Army Black Knights football

Army Black Knights football
2016 Army Black Knights football team
First season 1890
Athletic director Boo Corrigan
Head coach Jeff Monken
3rd year, 11–22 (.333)
Other staff Brent Davis (OC)
Jay Bateman (DC)
Stadium Michie Stadium
Seating capacity 38,000
Field surface FieldTurf
Location West Point, New York
NCAA division Division I FBS
Conference Independent
All-time record 657–495–51 (.567)
Bowl record 3–2 (.600)
Claimed nat'l titles 3 (1944, 1945, 1946)
Unclaimed nat'l titles 2 (1914, 1916)
Heisman winners 3
Consensus All-Americans 37
Current uniform
Colors Black, Gold, and Gray[1]
              
Fight song On Brave Old Army Team
Mascot Army Mules
Marching band United States Military Academy Band
Outfitter Nike
Rivals Air Force Falcons
Navy Midshipmen
Notre Dame Fighting Irish
Rutgers Scarlet Knights
Website GoArmySports.com

The Army Black Knights football team represents the United States Military Academy in college football. Army is currently a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) member of the NCAA. The Black Knights currently play their home games in West Point, New York at Michie Stadium, with a capacity of 38,000. Army is currently coached by Jeff Monken who is in his 3rd season as head coach. Army is a three time national champion, winning the title in 1944, 1945, and 1946.

With the exception of seven seasons (1998-2004) where the team was a member of Conference USA, Army has competed as an independent, meaning that they have no affiliation with any conference. Currently, Army is one of four schools in the FBS that does not belong to any conference; the other three being BYU, Notre Dame, and UMass. However, all four of these schools belong to conferences for all other sports. Army is primarily a member of the Patriot League, BYU is a member of the West Coast Conference, Notre Dame belongs to the Atlantic Coast Conference, and UMass belongs to the Atlantic 10 Conference.

Three players from Army have won the Heisman Trophy: Doc Blanchard (1945), Glenn Davis (1946), and Pete Dawkins (1958).[2]

History

Army's football program began on November 29, 1890, when Navy challenged the cadets to a game of the relatively new sport. Navy defeated Army at West Point that year, but Army avenged the loss in Annapolis the following year.[3] The academies still clash every December in what is traditionally the last regular-season Division I college-football game. The 2015 Army-Navy Game marked Army's fourteenth consecutive loss to Navy. From 1944 to 1950, the Cadets / Black Knights / the Corps had 57 wins, 3 losses and 4 ties. During this time span, Army won three national championships.[4]

Army's football team reached its pinnacle of success during the Second World War under coach Earl Blaik when Army won three consecutive national championships in 1944, 1945 and 1946, and produced three Heisman trophy winners: Doc Blanchard (1945), Glenn Davis (1946) and Pete Dawkins (1958).[5] Past NFL coaches Vince Lombardi[6] and Bill Parcells[7] were Army assistant coaches early in their careers.

The football team plays its home games at Michie Stadium, where the playing field is named after Earl Blaik. Cadets' attendance is mandatory at football games and the Corps stands for the duration of the game. At all home games, one of the four regiments marches onto the field in formation before the team takes the field and leads the crowd in traditional Army cheers.[8]

For many years, Army teams were known as the "Cadets." In the 1940s, several papers called the football team "the Black Knights of the Hudson." From then on, "Cadets" and "Black Knights" were used interchangeably until 1999, when the team was officially nicknamed the Black Knights.

Between the 1998 and 2004 seasons, Army's football program was a member of Conference USA, but starting with the 2005 season Army reverted to its former independent status.[9] Army competes with Navy and Air Force for the Commander-in-Chief's Trophy.

Michie Stadium

Main article: Michie Stadium

Michie Stadium is the home stadium of the Army Black Knights in West Point, New York, which was opened in 1924. The stadium is named after the first Army football head coach, Dennis Michie. In 1999 the field was renamed Blaik Field at Michie Stadium in honor of Former Coach Earl Blaik.

