Manne Siegbahn

Manne Siegbahn

Karl Manne Siegbahn in 1924
Born Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn
(1886-12-03)3 December 1886
Örebro, Sweden
Died 26 September 1978(1978-09-26) (aged 91)
Stockholm, Sweden
Nationality Swedish
Fields Physics
Institutions University of Lund
University of Uppsala
University of Stockholm
Alma mater University of Lund
Known for X-ray spectroscopy
Notable awards
Spouse Karin Högbom
Children
Notes
He is the father of Nobel laureate Kai Siegbahn.

Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn ForMemRS[1] (3 December 1886 – 26 September 1978)[2] was a Swedish physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1924 "for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy".[3][4][5]

Biography

Siegbahn was born in Örebro, Sweden. He obtained his Ph.D. at the Lund University in 1911, his thesis was titled Magnetische Feldmessungen (magnetic field measurements). He was acting professor for Johannes Rydberg when his health was failing, and succeeded him as full professor in 1920.

Following his Ph.D., he started research on X-ray spectroscopy. This work continued when he moved to the University of Uppsala in 1923. He developed improved experimental apparatus which allowed him to make very accurate measurements of the X-ray wavelengths produced by atoms of different elements. He developed a convention for naming the different spectral lines that are characteristic to elements in X-ray spectroscopy, the Siegbahn notation. Siegbahn's precision measurements drove many developments in quantum theory and atomic physics.[6]

In 1937, Siegbahn was appointed Director of the Physics Department of the Nobel Institute of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In 1988 this was renamed the Manne Siegbahn Institute (MSI).[7] The institute research groups have been reorganized since, but the name lives on in the Manne Siegbahn Laboratory hosted by Stockholm University.

Awards and honours

He won the Hughes Medal 1934 and Rumford Medal 1940. In 1944, he patented the Siegbahn pump. Siegbahn was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1954.[1]

Personal life

Siegbahn married Karin Högbom in 1914. They had two children: Bo Siegbahn (1915–2008), a diplomat and politician, and Kai Siegbahn (1918–2007), a physicist, who also received the Nobel Prize in Physics, in 1981, for his contribution to the development of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. His wife died in 1972.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Atterling, H. (1991). "Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn. 3 December 1886-24 September 1978". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 37: 428–426. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1991.0022.
  2. ↑ Biography from the Nobel foundation website
  3. ↑ Nobel prize citation
  4. ↑ Shampo, M. A.; Kyle, R. A. (1998). "Manne Siegbahn--Nobel Prize for x-ray spectroscopy". Mayo Clinic proceedings. Mayo Clinic. 73 (3): 249. doi:10.1016/S0025-6196(11)64468-6. PMID 9511784.
  5. ↑ Siegbahn Biography on Nobel prize website
  6. ↑ Nobel prize presentation speech
  7. ↑ "History". Retrieved 25 May 2012.
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 4/6/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.