Jabal es Saaïdé

Jabal es Saaïdé
جبل سعيدة
1035 Metres
Shown within Lebanon
Location 12 km (7.5 mi) northeast of Baalbek, Lebanon
Region Bekaa
Coordinates 34°09′20″N 36°13′44″E / 34.155444°N 36.228847°E / 34.155444; 36.228847
Part of Village
History
Founded c. 10000 BC
Periods Epipaleolithic, Natufian, PPNA, PPNB
Site notes
Excavation dates 1966, 1969
Archaeologists Bruce Schroeder, Jacques Besançon, Francis Hours
Condition ruins
Public access Yes

Jabal es Saaïdé (Arabic: جبل سعيدة), Jabal es Saaide, Jabal as Sa`idah, Jabal as Sa`īdah, Jebal Saaidé, Jebel Saaidé or Jabal Saaidé is a Mountain in Lebanon near the inhabited village of Saaïdé, approximately 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) northeast of Baalbek, Lebanon.

Saaidé I & Saaidé II are archaeological sites of note in this area. In the summer of 1966, the Lebanese Army dug a trench at Saaidé I, and recovered a large number of tools and lithics including sickles, grinders, scrapers, chisels, awls and blades suggested to date to the PPNB or PPNA.[1] Jacques Besançon & Francis Hours later discovered a Palaeolithic layer below the Neolithic level, recovering knives, arrowheads, scrapers and retouched blades along with a fragment of a small, flat, cutting axe.[2]

Saaidé II, almost 0.25 hectares (27,000 sq ft) in size, was first excavated in 1969 by Bruce Schroeder from the University of Toronto who found the site badly damaged by modern agriculture. Investigations have recovered a wide range of mortars and pestles, scrapers, chisels, borers, retouched microliths, geometric and non-geometric microliths. One grave was found with some tiny skull fragments from an adult aged 45–50 years. Local fauna consisted of turtles, birds (duck, goose, eagle) and mammals (badger, lynx, deer, ox, gazelle, sheep and goat). Jebal Saaidé is the only pre-agricultural village found in Lebanon to date.[3] Inhabitants seem to have hunted different animals including lynx, red deer, gazelle, and some aquatic and migratory birds.[4]

Literature

Footnotes

  1. Besançon, J., Copeland, L., Hours, F., « Tableau de préhistoire libanaise »,. Paléorient 3, 1975-1976-1977, p. 5-46.
  2. Haidar-Boustani, Maya (2001–2002). "Le Néolithique du Liban dans le contexte proche-oriental: Etat des connaissances" (PDF). Annales d'histoire et d'archéologie. Université Saint-Joseph. 12-13. ISSN 1729-6927.
  3. Berytus: archeological studies, Volumes 17-19. The American University of Beirut. 1968.
  4. Akkermans, Peter M. M. G.; Schwartz, Glenn M. (2003). The Archaeology of Syria: From Complex Hunter-Gatherers to Early Urban Societies (c. 16,000–300 BC). Cambridge University Press. p. 33. ISBN 0-521-79666-0.
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