several days into the term.[21]
  17. ↑ The end date of this term was moved back to January 3, 1877, due to the adoption of the 26th amendment to the state constitution, lengthening the term by 7 months.
  18. ↑ The 26th amendment to the state constitution took effect with this term, increasing term lengths to two years and moving the start date to January.
  19. ↑ Morgan Bulkeley did not run for re-election in 1890, but due to such a close contest and controversies, the results were not certified, and the legislature spent two years debating the issue; Bulkeley essentially served as governor by default.[22]
  20. ↑ Lilley died in office; as lieutenant governor, Weeks acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  21. 1 2 3 Represented the Republican Party.
  22. ↑ Bingham resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate; as lieutenant governor, Trumbull acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  23. 1 2 3 As president pro tempore of the state senate, filled vacancy in office of lieutenant governor.[18]
  24. ↑ Baldwin resigned to take an elected seat in the United States Senate; as lieutenant governor, Snow acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  25. 1 2 Represented the Democratic Party.
  26. ↑ McConaughy died in office; as lieutenant governor, Shannon acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  27. ↑ The 45th amendment to the state constitution took effect beginning with this term, lengthening terms to four years.
  28. ↑ Ribicoff resigned to become U.S. Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare; as lieutenant governor, Dempsey acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  29. 1 2 3 4 As president pro tempore of the state senate, became lieutenant governor.[18]
  30. ↑ Grasso resigned due to ovarian cancer; as lieutenant governor, O'Neill became governor.
  31. ↑ Rowland resigned due to a federal corruption investigation;[23] he later pleaded guilty to corruption.[24] As lieutenant governor, Rell became governor.
  32. ↑ Governor Malloy's second term expires on January 9, 2019.

References

General
Constitutions
Specific
  1. ↑ "CSG Releases 2013 Governor Salaries". The Council of State Governments. June 25, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
  2. ↑ CT Const. art. IV
  3. ↑ "Pardons Power in Connecticut". Archived from the original on June 13, 2008. Retrieved June 13, 2008.
  4. ↑ "Today in History: January 9". Library of Congress. Retrieved February 21, 2009.
  5. ↑ "Research Guide to Connecticut's "Western Lands" or "Western Reserve"". Connecticut State Library. Retrieved February 21, 2009.
  6. ↑ CT Const. art. IV, § 1
  7. ↑ CT Const. art. IV, § 2
  8. ↑ 1818 Const. amendment XVI
  9. ↑ 1818 Const. amendment XLV
  10. ↑ 1818 Const. art. IV § 1
  11. ↑ 1818 Const. new amendment VII
  12. ↑ CT Const. art. IV § 19
  13. ↑ 1818 Const. art. IV § 14
  14. 1 2 1662 Charter
  15. ↑ "Roster of Connecticut Governors". Connecticut State Library. Retrieved April 4, 2008.
  16. ↑ "Jonathan Trumbull". Connecticut State Library. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
  17. ↑ Wolcott died in office; as lieutenant governor, Trumbull acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  18. 1 2 3 "Brief Descriptions of Connecticut State Agencies: Lieutenant Governor". Connecticut State Library. Retrieved 2009-03-10.
  19. 1 2 "Toucey, Issac". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  20. ↑ Seymour resigned to be U.S. Minister to Russia. As lieutenant governor, Pond acted as governor for the remainder of the term.
  21. ↑ "James Edward English". National Governors Association. Retrieved August 29, 2016.
  22. ↑ "Morgan Gardner Bulkeley". National Governors Association. Retrieved August 29, 2016.
  23. ↑ William Yardley; Stacey Stowe; Avi Salzman and Alison Leigh Cowan (June 22, 2004). "Connecticut's Governor Steps Down". The New York Times.
  24. ↑ Robert D. McFadden (December 24, 2004). "An Ex-Governor Says He's Guilty". The New York Times.
  25. ↑ "Huntington, Samuel". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  26. ↑ "Wolcott, Oliver". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  27. ↑ "Trumbull, Jonathan, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  28. ↑ "Treadwell, John". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  29. ↑ "Griswold, Roger". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  30. ↑ "Smith, John Cotton". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  31. ↑ "Oliver Wolcott". National Governors Association. Retrieved August 29, 2016.
  32. ↑ "Tomlinson, Gideon". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  33. ↑ "Edwards, Henry Waggaman". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  34. ↑ "Foot, Samuel Augustus". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  35. ↑ "Ellsworth, William Wolcott". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  36. ↑ "Cleveland, Chauncey Fitch". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  37. ↑ "Baldwin, Roger Sherman". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  38. ↑ "Trumbull, Joseph". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  39. ↑ "Seymour, Thomas Hart". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  40. ↑ "Buckingham, William Alfred". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  41. ↑ "Hawley, Joseph Roswell". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  42. ↑ "English, James Edward". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  43. ↑ "Marshall Jewell". National Governors Association. Retrieved August 29, 2016.
  44. ↑ "Hubbard, Richard Dudley". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  45. ↑ "Bulkeley, Morgan Gardner". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  46. ↑ "McLean, George Payne". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  47. ↑ "Lilley, George Leavens". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  48. ↑ "Bingham, Hiram". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  49. ↑ "Baldwin, Raymond Earl". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  50. ↑ "Bowles, Chester Bliss". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  51. ↑ "Lodge, John Davis". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  52. ↑ "Ribicoff, Abraham Alexander". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  53. ↑ "Meskill, Thomas Joseph". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  54. ↑ "Grasso, Ella Tambussi". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  55. ↑ "Weicker, Lowell Palmer, Jr.". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
  56. ↑ "Rowland, John". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Clerk of the United States House of Representatives and Historian of the United States Senate. Retrieved February 22, 2009.
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