Irreligion in Finland

According to the Population Information System includes the number of persons with no religious affiliation exceeded the one million mark in 2010.[1] Therefore, nearly one out of every five people in Finland is not a member of a religious organisation. The number of persons with no religious affiliation has doubled in two decades.[2][3][4][5]

History

In Finland, mainly due to the ideological education among the educated classes .[6] In the late 1800s came to Finland Darwinism . In Finland, in the late 1800s secularist philosophy of materialism represented alone Wilhelm Bolin , Spinoza's philosophy doctorate from Ludwig Feuerbach friend who worked as a librarian at the University of Helsinki . Bolin was in Finland tuhkauslaitostoiminnan originate to naturalistic theory of evolution inspired in Finland in the 1880s , including Hjalmar Neiglick and Edvard Westermarck.

In 1887, Viktor Heikel tried 50 other citizen in Finland, with religious freedom and tolerance Association . The Senate sent the association rules of the Lutheran Church, the Cathedral for a decision which rejected the project . In 1889, Eero Erkko supplied by the Journal of Central Finland published a series of articles from evolution . As a result, a fierce debate , attended among others by Juhani Aho and Minna Canth . In the same year began the Minna Canth and AB Mäkelä published in Kuopio, the liberal ideas of the magazine , which introduced , among other things, development of doctrine. The magazine was discontinued because of prior censorship eliminated a large part of the writings of the magazine.

Early 1900s, the labor movement was headed by a number of critics of religion . The workers' movement in Finland adopted the Marxist atheism of the program challenge the State Church. Finnish Social Democratic Party in the 1903 Forssa program stated:

" Religion must be declared a private matter . The Church is separated from the state and church and religious communities regarded as private associations which organize themselves inward case. Religious education must be removed from the schools .

In the period 1902-05 appeared in Euterpe magazine wrote , among other things , Rolf Lager Borg , Gunnar Castrén and Georg Schauman . Between 1909-17 SE Kristiansson published Free idea of the magazine from 1909 to 1917 . AB Sarlin wrote religious critical book series under the pseudonym Asa JALAS .

In 1905, started operations in the Prometheus Society ( Student Association Prometheus ) , the aim of which was the implementation of freedom of thought . The association activities ( 1905–14 ) were among the participants Edvard Westermarck, Rafael Karsten , Rolf Lager Borg , Knut Tall , Wilhel Bolin , Yrjö Hirn , Georg Schauman, Hjalmar Magnus Eklund, Harry Federley , Söderhjelm , Gunnar Castrén, KH Wiik, Viktor Heikel and Ernst Lampén . The association called for the removal of confessional religious education in schools and the adoption of civil marriage . Westermarck was also a British free - thinker member of the organization. The 1910 mid tense social situation affected the club depression. The civil marriage was made legal in Finland in 1917, by a separate act.

Freethinkers were expecting a lot in 1922, laid down in the independent Republic of Finland uskonnonvapauslailta . The Act came into force at the beginning of 1923 , and to allow citizens to belong to religious communities . Only this law also gave the atheists full civil rights . [4] The people began to leave the church. [9] The requirement for the separation of church and state was not achieved , and Jussi Little Island is his doctoral thesis [12] interpreted the detriment of the Social Democrats katsomuspolitiikalle

Civil Registry

Freethinkers Association aims to between church and state , as well as the promotion of scientific perception of reality. The member of the Federation unions has about 1 500 members. According to its statutes , the Association is a non-religious and non- religious groups of persons formed by the Associations . Its objective is to drive the confessional interests, rights and the rule of law and to promote science-based without religion the reality of an idea of the spread of the religion of criticism and freedom of thought . The Soviet Union is designed to operate nonreligious social and improving the legal status , with initiatives for the public authorities and by acting as a nonreligious, as an advocate in the public debate . The aim is also to provide information about the religious individuals ' rights and obligations , and educating people irreligious way of culture -related methods such as the naming ceremony , aikuistumiskoulutuksessa and festivities , marriage ceremonies and funeral arrangements.

