John Milledge

John Milledge
United States Senator from Georgia
In office June 19, 1806 – November 14, 1809
Preceded by	James Jackson
Succeeded by	Charles Tait
26th Governor of Georgia
In office November 4, 1802 – September 23, 1806
Preceded by	Josiah Tattnall, Sr.
Succeeded by	Jared Irwin
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Georgia's at-large district
In office March 4, 1795 – March 3, 1799
Preceded by	Thomas P. Carnes
Succeeded by	Benjamin Taliaferro
In office March 4, 1801 – May 1802
Preceded by	James Jones
Succeeded by	Peter Early
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Georgia's 1st district
In office November 22, 1792 – March 3, 1793
Preceded by	Anthony Wayne
Succeeded by	None, seat eliminated
Member of the Georgia State Assembly
Personal details
Born	1757 Savannah, Georgia, U.S.
Died	February 9, 1818 (aged 60–61) Augusta, Georgia, U.S.
Political party	Democratic-Republican

John Milledge (1757 – February 9, 1818) was an American politician. He fought in the American Revolution and later served as United States Representative, Governor of Georgia, and United States Senator.^[1] Milledge was a founder of Athens, Georgia, and the University of Georgia.

Revolutionary War

John Milledge was born in Savannah, Georgia, the grandson of an original settler of Georgia. He was tutored privately and studied law. After being admitted to the bar, he opened a law practice in Savannah. At the onset of the Revolutionary War, Milledge was part of a group that took colonial governor Sir James Wright as a prisoner in 1775. He also took part in a raid of Savannah's royal armory to procure gunpowder for the revolutionary cause. When the British captured Savannah, Milledge escaped to South Carolina, where American patriots nearly hanged him as a spy. He participated in the Siege of Savannah in an attempt to drive the British forces out. In 1778, he served as an aide to Governor John Houstoun in an abortive campaign against the British in East Florida. In 1781, as a colonel in the Georgia militia, he helped to recapture Augusta.^[2]

Political career

State legislature and U.S. Congress

Milledge's political career began in 1779, when he was elected to the patriot general assembly. After serving as the attorney general of Georgia, Milledge was member of the Georgia General Assembly. While in the General Assembly, he spoke out forcefully against the Yazoo Land Acts.^[3] In 1792, the House of Representatives declared the seat of Anthony Wayne vacant due to disputes over his residency. Milledge was elected to the Second Congress to fill this vacancy and served from November 22, 1792, to March 3, 1793.^[4] Later, Milledge would be elected to the Fourth and Fifth Congresses, serving from March 4, 1795 to March 3, 1799. In 1801, he was again elected to Congress, this time as a Democratic-Republican, and served from March 4, 1801, until he resigned in May 1802 to become Governor of Georgia.

Governor of Georgia

Milledge was Governor of Georgia from 1802 to 1806.^[5] As governor, he created Georgia's first land lottery, to combat corruption in the distribution of former Creek lands to settlers.^[6] He also reorganized the state militia, and built a road from Georgia to Tennessee passing through Cherokee lands.^[7]

In 1803, Milledgeville, Georgia, state capital from 1804 to 1868, was named in his honor.^[8]

U.S. Senate

In 1806, he was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the death of James Jackson. He was a loyal and enthusiastic supporter of the policies of President Thomas Jefferson. In the 10th United States Congress, he was named President pro tempore of the Senate. He served as a Senator from June 19, 1806, until November 14, 1809, when he resigned.

The University of Georgia

While serving in the U.S. House of Representatives, Milledge was named to a commission to establish a site for the state University of Georgia (incorporated January 27, 1785). On July 25, 1801 Milledge bought with his own money some land^[9] on the Oconee River for the school,^[10] and named the surrounding area Athens, in honor of the city of Plato's Academy.

Death

After retiring from the United States Senate, Milledge returned home, to live out his final years at his plantation near Augusta, Georgia. He died there, February 9, 1818, and was buried in Summerville Cemetery in that same city.^[11]

References

• Power of Attorney. Thomas Stephens, William Ewen & John Milledge, Apr. 25, 1761. From Telamon Cuyler collection, ms 1170, series 1. Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library, University of Georgia Libraries. Web. Retrieved 20 May 2016.

External links

• The founding of Milledgeville

United States Senators from Georgia
Class 2	Few Jackson Walton Tattnall Baldwin Jones Crawford Bulloch Bibb Troup Forsyth Walker Ware Cobb Prince Troup King Lumpkin Berrien Charlton Toombs H. Miller Norwood B. Hill Barrow A. Colquitt Walsh Bacon West Hardwick Harris Cohen Russell Gambrell Nunn Cleland Chambliss Perdue
Class 3	Gunn Jackson Milledge Tait Elliott Berrien Forsyth Cuthbert W. Colquitt Johnson Dawson Iverson J. Hill Gordon Brown Gordon Clay Terrell Smith Watson Felton George Talmadge Mattingly Fowler Coverdell Z. Miller Isakson

Presidents pro tempore of the United States Senate
Langdon Lee Langdon Izard H Tazewell Livermore Bingham Bradford Read Sedgwick Laurance Ross Livermore Tracy Howard Hillhouse Baldwin Bradley Brown Franklin Anderson Smith Bradley Milledge Gregg Gaillard Pope Crawford Varnum Gaillard Barbour Gaillard Macon Smith L Tazewell White Poindexter Tyler W R King Southard Mangum Sevier Atchison W R King Atchison Cass Bright Stuart Bright Mason Rusk Fitzpatrick Bright Fitzpatrick Foot Clark Foster Wade Anthony Carpenter Anthony Ferry Thurman Bayard Davis Edmunds Sherman Ingalls Manderson Harris Ransom Harris Frye Office rotated 1911–1913 Bacon Curtis Gallinger Brandegee Lodge Clarke Saulsbury Cummins Moses Pittman W H King Harrison Glass McKellar Vandenberg McKellar Bridges George Hayden Russell Ellender Eastland Magnuson Young Magnuson Thurmond Stennis Byrd Thurmond Byrd Thurmond Byrd Stevens Byrd Inouye Leahy Hatch

Governors of Georgia
Council Presidents (1775–76)	Ewen Walton Ewen
Presidents (1776–77)	Bulloch Gwinnett
Governors (since 1777)	Treutlen Houstoun Glascock Cuthbert Wereat Walton Howly Wells Heard Davies Brownson Martin Hall Houstoun Elbert Telfair Mathews Handley Walton Telfair Mathews Irwin Jackson Emanuel Tattnall Milledge Irwin Mitchell Early Mitchell Rabun Talbot Clark Troup Forsyth Gilmer Lumpkin Schley Gilmer McDonald Crawford Towns Cobb H. Johnson J. E. Brown J. Johnson Jenkins Ruger Bullock Conley J. Smith Colquitt Stephens Boynton McDaniel Gordon Northen Atkinson Candler Terrell H. Smith J. M. Brown H. Smith Slaton J.M. Brown Slaton N. Harris Dorsey Hardwick Walker Hardman Russell E. Talmadge Rivers E. Talmadge Arnall Thompson H. Talmadge Griffin Vandiver Sanders Maddox Carter Busbee J. F. Harris Miller Barnes Perdue Deal