Traditions

Songs
Alma Mater is the Army's school song. Army's fight song is On, Brave Old Army Team. Army also plays other organized cheers; Army Rocket Yell, Black, Gold, and Gray, and USMA Cheer. [10]

Mascot
Army's mascot is Army Mules. The Army Mules date back to 1899, being officially adopted by Army in 1936. [11]

Rivalries

Commander-in-Chief's Trophy

Air Force, Army, and Navy have played each other every year since 1972 for the Commander-in Chief's Trophy. Air Force leads the FBS service academies with 19 victories, Navy has 15 victories, Army has 6 victories, and the trophy has been shared 4 times.

Air Force

Air Force and Army meet annually during the Commander-in-Chief's Trophy every year. Air Force leads Army 35-14-1 in overall meetings, and 32-12 in the Trophy series.

Navy

Main article: Army-Navy Game

Army and Navy play each other annually in the Army-Navy game, which is also a part of the Commander-in-Chief's Trophy. This series is one of the oldest and traditional rivalries in the NCAA. They first met in 1890, and have played each other annually since 1930. The games are generally played at a neutral site. Navy leads the series 60-49-7.

Notre Dame

Notre Dame is a rivalry which has fallen into obscurity. In much of the early 20th century, Army and Notre Dame were considered football powerhouses, and met 34 times between 1913 and 1947. Though the rivalry has slowed down they last met in 2010 and will be meeting again in 2016. Notre Dame leads the series 38-8-4.[12] Many media members considered the 1946 contest to be the "Game of the Century".[13]

Rutgers

This rivalry stems from 1891 with Army and Rutgers being two of the only three programs (a third is Navy) to come out of the original, informal "Ivy League" that are still members of the NCAA Division I FBS). ("See" Before There Was An Ivy League "and" Ivy League#History of the athletic league.) Army is Rutgers' second oldest active rivalry. Rutgers and Army has met 40 times since 1891 and Rutgers leads the series 22-18.

Coaches

Current coaching staff

Name Position First Year Position First Year Army Alma Mater
Jeff Monken Head Coach 2014 2014 Millikin
Jay Bateman Defensive Coordinator 2014 2014 Randolph-Macon
Brent Davis Offensive Coordinator/Offensive Line 2014 2014 Georgia
Bob Bodine Offensive Line/Tight Ends 2014 2014 Tulane
ShaDon Brown Cornerbacks 2016 2016 Campbellsville
Kevin Corless Inside Linebackers 2014 2014 Northwest Missouri State
Daryl Dixon Outside Linebackers 2016 2016 Florida
Keith Gaither Wide Receivers 2015 2015 Northern Michigan
John Loose Safeties 2014 20141 Ithaca College
Sean Saturnio Special Teams Coordinator 2014 2014 Hawaii
Mike Viti Fullbacks 2016 2016 Army
Mitch Ware Quarterbacks 2014 2014 Southwest Missouri State
Tucker Waugh Running Backs 2014 20072 DePauw
Chad Wilt Defensive Line 2016 2016 Taylor
Tim Caron Head Football Strength & Conditioning 2014 2014 Westfield State
Josh Christian-Young Defensive Quality Control 2016 2016 Central Missouri State
Brian Hess Assistant Football Strength & Conditioning 2016 2016 Springfield College (Mass)
Luis Nevarez, Jr. Director of Player Development 2016 2016 USC
Jansen Petagna Director of Scouting & On-Campus Recruiting 2016 2016 LSU
Brian Phillips Assistant Football Strength & Conditioning 2015 2015 Bridgewater State
Kevin Shearer Director of Video Operations
Scott Swanson Director of Strength & Conditioning 1999 1997 Wake Forest
Pat Tresey Offensive Quality Control 2016 2016 Mount St. Joseph
  1. John Loose was the linebackers coach at Army from 1992-1998
  2. Tucker Waugh was the wide receivers coach at Army from 2000-2004.

