Citrus indica

Citrus indica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Sapindales
Family:	Rutaceae
Genus:	Citrus
Species:	C. indica
Binomial name
*Citrus indica* Tanaka

Citrus indica is a species of Citrus known by the common name Indian wild orange.^[1]^[2]

It is native to India.

Taxonomy

Main article: Citrus taxonomy

This wild orange plant is likely one of the ancestors of today's cultivated citrus fruits, if not the main one.^[2] It is considered to be the most "primitive" citrus.^[3] It can be used as a citrus rootstock for cultivated citrus.^[3]

Recent searches of the plant's reported home range confirmed its presence only in Meghalaya, where it grows in the Garo Hills.^[2]

Uses

This species is used for medicinal and spiritual purposes by the Garo people. The fruit is used to treat jaundice and stomach conditions in humans and animals, and it is used to treat smallpox. It is also applied to dead bodies to remove their ghosts.^[3]

Conservation status

This plant is considered to be an endangered species.^[2] Threats to the species have included habitat destruction caused by slash-and-burn (jhum) activity.^[3] This plant requires a specific microclimate,^[2] and appropriate habitat is limited. The Nokrek Biosphere Reserve is an important site for the species, and its presence inspired the creation of the National Citrus Gene Sanctuary within the reserve.^[4]

References

↑ Citrus indica. USDA Germplasm Resources Information Network.
1 2 3 4 5 Malik, S. K., R. Chaudhury, O. P. Dhariwal and R. K. Kalia. (2006). Collection and characterization of Citrus indica Tanaka and C. macroptera Montr.: wild endangered species of northeastern India. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 53 1485-93.
1 2 3 4 Laskar, M. A., M. Hynniewta and C.S. Rao. (2009). In vitro propagation of Citrus indica Tanaka — An endangered progenitor species. Indian Journal of Biotechnology 8 311-16.
↑ Borah, A. Local citrus goes global. Down to Earth January 31, 2009.

Citrus

True species	Byeonggyul Citron Indian wild orange Kumquat Mandarin Mangshanyegan Papeda Pomelo Clymenia Australian and Papuan wild limes

Major hybrids	Grapefruit Lemon Lime Orange

True and hybrid cultivars	Alemow Amanatsu Bergamot orange Bizzaria Bitter orange Blood lime Blood orange Buddha's hand Cam sành Cara cara navel Cherry orange Citrange Citrumelo Clementine Daidai Dekopon Fairchild tangerine Florentine citron Hassaku orange Hebesu Hyuganatsu Imperial lemon Iyokan Jabara Jaffa orange Kabbad Kabosu Kaffir lime Kakadu lime Kalpi Key lime Khasi papeda Kinnow Kishumikan Kiyomi Komikan Laraha Lumia Mandelo Mandora Melanesian papeda Melogold Meyer lemon Murcott Myrtle-leaved orange tree Ōgonkan Orangelo/Chironja Oroblanco Palestinian sweet lime Persian lime Perrine lemon Pixie mandarin Ponderosa lemon Ponkan Rangpur Reikou Rhobs el Arsa Rough lemon Sanboken Satsuma mandarin Setoka Shangjuan Shonan Gold Sudachi Sweet lemon Sweet limetta Tangelo Tangerine Tangor Ugli fruit Valencia orange Variegated pink lemon Winged lime Xã Đoài orange Yuukou mandarin Yuzu

Non-hybrid citrons	Balady citron Corsican citron Diamante citron Fingered citron Greek citron Moroccan citron Yemenite citron

Non-hybrid mandarin oranges	Nanfengmiju Cleopatra mandarin Shīkwāsā

Non-hybrid papedas	Ichang papeda Citrus halimii or Mountain "citron"

Non-hybrid pomelos	Banpeiyu Dangyuja

Australian and Papuan citrus (Microcitrus, Eromocitrus, and Clymenia subgenera)	Australian outback lime Australian round lime Brown River finger lime Desert lime Mount white lime (Microcitrus) New Guinea wild lime Russell River lime Clymenia

Kumquat/Fortunella hybrids (×Citrofortunella)	Calamondin Citrangequat Limequat Orangequat Procimequat Sunquat Yuzuquat

Related genera	Citrus glauca Poncirus/Trifoliate orange Triphasia Brassii Grandifolia Trifolia

Drinks	Chūhai Curaçao Grapefruit juice Lemonade Limeade Orange juice Yuja hwachae Yujacha

Products	Calcium citrate Citric acid Lemonene Limonene Neroli Orange flower water Orange oil Succade Zest

Diseases	Black spot CTV/Tristeza Exocortis Greening Mal secco Phytophthora citricola

Related topics	The Citrus Industry Citrus production Citrus rootstock Citrus taxonomy Cold-hardy citrus Hesperidium Japanese citrus List of citrus fruits Mother Orange Tree Orangery University of California Citrus Experiment Station University of California, Riverside Citrus Variety Collection

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