Harlem River Drive

Harlem River Drive
369th Harlem Hellfighters Drive
Map of New York City with Harlem River Drive highlighted in red
Route information
Maintained by NYSDOT
Length:	4.20 mi[1] (6.76 km)
Existed:	1964 – present
Restrictions:	No commercial vehicles
Major junctions
South end:	FDR Drive in East Harlem
	Willis Avenue Bridge in East Harlem Third Avenue Bridge in East Harlem I-95 / US 1 in Highbridge Park
North end:	10th Avenue / Dyckman Street in Inwood–Fort George
Location
Counties:	New York
Highway system
Numbered highways in New York Interstate U.S. N.Y. (former) Reference County

The Harlem River Drive, officially designated the 369th Harlem Hellfighters Drive, is a 4.20-mile (6.76 km) long north–south parkway in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It runs along the west bank of the Harlem River from the Triborough Bridge in East Harlem to 10th Avenue in Inwood, where the parkway ends and the road continues north as Dyckman Street. The portion of the Harlem River Drive from the Triborough Bridge to the Alexander Hamilton Bridge is a limited-access highway. South of the Triborough Bridge, the parkway continues toward lower Manhattan as FDR Drive. All of the Harlem River Drive is designated New York State Route 907P (NY 907P), an unsigned reference route. The parkway opened to traffic in 1964. The parkway's ceremonial designation is in honor of the 369th Infantry Regiment, also known as the Harlem Hellfighters.

Route description

Northern terminus of the parkway at Dyckman Street and Tenth Avenue in Inwood

The Harlem River Drive begins at exit 17 of the FDR Drive in East Harlem section of Manhattan. The parkway crosses under 125th Street alongside the Harlem River. Bending to the northwest, the Harlem River Drive crosses under Willis Avenue, passing west of the Willis Avenue Bridge. Proceeding southbound, exit 19 is present, connecting to 125th Street and the Willis Avenue Bridge. The Harlem River Drive proceeding northwest, crosses under the Third Avenue Bridge, reaching exit 21 northbound, a junction for 135th Street. Southbound, exit 20 connects to Park Avenue. Continuing northward, the Harlem River Drive continues north under the Madison Avenue Bridge. Southbound, the Harlem River Drive meets exit 22, a junction to 142nd Street and Fifth Avenue.^[2]

Crossing under 145th Street, the Harlem River Drive passes east of the 145th Street subway station on the IRT Lenox Avenue Line (3 train). It then passes directly east of the Lenox Yard and the Harlem – 148th Street station. The Harlem River Drive crosses under the Macombs Dam Bridge, 155th Street, and Seventh Avenue before crossing northbound exit 23, a left exit to Frederick Douglass Boulevard. Then, the parkway goes east of the Polo Grounds site and merges with the southbound exit 23, an exit to Frederick Douglass Boulevard and to a junction with the Harlem River Driveway, which goes south to 155th Street. Shortly after, Harlem River Drive enters exit 24, a four-lane viaduct that rises from the parkway to connect to the George Washington Bridge via I-95 and US 1 along the Trans-Manhattan Expressway, as well to Amsterdam Avenue in Washington Heights.^[2]

The Harlem River Drive continues northeast as a four-lane parkway. Crossing under the Alexander Hamilton Bridge, the Harlem River Drive crosses through High Bridge Park before turning away from the Harlem River in Inwood. The four-lane arterial continues north through Manhattan, entering a junction with Dyckman Street and Tenth Avenue, which is the northern end of the Harlem River Drive.^[2]

History

The Harlem River Speedway in 1903

The Drive originated as the Harlem River Speedway, built from 1894 to 1898 and opened in July of that year, for the exclusive use of horse-drawn carriages and those on horseback - bicyclists were specifically excluded, as were sulkies and drays. The Speedway ran from West 155th Street to Dyckman Street, and soon became a tourist destination, where visitors watched carriage races and boat races on the river. Rich New Yorkers used the Speedway to train their horses and size up those of their friends and competitors.^[3][4] In 1919, motorists were allowed on the Speedway, which was paved in 1922.^[3]

Master builder Robert Moses envisioned the Harlem River Drive as a six-lane road linking the George Washington Bridge and the East River Drive (now the FDR Drive) north of East 125th Street. Traffic from the Triborough Bridge and the several Harlem River bridges joining the Major Deegan Expressway in the Bronx feed into the drive. Sections of the old speedway in the path of the highway were incorporated into the new highway. The cost of the Harlem River Drive is estimated at over $11.7 million and nearly $7 million in acquired lands.^[5] Construction was completed in 1964.

In 2003, the New York State Department of Transportation ceremoniously designated the parkway as the "369th Harlem Hellfighters Drive" in honor of the all-black regiment that fought to defend France during World War I.

Founded in 2010, the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway runs between the river and the drive, from 155th to Dyckman Streets, in a portion of Highbridge Park which had been abandoned and fenced off approximately half a century.^[6]

Exit list

The entire route is in the New York City borough of Manhattan.

Location	mi[1][7]	km	Exit	Destinations	Notes
East Harlem	0.00	0.00	–	FDR Drive south – Battery Park	Continuation beyond RFK Bridge
			17	I-278 (Robert F. Kennedy Bridge) – Bruckner Expressway, Grand Central Parkway	Northbound entrance under construction
			18	Willis Avenue Bridge to I-87 (Deegan Expressway)	Northbound exit only
	0.10– 0.60	0.16– 0.97	19	2nd Avenue / East 125th Street	Northbound exit closed until 2017[8]
	0.60	0.97	–	Third Avenue Bridge	Southbound entrance only
	0.68– 0.90	1.09– 1.45	20	Park Avenue / East 132nd Street	Southbound exit and entrance
	0.71	1.14	21	East 135th Street / Madison Avenue Bridge	Northbound exit only
	0.90– 1.40	1.45– 2.25	22	5th Avenue / West 142nd Street	No northbound exit
Washington Heights	2.10– 2.80	3.38– 4.51	23	Frederick Douglass Boulevard / West 155th Street	Southbound access via Harlem River Driveway
Highbridge Park	3.23	5.20	24	I-95 south / US 1 south / Amsterdam Avenue / West 178th Street – George Washington Bridge	Northbound exit and southbound entrance; exit 1B on I-95 / US 1
Inwood–Fort George	4.20	6.76	–	Dyckman Street / 10th Avenue	At-grade intersection
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi       Incomplete access       Unopened

See also

• New York Roads portal

References

Notes

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Harlem River Drive.

• Harlem River Drive at Alps' Roads • New York State Highway Termini
• NYCRoads.com – Harlem River Drive
• How Harlem River Speedway Became Harlem River Drive from the Museum of the City of New York Collections blog