Head coaching records

Coach Seasons Games Wins Losses Ties Percentage
Hugh Mitchell (1918) 1 1 1 0 0 1.000
Geoffrey Keyes (1917) 1 8 7 1 0 .875
Ralph Sasse (1930–32) 3 32 25 5 2 .813
Joseph Beacham (1911) 1 8 6 1 1 .813
Dennis E. Nolan (1902) 1 8 6 1 1 .813
Charles Dudley Daly1 (1913–22) 8 74 58 13 3 .804
Henry L. Williams (1891) 1 7 5 1 1 .786
Biff Jones (1926–29) 4 40 30 8 2 .775
Earl Blaik (1941–58) 18 164 121 33 10 .768
Garrison H. Davidson (1933–37) 5 47 35 11 1 .755
John McEwan (1923–25) 3 26 18 5 3 .750
Henry Smither (1906–07) 2 10 7 2 1 .750
Leon Kromer (1901) 1 8 5 1 2 .750
Harry Nelly (1908–10) 3 22 15 5 2 .727
Edward Leonard King (1903) 1 9 6 2 1 .722
Harmon S. Graves (1894–95) 2 14 10 4 0 .714
Robert Boyers (1904–05) 2 18 11 6 1 .639
Herman Koehler (1897-1900) 4 33 19 11 3 .621
Dale Hall (1959–61) 3 29 16 11 2 .586
George P. Dyer (1896) 1 6 3 2 1 .583
Dennis Michie2 (1890–92) 1 6 3 2 1 .583
Jim Young (1983–90) 8 91 51 39 1 .566
Paul Dietzel (1962–65) 4 40 21 18 1 .538
Tom Cahill (1966–73) 8 81 40 39 2 .506
William H. Wood (1938–40) 3 28 12 13 1 .481
Ernest Graves, Sr.3 (1906–12) 2 16 7 8 1 .469
Bob Sutton (1991–99) 9 100 44 55 1 .445
Laurie Bliss (1893) 1 9 4 5 0 .444
Homer Smith (1974–78) 5 55 21 33 1 .391
Ed Cavanaugh (1980–82) 3 33 10 21 2 .333
Rich Ellerson (2009–13) 5 61 20 41 0 .328
Jeff Monken (2014–present) 3 28 9 19 0 .321
Bobby Ross (2004–06) 3 34 9 25 0 .265
Stan Brock (2007–08) 2 24 6 18 0 .250
Lou Saban (1979) 1 11 2 8 1 .227
Todd Berry (2000–03) 4 41 5 36 0 .122
John Mumford (2003) 1 6 0 6 0 .000
  1. Charles Dudley Daly coached did not coach the 1917-1918 seasons.
  2. Dennis Michie coached 1 game in 1890, and then coached a full season in 1892.
  3. Ernest Graves, Sr. coached the 1906 & 1912 seasons.

Championships

Army has won 3 national championships, two from the AP and one from Helms Athletic Foundation.

Year Coach Selector Record
1944 Earl Blaik Associated Press 9–0
1945 Earl Blaik Associated Press 9–0
1946 Earl Blaik Helms Athletic Foundation 9–0–1

Bowl games

Season Bowl Date Opponent Result
1984 Cherry Bowl December 22, 1984 Michigan State W 10–6
1985 Peach Bowl December 31, 1985 Illinois W 31–29
1988 Sun Bowl December 24, 1988 Alabama L 28–29
1996 Independence Bowl December 31, 1996 Auburn L 29–32
2010 Armed Forces Bowl December 30, 2010 SMU W 16–14

