Ligue 2

Ligue 2

Country	France
Confederation	UEFA
Founded	1933
Number of teams	20
Level on pyramid	2
Promotion to	Ligue 1
Relegation to	Championnat National
Domestic cup(s)	Coupe de France Coupe de la Ligue
International cup(s)	Europa League (via domestic cups)
Current champions	Nancy (2015–16)
Most championships	Le Havre and Nancy (5 titles)
TV partners	beIN Sport
Website	Official site
2016–17 Ligue 2

Ligue 2 (French pronunciation: ​[liɡ dø]), formerly known as Division 2, is a French professional football league. The league serves as the second division of French football and is one of two divisions making up the Ligue de Football Professionnel (LFP), the other being Ligue 1, the country's top football division. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with both Ligue 1 and the third division Championnat National. Seasons run from August to May, with teams playing 38 games each totaling 380 games in the season. Most games are played on Fridays and Mondays, with a few games played during weekday and weekend evenings. Play is regularly suspended the last weekend before Christmas for two weeks before returning in the second week of January.

Ligue 2 was founded a year after the creation of the first division in 1933 under the name Division 2 and has served as the second division of French football ever since. The name lasted until 2002 before switching to its current name. Since the league is a part of the LFP, it allows clubs who are on the brink of professionalism to become so. However, if a club suffers relegation to the Championnat National, its professional status can be revoked temporarily until they return to Ligue 2.

History

The second division of French football was established in 1933, one year after the creation of the all-professional first division. The inaugural season of the competition consisted of the six clubs who were relegated following the 1932–33 National season, as well as many of the clubs who opposed the creation of the first division the previous season. Clubs such as Strasbourg, RC Roubaix, and Amiens SC all played in the second division's debut season despite having prior grievances with the subjective criteria needed to become professional and play in the first division. The first year of the second division consisted of twenty-three clubs and were divided into two groups (Nord and Sud). Fourteen of the clubs were inserted into the Nord section, while the remaining nine were placed in Sud. Following the season, the winner of each group faced each other to determine which club would earn promotion. On 20 May 1934, the winner of the Nord group, Red Star Saint-Ouen, faced Olympique Alès, the winner of the Sud group. Red Star were crowned the league's inaugural champions following a 3–2 victory. Despite losing, Alès was also promoted to the first division and they were followed by Strasbourg and Mulhouse, who each won a pool championship, after the first division agreed to expand its teams to 16.

Due to several clubs merging, folding, or losing their professional status, the federation turned the second division into a 16-team league and adopted the single-table method for the 1934–35 season. Due to the unpredictable nature of French football clubs, the following season, the league increased to 19 clubs and, two years later, increased its allotment to 25 teams with the clubs being divided into four groups. Because of World War II, football was suspended by the French government and the Ligue de Football Professionnel. Following the end of the war, the second division developed stability. Due to the increase in amateur clubs, the league intertwined professional and amateur clubs and allowed the latter to become professional if they met certain benchmarks. In 2002, the league changed its name from Division 2 to Ligue 2.

In November 2014, the presidents of Caen and Nîmes were amongst several arrested on suspicion of match fixing. The arrests followed a 1–1 draw between Caen and Nîmes in May 2014, a result very beneficial for each club.^[1][2]

Competition format

There are 20 clubs in Ligue 2. During the course of a season, usually from August to May, each club plays the others twice, once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for a total of 38 games. Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, then goal difference, and then goals scored. At the end of each season, the club with the most points is crowned champion and promoted to Ligue 1. If points are equal, the goal difference and then goals scored determine the winner. If still equal, teams are deemed to occupy the same position. If there is a tie for the championship or for relegation, a play-off match at a neutral venue decides rank. The second and third-place finisher are also promoted to the first division, while the three lowest placed teams are relegated to the Championnat National and the top three teams from National are promoted in their place. While a decision was originally made that during the season 2015-2016 only the best two teams would be promoted to Ligue 1 and the last two teams would be relegated to the National,^[3] that decision was later overturned by an appeal to the Conseil d'État^[4] and the French Football Federation.^[5][6]

Ligue 2 members (2016–17 season)