Free - thinkers believes that public authorities should be neutral with respect to religion . The aim is to legislative changes, the state church system, demolition and removal of religious education from schools, day care , as well as state universities . Two of the state church, the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland and Finnish Orthodox Church, will change customary associations , who will inherit the membership fee as well as other associations and church tax through . Churches should not be a public legal status and any privileges.

Leading atheist free-thinkers have been VT Aaltonen, Väinö Voipio, Erkki Hartikainen and Kari Island. In the 1970s and early 1980s, Association Secretary-General Erkki Hartikainen goal was to get your subject in Finnish schools secularist . Hartikainen made in 1978, the complaint of the United Nations Human Rights Committee of the history of religions and in Ethics elementary school curriculum in Finland. The complaint was resolved in 1981 and Finland received ethics in schools as a subject. Since 1985 Hartikainen has led to the Finnish atheist association , which was set up for this , according to Deputy organization in the event that the other organizations of atheists abandon defense of human rights .

Irreligious way of culture

Irreligious way of culture include vuodenaikaisjuhlat and life celebrations such as weddings, Naming ceremony , aikuistumisjuhla , funeral and vuotuisjuhlat .

In Finland, the marriage may be according to the law to enter into certain religious ceremony or carried out by a civil or civil authority confirmed by a marriage . Civil marriage deliver the senior judge , District Judge or the spirit of the author . Siviilivihkimisten share has increased in the 2000s. The main part of a civil occur in Finland the magistrate 's premises during office hours , but many couples have looked to the possibility of a local register office space and office hours outside the consecration .

Birth of the child can be arranged Naming ceremony , in which the child presents family and friends of the family .

Young adulthood preparatory training is organized by the non-religious organizations from 1800 to present . The German aikuistumiskoulu ie Jugendweihe decided feast . Participants are given a diploma and a gift , such as a brooch. In Norway, in 2006 about 17% of the age group went to the humanities aikuistumiskoulun .

Finland was founded in 1990 nonreligious young aikuistumisleirejä organized by Prometheus Camp Association . [59] The camp is usually in the eighth or ninth grade after 14 to 15 years of age. In 2008, the camp was visited by nearly 1 000 young people, representing about 1.5% of the age group . As its name suggests Prometheus camp has received the Greek mythology the Titans Prometheus , who stole fire from the gods and gave it to the people. The camp aims to encourage young people to think about things , to perceive and develop their own philosophy of life , to respect themselves and others and to take responsibility for themselves and the world.Finally, the camp held in celebration, in which the campers members of the family can participate. At the ceremony, campers will head from fresh twigs and flowers on the wreath and neck silver jewelery Prometheus , whose back is engraved with the name of the camper , camp site and the camp of the expiry date .

Believers funeral is traditionally music, saattopuhe and floral tributes . From a religious funeral irreligious opportunity differs in that religious features , such as crosses, hymns and religious speech are absent. Obituaries -religious symbols of the Christian cross instead of the other pictorial motifs , leisure thinkers of the traditional toast to the flame emblem in addition to , for example, flowers and birds . irreligious in Finland a few private cemeteries .

See also

References

  1. ↑ "One 40-year-old woman in five has no children". Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  2. ↑ "Fifth of all Finns non-religious". Helsinki Times. Retrieved 2012-07-13.
  3. ↑ "Church resignations a long-term trend | Yle Uutiset". yle.fi. 2013-07-17. Retrieved 2013-09-28.
  4. ↑ "Is Finland a Secular country?". Finbay. Retrieved 2014-03-24.
  5. ↑ "More Finns Lose Their Religion As The Years Go Passing By". Finbay. Retrieved 2014-03-24.
  6. ↑ Hakusana vapaa-ajattelu teoksessa Otavan suuri ensyklopedia 19, Turgenev – veriryhmät. Helsingissä: Otava. 1981. ISBN 951-1-05082-6.

Bibliography

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