Herman Badillo

Herman Badillo
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 21st district
In office
January 3, 1973  December 31, 1977
Preceded by James H. Scheuer
Succeeded by Robert Garcia
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 22nd district
In office
January 3, 1971  January 3, 1973
Preceded by Jacob H. Gilbert
Succeeded by Jonathan B. Bingham
8th Borough President of The Bronx
In office
1966–1970
Preceded by Joseph F. Periconi
Succeeded by Robert Abrams
Personal details
Born (1929-08-21)August 21, 1929
Caguas, Puerto Rico
Died December 3, 2014(2014-12-03) (aged 85)
Manhattan, New York, United States
Nationality United States
Political party Democratic until the late 1990s; afterward Republican
Alma mater Brooklyn Law School
City College of New York
Occupation Lawyer
Religion Baptist

Herman Badillo (pronounced bah-DEE-yoh;[1] August 21, 1929 – December 3, 2014) was an American politician who served as borough president of The Bronx and United States Representative, and ran for Mayor of New York City. He was the first Puerto Rican elected to these posts, and the first Puerto Rican mayoral candidate in a major city in the continental United States.

Early years

Badillo was born in Caguas, Puerto Rico. When he was 11 years old, both of his parents died of tuberculosis and he was sent to live with his aunt in New York City. After graduating from the public school system at Haaren High School,[2] Badillo attended and earned a Bachelor's degree from the City College of New York in 1951. In 1954 he received an LL.B. from Brooklyn Law School, graduating first in his class. The next year he was admitted to the New York State Bar. In 1956, he also became a certified public accountant.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Early political career

After joining the Caribe Democratic Club in 1958, Badillo held various offices within the City and State, including Bronx Borough President in 1966. Prior to that he served as New York Commissioner of Housing Preservation and Development.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Embarking on his role as Bronx Borough President in January 1966, Badillo was met with the ongoing advocacy for the preservation of Bronx Borough Hall as a landmark, led by prior Bronx Borough President Joseph F. Periconi. Periconi had, along with several historians, successfully attained landmark status for the building in October 1965, bestowed by the Landmarks Preservation Commission. It was then placed under final review by the Board of Estimate of New York City. On January 27, 1966, the last day of the 90-day review period, the Board voted to revoke the landmark status, deferring to the new incumbent's view on the matter.[13] In 1968 a mysterious fire burned part of the interior. Though still repairable, it was demolished in 1969.

U.S. House of Representatives

In 1970 Badillo was elected to the United States House of Representatives from New York's 21st District in the South Bronx, becoming the first Puerto Rican to so serve. He was re-elected for three subsequent consecutive terms. He was also a member of the Committee on Education and Labor.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

In 1976 he was challenged by South Bronx Councilman Ramon Velez in a contest for the Democratic Party nomination for Congressman of the 21st District. Badillo was reelected easily with 75 percent of the vote. In December of that year, he was one of the five Latino members of Congress who established the Congressional Hispanic Caucus.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Largely by his efforts, job training for unemployed non-English speaking citizens was included in the "Comprehensive Manpower Act of 1973".

Badillo also served on the Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs Committee and the Small Business Committee, where he had a seat on the Minority Enterprise and General Oversight Sub-committee. During his time in office he supported legislation intended to counteract various types of discrimination in employment, including discrimination base on age and marital status.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Although he would later become a vociferous opponent of bilingual education, as a congressman Badillo was one of the first champions of funding for bilingual education programs. Some proponents of bilingual and ESL education, and opponents of English immersion, attacked Badillo for his newfound opposition to Spanish-language teaching. He was also a critical player in the reauthorization of the Voting Rights Act and the inclusion of its language access provisions. During his tenure in Congress, he became an important national spokesperson for Federal investment in urban centers.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Mayoral campaigns

Badillo unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination for mayor of New York in 1969, 1973, 1977, 1981 and 1985, coming closest on his second attempt when he was defeated by then-New York City Comptroller Abe Beame in a runoff primary. In 1981 and 1985 he did not appear on the ballot, but dropped out after early moves to stage a campaign failed to generate broad enough support. In 2001 Badillo unsuccessfully sought the Republican mayoral nomination, losing badly to billionaire businessman and political neophyte Michael Bloomberg who would later prevail in the general election.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Deputy Mayor of New York City