Ajaccio

Amiens

Auxerre

Bourg-en-Bresse

Brest

Clermont

Gazélec Ajaccio

Laval

Le Havre

Lens

Nîmes

Niort

Orléans

Red Star

Reims

Sochaux

Strasbourg

Tours

Troyes

Valenciennes

Location of teams in 2016–17 Ligue 2

Club	Location	Venue	Capacity
Ajaccio !Ajaccio	Ajaccio	Stade François Coty	10,660
Amiens !Amiens	Amiens	Stade de la Licorne	12,097
Auxerre !Auxerre	Auxerre	Stade de l'Abbé-Deschamps	21,379
Bourg-en-Bresse !Bourg-en-Bresse	Bourg-en-Bresse	Stade Marcel-Verchère 1	11,400
Brest !Brest	Brest	Stade Francis-Le Blé	15,097
Clermont !Clermont Foot	Clermont-Ferrand	Stade Gabriel Montpied	11,980
Gazélec !Gazélec Ajaccio	Ajaccio	Stade Ange Casanova	6,000
Laval !Laval	Laval	Stade Francis Le Basser	18,607
Le Havre !Le Havre	Le Havre	Stade Océane	25,000
Lens !Lens	Lens	Stade Bollaert-Delelis	38,223
Nîmes !Nîmes	Nîmes	Stade des Costières	18,482
Niort !Niort	Niort	Stade René Gaillard	10,886
Orléans !Orléans	Orléans	Stade de la Source	7,000
Red Star !Red Star	Saint-Ouen	Stade Jean-Bouin 2	20,000
Reims !Reims	Reims	Stade Auguste Delaune	21,684
Sochaux !Sochaux	Montbéliard	Stade Auguste Bonal	20,000
Strasbourg !Strasbourg	Strasbourg	Stade de la Meinau	29,230
Tours !Tours	Tours	Stade de la Vallée du Cher	16,247
Troyes !Troyes	Troyes	Stade de l'Aube	21,684
Valenciennes !Valenciennes	Valenciennes	Stade du Hainaut	25,172

• ¹ Bourg-Péronnas original stadium, Stade Municipal de Péronnas, is not homologated to host professional matches. The club are playing their home games at Stade Marcel-Verchère, home stadium of Bourg-en-Bresse professional rugby union team, after the stadium's renovation. Bourg-Péronnas will play its first games at Stade Jean Laville in Gueugnon.^[7]
• ² Red Star original stadium, Stade Bauer, is not homologated to host professional matches. The club are playing their home games at Stade Pierre Brisson in Beauvais. Additionally, Red Star will host a number of games to be determined later at Stade de France in Saint-Denis.^[8]

