Horatio C. Burchard

Horatio C. Burchard
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois's 5th district
In office March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1879
Preceded by	Bradford N. Stevens
Succeeded by	Robert M. A. Hawk
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Illinois's 3rd district
In office December 6, 1869 – March 3, 1873
Preceded by	Elihu B. Washburne
Succeeded by	Charles B. Farwell
Personal details
Born	(1825-09-22)September 22, 1825 Marshall, New York
Died	May 14, 1908(1908-05-14) (aged 82) Freeport, Illinois
Political party	Republican

Horatio Chapin Burchard (September 22, 1825 – May 14, 1908) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois, 13th Director of the United States Mint, and father of the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

Born in Marshall, New York, Burchard attended the public schools and private preparatory schools. He was graduated from Hamilton College, Clinton, New York, in 1850. He was a member of the Chi Psi Fraternity at Hamilton. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1854 and commenced practice in Freeport, Illinois. He served as member of the Illinois House of Representatives 1863-1866.

Burchard was elected as a Republican to the Forty-first Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Elihu B. Washburne. He was reelected to the Forty-second and to the three succeeding Congresses and served from December 6, 1869 to March 3, 1879. During his time in the U.S. House of Representatives, he was appointed a member of the powerful Ways and Means Committee where he was made Chairman of the Subcommittee on Internal Revenue. Under his Chairmanship of the Subcommittee on Internal Revenue, the first legislation proposing a peacetime income tax was sponsored and debated. However, no income tax legislation was successful passed during his Chairmanship. He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1878. He served as director of the United States Mint 1879-1885. During his tenure as the Director of the U.S. Mint, he created the Consumer Price Index (CPI), a measurement tool that has become ubiquitous in business and economics. He resumed the practice of law in Freeport. He served as member of the commission to revise the State revenue laws in 1885 and 1886. He was placed in charge of the jury of awards of the mining department of the World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago in 1893. He died in Freeport, and was interred in Oakland Cemetery.

References

• United States Congress. "Horatio C. Burchard (id: B001070)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. 

Directors of the United States Mint
Rittenhouse de Saussure Boudinot R. Patterson Moore R. M. Patterson Eckert Pettit Snowden Pollock Millward Linderman Pollock Linderman Burchard Kimball Leech Preston Roberts Leach Andrew Roberts Woolley von Engelken Baker Scobey Grant Ross Brett Adams Brooks Hackel Sims Pope Ryder Diehl Johnson Fore Moy

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress website http://bioguide.congress.gov.