Abdallah ibn Yasin
| Abdallah Ibn Yasin عبد الله بن ياسين الجزولي التامنراتي | |
|---|---|
| Personal Details | |
| Born | Tamanarte (near Akka, Morocco)[1] |
| Died |
7 July 1059 Krifla (near Rommani, Morocco) |
| Resting place | Mausoleum of Moulay Abdallah in Krifla |
| Occupation |
Religious leader Military leader |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Maliki |
| Creed | Taqlid |
| Disciple of | Waggag ibn Zallu al-Lamti |
|
Influenced
| |
Abdallah Ibn Yasin (died 7 July 1059 C.E. in "Krifla" near Rommani, Morocco)[2] was a theologian and founder of the Almoravid movement and dynasty.
Early life, education and career
Abdallah ibn Yasin was from the tribe of the Jazulah (pronounced Guezula), a Sanhaja sub-tribe from the Sous. He was a Maliki theologian, he was a disciple of Waggag ibn Zallu al-Lamti and studied in his Ribat, "Dar al-Murabitin" which was located in the village of Aglu, (near present-day Tiznit). In 1046 the Gudala chief Yahya Ibn Ibrahim, came to the Ribat asking for someone to promulgate Islamic religious teachings amongst the Berber of the Adrar (present-day Mauritania) and Waggag ibn Zallu chose to send Abdallah ibn Yasin with him. The Sanhaja were at this stage only superficially Islamicised and still clung to many heathen practices, and so Ibn Yasin preached to them an orthodox Sunnism.
After a revolt of the Gudala he was forced to withdraw with his followers. In alliance with Yahya ibn Umar, the leader of the Lamtuna tribe, he managed to quell the rebellion.
Ibn Yasin now formed the Almoravid alliance from the tribes of the Lamtuna, the Masufa and the Gudala, with himself as spiritual leader and Yahya ibn Umar taking the military command. In 1054 the Maghrawa-ruled Sijilmasa was conquered. Ibn Yasin introduced his orthodox rule - amongst other things wine and music were forbidden, non-Islamic taxes were abolished and one fifth of the spoils of war were allocated to the religious experts. This rigorous application of Islam soon provoked a revolt in 1055.
Assassination
Yahya ibn Umar was killed in 1056 in a renewed revolt of the Gudala in the Sahara, upon which Ibn Yasin appointed Yahya's brother Abu-Bakr Ibn-Umar (1056–1087) the new military leader. Abu Bakr destroyed Sijilmasa, but was not able to force the Gudala back into the Almoravid league. He went on to capture Sūs and its capital Aghmat (close to where is now Marrakech) in 1058.
Ibn Yasin died while attempting to subjugate the Barghawata on the Atlantic coast in 1059. His grave is 33 km almost due south of Rabat, near Rommani, overlooking the Krifla River, marked on Michelin maps as the marabout of Sidi Abdallah.[3] A mosque and a mausoleum were built on his grave, the site is still intact today.
See also
References
- ↑ "islamaumaroc Share on facebook Share on twitter Share on google_plusone_share Print Email عبد الله بن ياسين مجدد الإسلام بإفريقية". Retrieved 11 July 2014.
- ↑ Rawd al-Qirtas pp86
- ↑ A. Benachenchou, 1946. Sîdî 'Abdallâh Moul l-Gâra ou 'Abdallâh ibn Yâsîn. Hespéris 33, p. 406-413.
- Norris, H.T. 1971. New evidence on the life of ‘Abdullah B. Yasin and the origins of the Almoravid movement. The Journal of African History, Vol. 12, No. 2 (1971), pp. 255–268.