Interpersonal Reactivity Index
The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) is a published measurement tool for the multi-dimensional assessment of empathy. It was developed by Mark H. Davis, a professor of psychology at Eckerd College.[1] The tool is widely used—the paper describing it[1] has been cited 3697 times, according to Google Scholar.[2]
The tool is a self-report comprising 28-items answered on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from “Does not describe me well” to “Describes me very well”.
The four subscales[3] are:
- Perspective Taking – the tendency to spontaneously adopt the psychological point of view of others.
- Fantasy – taps respondents' tendencies to transpose themselves imaginatively into the feelings and actions of fictitious characters in books, movies, and plays.
- Empathic Concern – assesses "other-oriented" feelings of sympathy and concern for unfortunate others.
- Personal Distress – measures "self-oriented" feelings of personal anxiety and unease in tense interpersonal settings.
Example questions:
- 11. I sometimes try to understand my friends better by imagining how things look from their perspective.
- 28. Before criticizing somebody, I try to imagine how I would feel if I were in their place.
References
- 1 2 MH Davis "Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach." Journal of personality and social psychology, 1983 v.44:1 p.113-126
- ↑
- ↑ http://psycnet.apa.org/index.cfm?fa=buy.optionToBuy&id=1983-22418-001
External links
- "Interpersonal Reactivity Index" on Eckerd College website
- Mark H. Davis web page on Eckerd College website
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