Season results

Year Coach Overall Conference Standing Bowl/playoffs Coaches# AP°
1890 Dennis Michie 0–1
1891 Henry L. Williams 4–1–1
1892 Dennis Michie 3–1–1
1893 Laurie Bliss 4–5
1894 Harmon S. Graves 3–2
1895 Harmon S. Graves 5–2
1896 George P. Dyer 3–2–1
1897 Herman Koehler 6–1–1
1898 Herman Koehler 3–2–1
1899 Herman Koehler 4–5
1900 Herman Koehler 7–3–1
1901 Leon Kromer 5–1–2
1902 Dennis E. Nolan 6–1–1
1903 Edward Leonard King 6–2–1
1904 Robert Boyers 7–2
1905 Robert Boyers 4–4–1
1906 Henry Smither
Ernest Graves		 3–5–1
1907 Henry Smither 6–2–1
1908 Harry Nelly 6–1–2
1909 Harry Nelly 3–2
1910 Harry Nelly 6–2
1911 Joseph Beacham 6–1–1
1912 Ernest Graves 5–3
1913 Charles Daly 8–1
1914 Charles Daly 9–0
1915 Charles Daly 5–3–1
1916 Charles Daly 9–0
1917 Geoffrey Keyes 7–1
1918 Hugh Mitchell 1–0
1919 Charles Daly 6–3
1920 Charles Daly 7–2
1921 Charles Daly 6–4
1922 Charles Daly 8–0–2
1923 John McEwan 6–2–1
1924 John McEwan 5–1–2
1925 John McEwan 7–2
1926 Biff Jones 7–1–1
1927 Biff Jones 9–1
1928 Biff Jones 8–2
1929 Biff Jones 6–4–1
1930 Ralph Sasse 9–1–1
1931 Ralph Sasse 8–2–1
1932 Ralph Sasse 8–2
1933 Gar Davidson 9–1
1934 Gar Davidson 7–3
1935 Gar Davidson 6–2–1
1936 Gar Davidson 6–3
1937 Gar Davidson 7–2
1938 William Wood 8–2
1939 William Wood 3–4–2
1940 William Wood 1–7–1
1941 Earl Blaik 5–3–1
1942 Earl Blaik 6–3
1943 Earl Blaik 7–2–1
1944 Earl Blaik 9–0
1945 Earl Blaik 9–0
1946 Earl Blaik 9–0–1
1947 Earl Blaik 5–2–2
1948 Earl Blaik 8–0–1
1949 Earl Blaik 9–0
1950 Earl Blaik 8–1
1951 Earl Blaik 2–7
1952 Earl Blaik 4–4–1
1953 Earl Blaik 7–1–1
1954 Earl Blaik 7–2
1955 Earl Blaik 6–3
1956 Earl Blaik 5–3–1
1957 Earl Blaik 7–2
1958 Earl Blaik 8–0–1
1959 Dale Hall 4–4–1
1960 Dale Hall 6–3–1
1961 Dale Hall 6–4
1962 Paul Dietzel 6–4
1963 Paul Dietzel 7–3
1964 Paul Dietzel 4–6
1965 Paul Dietzel 4–5–1
1966 Tom Cahill 8–2
1967 Tom Cahill 8–2
1968 Tom Cahill 7–3
1969 Tom Cahill 4–5–1
1970 Tom Cahill 1–9–1
1971 Tom Cahill 6–4
1972 Tom Cahill 6–4
1973 Tom Cahill 0–10
1974 Homer Smith 3–8
1975 Homer Smith 2–9
1976 Homer Smith 5–6
1977 Homer Smith 7–4
1978 Homer Smith 4–6–1
1979 Lou Saban 2–8–1
1980 Ed Cavanaugh 3–7–1
1981 Ed Cavanugh 3–7–1
1982 Ed Cavanaugh 4–7
1983 Jim Young 2–9
1984 Jim Young 8–3–1
1985 Jim Young 9–3
1986 Jim Young 6–5
1987 Jim Young 5–6
1988 Jim Young 9–3
1989 Jim Young 6–5
1990 Jim Young 6–5
1991 Bob Sutton 4–7
1992 Bob Sutton 5–6
1993 Bob Sutton 6–5
1994 Bob Sutton 4–7
1995 Bob Sutton 5–5–1
1996 Bob Sutton 10–2
1997 Bob Sutton 4–7
1998 Bob Sutton 3–8
1999 Bob Sutton 3–8
2000 Todd Berry 1–10
2001 Todd Berry 3–8
2002 Todd Berry 1–11
2003 Todd Berry
John Mumford		 0–13
2004 Bobby Ross 2–9
2005 Bobby Ross 4–7
2006 Bobby Ross 3–9
2007 Stan Brock 3–9
2008 Stan Brock 3–9
2009 Rich Ellerson 5–7
2010 Rich Ellerson 7–6
2011 Rich Ellerson 3–9
2012 Rich Ellerson 2–10
2013 Rich Ellerson 3–9
2014 Jeff Monken 4–8
2015 Jeff Monken 2–10
Total: 654–494–51
      National championship         Conference title         Conference division title
†Indicates Bowl Coalition, Bowl Alliance, BCS, or CFP / New Years' Six bowl.
#Rankings from final Coaches Poll.