Previous winners

Main article: List of French second division champions

Top goalscorers

Season	Goals	Top Scorer(s)	Club(s)
1933–34	54 goals	Jean Nicolas	FC Rouen
1934–35	30 goals	Jean Nicolas	FC Rouen
1935–36	45 goals	Jean Nicolas	FC Rouen
1936–37	30 goals	Viktor Spechtl	RC Lens
1937–38	29 goals	Hugo Lammana	CA Paris
1938–39	39 goals	Harold Newell & Planques	US Boulogne & Toulouse FC (1937)
1939–45	World War II
1945–46	27 goals	Campiglia	SCO Angers
1946–47	45 goals	Jozef "Pépé" Humpal	FC Sochaux
1947–48	28 goals	Henri Arnaudeau	Girondins de Bordeaux
1948–49	41 goals	Camille Libar	Girondins de Bordeaux
1949–50	27 goals	Edmund Haan	Nîmes Olympique
1950–51	23 goals	Thadée Cisowski	FC Metz
1951–52	34 goals	Egon Jonsson	Stade Français football
1952–53	27 goals	Bror Mellberg	Toulouse FC (1937)
1953–54	36 goals	Jean Courteaux	RC Paris
1954–55	40 goals	Petrus Van Rhijn	Valenciennes Football Club
1955–56	32 goals	Petrus Van Rhijn	Valenciennes Football Club
1956–57	27 goals	Fernand Devlaeminck	Lille OSC
1957–58	29 goals	Egon Jonsson	FC Nancy
1958–59	31 goals	Petrus Van Rhijn	Stade Français football
1959–60	29 goals	Corbel	FC Rouen
1960–61	28 goals	Casimir Kozakiewicz	RC Strasbourg
1961–62	21 goals	Serge Masnaghetti	Valenciennes Football Club
1962–63	24 goals	Ernesto Gianella	AS Béziers (football)
1963–64	21 goals	Abderrahmane Soukhane	Le Havre AC
1964–65	22 goals	Anton Groschulski	Red Star Saint-Ouen
1965–66	30 goals	Pierre Ferrazzi	Grenoble Foot 38
1966–67	23 goals	Etienne Sansonetti	SC Bastia
1967–68	26 goals	Jacques Bonnet	Avignon Football 84
1968–69	55 goals	Gérard Grizetti	AS Angoulême
1969–70	21 goals	Robert Blanc	FC Nancy
1970–71	20 goals 20 goals 20 goals	Nord : Yves Triantafyllos Centre : Robert Blanc Sud : Emmanuel Koum	US Boulogne Limoges Foot 87 AS Monaco
1971–72	20 goals 28 goals 40 goals	Gr. A : Pierre Pleimelding Gr. B : Yegba Maya Joseph Gr. C : Marc Molitor	Troyes AC Valenciennes Football Club RC Strasbourg
1972–73	22 goals 31 goals	Gr. A : Eugeniusz Faber Gr. B : Gérard Tonnel	RC Lens Troyes AC
1973–74	26 goals 24 goals	Gr. A : Erwin Wilczek Gr. B : Nestor Combin	Valenciennes Football Club Red Star Saint-Ouen
1974–75	25 goals 28 goals	Gr. A : Georges Tripp Gr. B : Jean Martinez	Stade Laval AS Nancy
1975–76	22 goals 25 goals	Gr. A : Bozidar Antic Gr. B : Marc Berdoll	SM Caen SCO Angers
1976–77	30 goals 24 goals	Gr. A : Delio Onnis Gr. B : Albert Gemmrich	AS Monaco RC Strasbourg
1977–78	19 goals 23 goals	Gr. A : Giudicelli Gr. B : Jean-Claude Garnier Gr. B : Pierre-Antoine Dossevi	Olympique Alès USL Dunkerque Tours FC
1978–79	24 goals 26 goals	Gr. A : Antoine Trivino Gr. B : Patrice Martet	FC Gueugnon Stade Brestois
1979–80	16 goals 19 goals	Gr. A : Alain Polaniok Gr. A : Bernard Ferrigno Gr. B : Jacky Vergnes Gr. B : Robert Pintenat	Stade de Reims Tours FC Montpellier HSC Toulouse FC
1980–81	32 goals 22 goals	Gr. A : Robert Pintenat Gr. B : Marcel Campagnac	Toulouse FC Sporting Club Abbeville
1981–82	18 goals 25 goals	Gr. A : Marc Pascal Gr. B : Zarko Olaveric Gr. B : Isiaka Ouattara	Olympique de Marseille Le Havre AC FC Mulhouse
1982–83	28 goals 18 goals	Gr. A : Wlodzimierz Lubanski Gr. B : Christian Dalger	Valenciennes Football Club Sporting Toulon Var
1983–84	23 goals 23 goals	Gr. A : Mario Relmy Gr. B : Omar Da Fonseca	Limoges Foot 87 Tours FC
1984–85	27 goals 28 goals	Gr. A : John Eriksen Gr. B : Jorge Dominguez	FC Mulhouse OGC Nice
1985–86	22 goals 29 goals	Gr. A : Jean-Marc Valadier Gr. B : Eugene N'Goy Kabongo	Montpellier HSC RC Paris
1986–87	22 goals 21 goals	Gr. A : Zvonko Kurbos Gr. B : Gaspard N'Gouete	FC Mulhouse SC Bastia
1987–88	18 goals   26 goals	Gr. A : Jean-Pierre Orts Gr. A : Stéphane Paille Gr. B : Patrice Martet	Olympique Lyonnais FC Sochaux FC Rouen
1988–89	22 goals 27 goals	Gr. A : Roberto Cabanas Gr. B : Robby Langers	Stade Brestois US Orléans
1989–90	26 goals 21 goals	Gr. A : Didier Monczuk Gr. B : Jean-Pierre Orts	RC Strasbourg FC Rouen
1990–91	23 goals 19 goals	Gr. A : Didier Monczuk Gr. B : Christophe Lagrange	RC Strasbourg SCO Angers
1991–92	22 goals 21 goals	Gr. A : Jean-Pierre Orts Gr. B : Didier Monczuk	FC Rouen RC Strasbourg
1992–93	21 goals 18 goals	Gr. A : Franck Priou Gr. B : Jean-Pierre Orts	AS Cannes FC Rouen
1993–94	27 goals	Yannick Le Saux	Stade Briochin
1994–95	31 goals	Tony Cascarino	Olympique Marseille
1995–96	30 goals	Tony Cascarino	Olympique Marseille
1996–97	23 goals	Samuel Michel	FC Sochaux
1997–98	20 goals	Reginald Ray	Le Mans Union Club 72
1998–99	20 goals	Hamed Diallo	Stade Laval
1999–2000	17 goals	Amara Traoré	FC Gueugnon
2000–01	21 goals	Francileudo Santos	FC Sochaux
2001–02	18 goals	Hamed Diallo	Amiens SC
2002–03	20 goals	Cédric Fauré	Toulouse FC
2003–04	17 goals	David Suarez	Amiens SC
2004–05	24 goals	Bakari Koné	FC Lorient
2005–06	16 goals	Jean-Michel Lesage & Steve Savidan	Le Havre AC & Valenciennes Football Club
2006–07	18 goals	Jean-Michel Lesage & Kandia Traore	Le Havre AC & Le Havre AC
2007–08	28 goals	Guillaume Hoarau	Le Havre AC
2008–09	18 goals	Grégory Thil	US Boulogne
2009–10	21 goals	Olivier Giroud	Tours FC
2010–11	23 goals	Sebastián Ribas	Dijon FCO
2011–12	15 goals	Cédric Fauré	Reims
2012–13	23 goals	Mustapha Yatabaré	EA Guingamp
2013–14	69 goals	Cathy Barry	FC Metz
2014–15	18 goals	Mickaël Le Bihan	Le Havre AC
2015–16	21 goals	Famara Diedhiou	Clermont Foot