Badillo resigned from Congress on December 31, 1977 to become deputy mayor of New York City under Mayor Ed Koch, a position he held until September 1979. Badillo was one of seven deputy mayors appointed by Koch for the first portion of his administration. As a deputy mayor Badillo handled labor relations and community outreach for Koch. In a major public disagreement with Mayor Koch over the lack of support for his program to revitalize the South Bronx, Badillo resigned his post. Some argue that Badillo made a major career mistake in giving up his Congressional post for this appointed position under Mayor Koch.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Post-City Hall career and State Comptroller campaign

After leaving City Hall, Badillo worked as an attorney in New York City. He supported Mario Cuomo for governor over Koch during the 1982 Democratic Primary. In late 1983 Cuomo appointed Badillo Chairman of the State of New York Mortgage Agency. In 1985 Badillo considered a bid for mayor against Koch in the Democratic Primary. In 1986 Badillo was the Democratic nominee for New York State Comptroller, losing to Republican incumbent Edward Regan. During these years Badillo was also active in Presidential politics, supporting Alan Cranston for the Democratic Presidential Nomination in 1984 and Michael Dukakis in 1988.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

City Comptroller campaign

In 1993, Badillo - though still a Democrat - campaigned for Comptroller of New York City on a "fusion" basis with Republican Rudy Giuliani's mayoral campaign. He also sought the Democratic nomination, but finished third, behind Alan Hevesi and the incumbent Comptroller, Elizabeth Holtzman. Although Giuliani won the general election, Badillo, running on the Republican and Liberal party lines, was defeated by Hevesi.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Giuliani Administration and CUNY Chairmanship

Badillo held a series of positions with the Giuliani administration, serving as the mayor's Special Counsel on education policy and as Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the City University of New York.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

In his capacity as Giuliani's education advisor, Badillo advocated increased mayoral control of the public schools and a revamped curriculum; he was also Giuliani's liaison to the City's Board of Education. As CUNY Chairman Badillo organized a successful effort to end open enrollment and revamp the curriculum. These actions gained him some support among conservatives but alienated him from the mainstream of the Puerto Rican political leadership, which had been his traditional base.

In 1999, Badillo's remarks about Latino immigrants ignited calls for his dismissal. His reference to recent Dominican Republic and Mexico immigrants as "pure Indians -- Incas and Mayans who are about, you know, five feet tall with straight hair," and never having a "tradition of education" were widely criticized, and he apologized two days later.[14]

Republican Party switch and 2001 Mayoral campaign

In the late 1990s Badillo formally joined the Republican Party. He resigned as education special counsel and CUNY Chairman when announcing his candidacy for Mayor in 2001. Despite his strong support of Mayor Giuliani, Badillo's bid for Mayor never received serious support from Giuliani or the Republican Party, and lost badly in the Republican primary to billionaire Michael Bloomberg, who had just switched parties as Badillo had done earlier.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]

Later career

In 2005, Badillo became "of counsel" to the New York City law firm of Sullivan Papain Block McGrath & Cannavo P.C. In 2006 he joined the conservative Manhattan Institute for Policy Research as a senior fellow.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In January 2011 Badillo joined national personal injury law firm Parker Waichman Alonso as a senior counsel in its New York office.[15] Badillo died on December 3, 2014 of congestive heart failure at the age of 85.[1]

NYS and NYC tickets Herman Badillo ran on

1986 NYS Democratic Ticket

1993 NYC Republican and Liberal ticket

Publications

There is a school in Buffalo, New York called Herman Badillo Bilingual Academy.

See also

References

Political offices
Preceded by
Joseph F. Periconi
Borough President of the Bronx
19661970
Succeeded by
Robert Abrams
United States House of Representatives
Preceded by
Jacob H. Gilbert
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 22nd congressional district

19711973
Succeeded by
Jonathan B. Bingham
Preceded by
James H. Scheuer
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New York's 21st congressional district

19731977
Succeeded by
Robert Garcia
Party political offices
Preceded by
Raymond F. Gallagher
Democratic Nominee for New York State Comptroller
1986
Succeeded by
Carol Bellamy
Preceded by
Albert Lemishow
Republican Nominee for New York City Comptroller
1993
Succeeded by
Annemarie McAvoy
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