[14]

College Football Hall of Fame

Other notable players

President of the United States and General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower and General of the Army Omar Bradley were on the 1912 Army football team. Eisenhower was injured and his football career was over by 1913, when the two future generals were juniors. Bradley, a star of the Army baseball team for four years, was on the field in 1913 when Notre Dame upset Army in an historic college football game in which the forward pass was used for the first time. Bradley played end opposite the legendary Knute Rockne, the Notre Dame end who later coached the Irish to national championships before dying in a plane crash near Bazaar, Kansas, on Easter Friday in 1931.

Award winners

Doc Blanchard – 1945
Glenn Davis – 1946
Pete Dawkins – 1958
Earl Blaik – 1946
Tom Cahill – 1966
Tom Cahill – 1966
Bob Sutton – 1996
Glenn Davis – 1944
Doc Blanchard – 1945
Pete Dawkins – 1958
Joe Steffy – 1947
Andrew Rodriguez – 2011
Andrew Rodriguez – 2011

See also

Future schedules

2016

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
September 3 at Temple Lincoln Financial Field • Philadelphia, PA    
September 10 Rice Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
September 17 at UTEP Sun Bowl stadium • El Paso, TX    
September 24 at Buffalo UB Stadium • Amherst, NY    
October 8 at Duke Wallace Wade Stadium • Durham, NC    
October 15 Lafayette Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 22 North Texas Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 29 at Wake Forest BB&T Field • Winston-Salem, NC    
November 5 Air Force Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
November 12 Notre Dame Alamodome • San Antonio, TX NBC    
November 19 Morgan State Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
December 10 at Navy M&T Bank Stadium • Baltimore, MD    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

2017

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
September 2 at Tulane Yulman Stadium • New Orleans, LA    
September 9 at Buffalo University at Buffalo Stadium • Amherst, NY    
September 16 at Ohio State Ohio Stadium • Columbus, OH    
September 23 at Rice Rice Stadium • Houston, TX    
September 30 Duke Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 7 UTEP Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 14 Eastern Michigan Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 21 Temple Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 28 at Notre Dame Notre Dame Stadium • South Bend    
November 11 Fordham Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
November 18 at North Texas Apogee Stadium • Denton, TX    
December 9 Navy Lincoln Financial Field • Philadelphia, PA    
TBD at Air Force Falcon Stadium • Colorado Springs, CO    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

2018

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
September 1 at Duke Wallace Wade Stadium • Durham, NC    
September 8 North Texas Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
September 15 Hawaii Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
September 22 at Oklahoma Gaylord Family Oklahoma Memorial Stadium • Norman, OK    
September 29 at Buffalo UB Stadium • Amherst, NY    
October 6 Lafayette Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 13 at San Jose State Spartan Stadium • San Jose, CA    
October 20 Miami (OH) Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 27 at Eastern Michigan Rynearson Stadium • Ypsilanti, MI    
November 17 Colgate Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
December 8 Navy TBD • TBD    
TBD Air Force Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

2019

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
August 29 Morgan State Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
September 7 at Michigan Michigan Stadium • Ann Arbor, MI    
September 14 at North Texas Apogee Stadium • Denton, TX    
September 21 Rice Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
September 26 at Temple Lincoln Financial Field • Philadelphia, PA    
October 5 Tulane Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 12 Western Kentucky Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 19 San Jose State Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
November 9 UMass Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
November 19 VMI Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
November 30 at Hawaii Aloha Stadium • Halawa, HI    
December 14 Navy TBD • TBD    
TBD at Air Force Falcon Stadium • Colorado Springs, CO    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