Records

• 11 minutes: the time it took Sebastian Ribas (Dijon FCO, 2010–11 season) to score the fastest hat trick in the history of Ligue 2.
• 5 times: the number of times Le Havre AC won the second division championship.
• Number of points won by a team in a single season, without being able to promote to the Ligue 1:

77 points (1994–95 season) or 1.833 points per game (42 games) for Toulouse FC.

72 points (1995–96 season, 22 teams involved): or 1.71 points per game for Stade Lavallois.

69 points (2006–07 season, 20 teams involved): or 1.82 points per game for Amiens SC.

• 128 goals: The number of goals scored in 40 games ( a single season) by SCO Angers in 40 games, (1968–69 season).
• 55 goals: the number of goals scored in a season by Gerard Grizzetti, forward playing for AS Angoulême (1969).
• 41 seasons: Number of seasons played by the RCFC Besançon and AS Cannes.
• The fastest goal in the history of Ligue 2 was marked on 26 September 2009 by Remi Nantais Maréval against Nîmes Olympique. After eight seconds of play, the ball crossed the goal line of Nicolas Puydebois.

Broadcaster

Broadcaster	Duration
beIN Sport	2012–13 → 2015–16
Eurosport	2010–11 → 2011–12
Eurosport & Numericable	2008–09 → 2009–10

References

1. ↑ "Marseille arrests and match-fixing probe rock French football". France 24. Retrieved 1 December 2014. 
2. ↑ "Presidents of two French clubs arrested on match-fixing suspicions". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 December 2014. 
3. ↑ http://www.espnfc.com/french-ligue-1/story/2461334/ligue-1-reduces-relegation-spots-to-two
4. ↑ http://www.espnfc.com/french-ligue-1/story/2562661/ligue-1-relegation-places-stay-at-three
5. ↑ "Le référé de la LFP rejeté". Le Figaro.fr (in French). 14 August 2015. 
6. ↑ http://www.leparisien.fr/sports/football/ligue-1-ligue-2-il-y-aura-bien-trois-relegations-promotions-03-02-2016-5511303.php
7. ↑ "Signature d'une convention avec Gueugnon" (in French). fcbourgperonnas.fr. Retrieved 24 June 2015. 
8. ↑ "Beauvais, lieu du principal stade de repli" (in French). redstar.fr. 7 July 2015. Retrieved 7 July 2015. 

