Khawaja Muhammad Zaman of Luari

Khawaja Muhammad Zaman of Luari (1713 - 1775 AD : 1125 - 1188 AH) (Sindhi: خواجہ محمد زمان لواري وارو‎) was a sufi saint and poet from Sindh. He was the son of Shaikh Abdul Latif Siddiqi.^[1] His father was a descendant of first Rashidun Caliph Abu Bakr As-Ṣiddīq. Their forefathers had moved to Sindh in Abbasid era.^[2][3]

Biography

Shaikh Abdul Latif was follower of the Naqshbandi sufi sect so Muhammad Zaman learned Quran and Sufi teachings from his father. Then he was sent to Thatta to study further in the Madrassa of Shaikh Muhammad Sadiq Naqshbandi who was a follower of Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai.^[1] There he met Khuwaja Abul Masakin,^[4] who was a sufi saint and a follower of the Sirhandi saints, and, leaving the madrassa of Muhammad Sadiq Naqshbandi, started sufi training under Abul Masakin and receiving the title of Sultan Al Aoliya (Master of Sufis) from him. After some time Abul Masakin appointed him his successor and he went to Mecca for Hajj.^[1] Khawaja Muhammad Zaman then started preaching sufism, training people in the path of divine love.^[5] By this time he was a complete Sheikh. Later, Muhammad Zaman moved to his home town Luari and continued his preaching there.^[4] He attracted masses of people around him.^[6]

By then, he had become so famous that the saint and poet Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai came to Luari to meet him.^[7] Latif expressed his desire to become his disciple but Muhammad Zaman asked him to withdraw from music and musical instruments. Latif replied that "I have spent whole of my life playing these instruments and sufi music, in this last part of my life I cannot surrender it".^[8] After this meeting Latif is said to have repeatedly recited this verse in praise of Hazrat Khuwaja Muhammad Zaman:

سي مون ڏٺا ماء جنين ڏٺو پرين کي تنين سندي ڪا ڪري ن سگھان ڳالھڙي		O mother! I have seen those who have seen the Beloved I am speechless and of them nothing more can be told[1] ^ Cite error: The named reference Abyat was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

He died on January 6, 1775 AD (Dhul-Qadh 4, 1188 AH), and his tomb is in Luari, Sindh.^[6][9]

Poetry

Muhammad Zaman was also a sufi poet. Though he is said to have said hundreds of poems but only 85 have been available in written form. A collection of these poems is Abyat Sindhi (Sindhi poems). Shaikh Abdul Rahim Garhori, one of his disciples,^[10] has written a comprehensive commentary and explanation of these poems, called Sharah Abyat Sindhi. They reflect deep mysteries of sufism and general common sense.^[1] Though he was a Naqshbandi and all Naqshbandi sufis follow Wahdat-ash-Shuhūd he seems to have merged Wahdat-ash-Shuhūd and Wahdat-al-Wujūd in his poerty.^[11] He says:

سرتيون سٽ ڪپاھ ماريو م منصور کي ٿي ترڪيب تباھ وحدت وايُ وات مِ		O friends! do not kill Mansoor as yarn is nothing else but cotton itself in modified form When assemblage is gone, there is no difference between two and one will definitely shout of the unity of existence.[1] ^ Cite error: The named reference Abyat was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

This implies that claim of Mansoor Ana-al-Haqq (I am God : Haqq is a name of God in Islam) was not pointless as he had discovered the fact that his existence and that of universe was nothing but the manifestation of God's attributes, as yarn is nothing but cotton, therefore Mansoor should not be killed. At some other point he says in favour of Shuhūd:

پاڻي لھر پسڻ مِ برابر ٿيا ڪي اتي يُ اڙيا ڪي لنگھي مقصد مڙيا		Water and waves seem to be one thing, not two Some thought it is the reality while some perceived non existence of waves on their own.[1] ^ Cite error: The named reference Abyat was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Means waves have no real existence of their own and are merely movement in water, in the same way, while the universe does not have its own existence, it is not the same as God. But generally it is considered that he was neither on side of Wahdat-al-Shuhūd completely nor in complete favour of Wahdat-al-Wujūd, instead he combined both ideologies to show that the differences in between them were merely of words and not real.^[11]

References

External links

• Sindh Government, Auqaf Department http://www.sindh.gov.pk/dpt/usharzakaat/khwajazaman.htm
• Abyat Sindhi https://archive.org/details/SharahAbyatSindhi
• Nukaat-us-soofiya https://archive.org/details/Nukaat-us-soofiya-ArabicCommentaryOnSindhiSufiPoetryarabic
• http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/Intl/pakistan.htm#8