LMS Jubilee Class

The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Jubilee Class is a class of steam locomotive designed for main line passenger work. 191 locomotives were built between 1934 and 1936. They were built concurrently with the LMS Stanier Class 5 4-6-0.

History

The last five locomotives of Henry Fowler's Patriot class on order, 5552 to 5557, were built with William Stanier’s taper boiler and so became the first of the Jubilee class. 113 locomotives were ordered straight from the drawing board. They were initially a disappointment; their moderate degree of superheating often left them short of steam. Changes to the blastpipe and chimney dimensions helped to transform them.

On 29 April 1935 no. 5552, the first of the class, permanently swapped identities with no. 5642 which had been named Silver Jubilee on 19 April 1935 in recognition of the Silver Jubilee of King George V on 6 May of that year. This change gave the name to the rest of the class, see LMS Jubilee Class 5552 Silver Jubilee. Earlier on (from summer 1934), they had been known as the "Red Staniers" (because of the crimson livery), to distinguish them from the "Black Staniers" (the LMS Stanier Black Five class).^[1]

They are often associated with the Midland Division, i.e. the lines inherited from the former Midland Railway. This is because until the late 1950s, it was rare for any 7P locomotives to work south of Leeds. Until then, Jubilees were the largest express engine normally found on the lines running out of St Pancras or radiating from Derby. They could nevertheless be found on main lines throughout the former LMS system.

The power classification was 5XP, in common with the earlier Patriot class.^[2] In January 1951, the classification was revised to 6P; this was revised again to 6P5F in November 1955, but the latter change was not applied to the locomotives' cabsides, which continued to show 6P.^[3] The two rebuilt locomotives (nos. 5735/6) were reclassified 6P in July 1943,^[4] being revised to 7P in 1951.^[5]

In 1961 4 members of the class were fitted with a double chimney as a final experiment by BR, the double chimney did improve the power of the locos and also improved the coal consumption. Only 1 member of the double chimneyed Jubilees has survived into preservation and this is 45596 Bahamas.

Construction

Although built over only a 3-year period the class had many variations due to improvements being made as they were built. The major differences were:

• Boilers – 10 variations, mainly affecting the number of tubes. The earlier boilers were domeless but later boilers were domed. There were 2 sizes of fire grate area depending on whether the firebox throatplate was straight or sloping.
• Bogies – Approximately 50 of the earlier locomotives were built with ex-Claughton bogies which had a 6’3” wheelbase compared to the later locomotives built with new bogies that had a wheelbase of 6’ 6”.
• Smokebox Saddle – The first 113 locomotives were built with a 2 piece saddle, the rest had a conventional 1 piece saddle.
• Tenders – 3 basic patterns were fitted; Fowler 3,500 gall. Fowler high-sided (10 off) and Stanier 4,000 gall. However, taking into account rivets, wheelbase, and welds this can be subdivided into a total of 8 patterns.

Withdrawal

One locomotive was scrapped in 1952 due to accident damage. The remaining locomotives were withdrawn between 1960 and 1967.

Accidents and incidents

• On 21 January 1938, locomotive No. 5568 Western Australia was hauling an express passenger train which was in a head-on collision with an empty stock train at Oakley Junction due to a combination of driver and signalman's errors. Three people were killed and 46 were injured.^[6]
• On 11 October 1943 locomotive 5581 Bihar and Orissa hauling the Leeds - Edinburgh express collided with a freight train being shunted into sidings at Steeton, West Yorkshire. No one was killed but four people were injured.^[7][8]

• On 8 October 1952, an express passenger train overran signals and crashed into the rear of a local train at Harrow and Wealdstone station, Middlesex. Locomotive No. 45637 Windward Islands was one of two locomotives hauling an express passenger train which crashed into the wreckage. A total of 112 people were killed and 340 were injured. The locomotive was consequently scrapped due to damage sustained.
• On 16 August 1953, locomotive No. 45699 Galatea was hauling a passenger train which became divided and was derailed at Kingsbury, Warwickshire due to a combination of defects on the locomotive and the condition of the track.^[9]
• On 20 July 1959, locomotive No. 45730 Ocean overran a signal and consequently crashed into Dock Junction Signal Box, London. Trains had to be handsignalled into and out of St Pancras station for several days afterwards.^[10]

Details

Preservation

Four Jubilees have been preserved, (4)5593 Kolhapur, (4)5596 Bahamas, (4)5690 Leander and (4)5699 Galatea have all been worked in preservation and all have operated on the mainline in preservation. Parts were taken from sister engine 5562 Alberta before she was scrapped and most parts exist on Preserved sister engine Galatea.

Number 45699 'Galatea' required one new set of driving wheels after one of hers was cut up in Barry when she was derailed. She returned to the main line in 2013 and is today working main line charters. Number 45690 'Leander' returned from a heavy overhaul in 2015 and now both Leander & Galatea are working on the mainline.

Number		Name	Builder	Built	Withdrawn	Location	Owners	Livery	Condition	Photograph	Notes
LMS	BR
5593	45593	Kolhapur	North British Locomotive Company	Dec 1934	Oct 1967	Tyseley Locomotive Works	Tyseley Locomotive Works	LMS Crimson Lake	Static Display, awaiting overhaul.
5596	45596	Bahamas	North British Locomotive Company	Jan 1935	Jul 1966	Tyseley Locomotive Works	Bahamas Locomotive Society	N/A (Will be BR Green)	Undergoing overhaul to mainline standards at Tyseley with planned completion in late 2017/early 2018.		Only preserved Jubilee fitted with Double chimney
5690	45690	Leander	Crewe Works	Mar 1936	Mar 1964	West Coast Railway Company, Carnforth	Chris Beet	BR Black, Early Emblem	Operational, Mainline Certified (2014 - 2021).		Black nameplate on fireman's side, Red nameplate on drivers side.
5699	45699	Galatea	Crewe Works	Apr 1936	Nov 1964	West Coast Railway Company, Carnforth	David Smith	BR Crimson, Late Crest	Operational, Mainline Certified (2013 - 2020).

Gallery

Sound

info		help
5690 Leander at Boar's Head

• 
  45572 Eire at Water Orton. This locomotive was one of those renamed to reflect changes in the name of the territory after which they were called. Eire was originally Irish Free State

Notes

References

• Clay, John F. (1971). Jubilees of the LMS. Ian Allan. 
• Essery, Bob; Toms, George (1994). Historical Locomotive Monographs No 2: LMS Jubilees. Wild Swan Publications. ISBN 978-1-874103-17-2. 
• Hawkins, Chris (ed.). The Book of the Jubilee 4-6-0s. Irwell Press. ISBN 1-903266-27-0. 
• Longworth, Hugh. British Railway Steam Locomotives 1948-1968. ISBN 0-86093-593-0. 
• Rowledge, J.W.P.; Reed, Brian (1984) [1977]. The Stanier 4-6-0s of the LMS. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-7385-4. 

External links

• Jubilees
• RailUK

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