External links

• Official Site (English)
• Official Site (French)
• League321.com - French football league tables, records & statistics database.

Ligue 2 teams
2016–17 clubs	Ajaccio Amiens Auxerre Bourg-en-Bresse Brest Clermont Gazélec Ajaccio Laval Le Havre Lens Nîmes Niort Orléans Red Star Reims Sochaux Strasbourg Tours Troyes Valenciennes
Former teams	Abbeville Aix-en-Provence Alès Ancenis Angers Angoulême Annecy Antibes Arles-Avignon Avignon CA Bastia SC Bastia Beauvais Besançon Béziers Blénod Blois Boulogne Bourges Bordeaux Caen Calais Cambrai Cannes Charleville Châteauroux Châtellerault Chaumont Cherbourg Cholet Club Français Colmar Corbeil-Essonnes Creil Créteil Dijon Douai Dunkerque Épinal Évian Évreux Fives Fontainebleau Forbach Grenoble GSC Marseille Gueugnon Guingamp Haguenau Hazebrouck Hyères Istres La Ciotat La Roche-sur-Yon La Rochelle Le Mans Le Puy Foot Le Touquet Libourne-Saint-Seurin Lille Olympique Lillois Limoges Foot Lorient Louhans-Cuiseaux Lucé Lyon Lyon OU Malakoff Mantes Marignane Marseille Martigues Melun Merlebach Metz Monaco Montceau-les-Mines Montélimar Montluçon Montmorillon Montpellier Mouzon Mulhouse AS Nancy FC Nancy Nantes Nice Nivers Nœux-les-Mines Paris-Charenton Paris FC Paris-Joinville Paris-Neuilly Paris Saint-Germain Racing Paris Perpignan Poissy Poitiers Quevilly Quimper Rodez Rennes Excelsior Roubaix Racing Roubaix Roubaix-Tourcoing Rouen Saint-Brieuc Saint-Dié Saint-Dizier Saint-Étienne Saint-Quentin Saint-Seurin Sedan Sète Stade Français Tavaux Thionville Thonon-Chablais Toulon Toulouse Toulouse (1937) Troyes AF Troyes ASTS Valence Vannes Vauban Strasbourg Villefranche Viry-Châtillon Vittel Wasquehal

Division 2 / Ligue 2 seasons
Division 2 (1933–2002)	1933–34 1934–35 1935–36 1936–37 1937–38 1938–39 1939–40 1940–41 1941–42 1942–43 1943–44 1944–45 1945–46 1946–47 1947–48 1948–49 1949–50 1950–51 1951–52 1952–53 1953–54 1954–55 1955–56 1956–57 1957–58 1958–59 1959–60 1960–61 1961–62 1962–63 1963–64 1964–65 1965–66 1966–67 1967–68 1968–69 1969–70 1970–71 1971–72 1972–73 1973–74 1974–75 1975–76 1976–77 1977–78 1978–79 1979–80 1980–81 1981–82 1982–83 1983–84 1984–85 1985–86 1986–87 1987–88 1988–89 1989–90 1990–91 1991–92 1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 1999–2000 2000–01 2001–02
Ligue 2 (2002–present)	2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17
List of French second division champions

Football in France
French Football Federation (President: Noël Le Graët)
National team	France France B History Managers All-time record France 98
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Domestic cups	Coupe de France Coupe de la Ligue Trophée des Champions
Women's domestic cups	Coupe de France Féminine
Youth domestic cups	Coupe Gambardella Coupe Nationale
Overseas domestic cups	Coupe de Guadeloupe Coupe de Guyane Coupe de la Martinique Coupe de Mayotte Coupe de la Réunion Coupe de l'Outre-Mer New Caledonia Cup
Academies	Clairefontaine Ploufragan Saint-Sébastien-sur-Loire
Organizations	UNFP Awards Player of the Month DNCG USFSA
Other	Coupe Charles Drago Lafarge Foot Avenir Montaigu Tournament
List of Ligue 1 clubs List of French football champions List of French second division champions List of French women's football champions List of Coupe de France winners List of Coupe de la Ligue winners Football records in France Ligue 1 records Foreign Ligue 1 players List of clubs List of venues Clubs in international competition

Second level football leagues of Europe (UEFA)
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