2020

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
September 5 Bucknell Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
September 12 at Rice Rice Stadium • Houston, TX    
September 19 at Tulane Yulman Stadium • New Orleans, LA    
September 26 Oklahoma Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 3 at Miami (OH) Yager Stadium • Oxford, OH    
October 10 North Texas Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 17 Eastern Michigan Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 24 Buffalo Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
November 14 at San Jose State Spartan Stadium • San Jose, CA    
November 21 at UMass TBA • TBA    
December 12 Navy TBD • TBD    
TBD Air Force Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

2021

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
September 4 at Georgia State TBD • Atlanta, GA    
September 11 at Western Kentucky Houchens Industries–L. T. Smith Stadium • Bowling Green, KY    
September 18 San Jose State Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
September 25 Miami (OH) Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 2 at Ball State Scheumann Stadium • Muncie, IN    
October 9 at North Texas Apogee Stadium • Denton, TX    
October 23 Wake Forest Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
November 13 Bucknell Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
November 20 UMass Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
December 11 Navy TBD • TBD    
at Air Force Falcon Stadium • Colorado Springs, CO    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

2022

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
September 24 Dartmouth Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 1 Georgia State Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
October 8 at Wake Forest BB&T Field • Winston-Salem, NC    
November 12 at UMass TBD • TBD    
November 19 Hawaii Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
December 10 at Navy TBA • TBA    
TBD Air Force Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

2023

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
December 9 Navy TBD • TBD    
TBD at Air Force Falcon Stadium • Colorado Springs, CO    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

2024

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
November 16 Wake Forest Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
November 30 at Hawaii Aloha Stadium • Honolulu, HI    
December 14 Navy TBD • TBD    
TBD Air Force Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

2025

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
November 15 at Wake Forest BB&T Field • Winston-Salem, NC    
December 13 Navy TBD • TBD    
TBD at Air Force Falcon Stadium • Colorado Springs, CO    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

2026

Date Time Opponent Site TV Result
November 14 Wake Forest Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
December 12 Navy TBD • TBD    
TBD Air Force Michie Stadium • West Point, NY    
*Non-conference game. daggerHomecoming. #Rankings from Coaches' Poll released prior to game.

References

  1. ↑ "USMA Publication Standards Manual Style Guide" (PDF). United States Military Academy–West Point. 2015-10-02. Retrieved 2016-04-07.
  2. ↑ "Heisman Winners". The Heisman Trophy. Archived from the original on December 9, 2007. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  3. ↑ Ambrose (1966), pp. 305–306.
  4. ↑ When Pride Still Mattered, David Maraniss, p.135, Simon & Schuster Paperbacks, New York, NY, 1999, ISBN 978-0-684-84418-3
  5. ↑ "Trophy Winners". The Heisman Trophy. Archived from the original on December 18, 2008. Retrieved 31 December 2008.
  6. ↑ "Biography". Official Website of Vince Lombardi. Archived from the original on 30 December 2008. Retrieved 31 December 2008.
  7. ↑ Biggane, Brian (15 November 2008). "Bill Parcells is Dolphins' Godfather". Palm Beach Post. Retrieved 25 January 2009.
  8. ↑ Palka (2008), p. 197.
  9. ↑ "Army Football to Leave Conference USA After 2004 Season". The Official Website of Conference USA. Retrieved 23 January 2009.
  10. ↑ "> Alma Mater & Fight Songs". Army West Point website.
  11. ↑ "> Army Mules". Army West Point website.
  12. ↑ Notre Dame-Army Rivalry Renews in 2010 As First Football Game at Yankee Stadium, University of Notre Dame, retrieved August 26, 2010.
  13. ↑ Boston College Even with Irish in Yardage, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, November 13, 1946.
  14. ↑ 2013 Army football media guide. Retrieved 2013-Oct-15.

Bibliography

External links

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