Gorum language
| Parengi | |
|---|---|
| Gorum | |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Orissa, Andhra Pradesh |
| Ethnicity | 12,600 in Orissa (2001 census)[1] |
Native speakers | possibly extinct (1997)[2] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 |
pcj |
| Glottolog |
pare1266[3] |
Gorum, or Parengi, is a minor Munda language of India. Speakers are shifting to Oriya.
Names
The name Gorum most likely comes from an animal/people prefix go- and root -rum meaning 'people', and is possibly related to the ethnonym Remo (Anderson 2008:381).
Parengi, or Parenga, is of obscure origin.
Status
Gorum is 60% endangered, it is very likely that it will soon be dead because no one who speaks or understands it is under 30 years old. In addition those who know it are likely to deny knowing it.[4] This language seems to have been first researched in 1933, that being the earliest scholarly reference.[5]
Origins
While Gorum is a member of the Munda family, it has taken some things from Dravidian, a language spoken nearby. For example, they tend to doubly inflect on certain types of AVC structures. Another derivation from the Munda language is the use of some Glottals being "creeky voiced"[6]
Distribution
Gorum speakers are located in the following areas of eastern India (Anderson 2008:381).
- Koraput district, Odisha: the former Nandapur and Pottangi taluks
- Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh: Munchingput block
Gutob is spoken to the north of Gorum, and Gta to the west of Gorum.
References
- ↑ Parenga at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
- ↑ Parengi at Ethnologue (15th ed., 2005)
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Parenga". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/4953 Endangered Language Project
- ↑ Sitapati, G.V. 1933. “Pareng.” A Miscellany of Papers Presented to Rao Sahib Mahopadhyaya Gidugu Venkata Ramamurthi. Madras. 145-65
- ↑ Anderson, Gregory D.S. & Felix Rau. 2008. “Gorum.” In: Gregory D.S. Anderson
- Anderson, Gregory D.S (ed). 2008. The Munda languages. Routledge Language Family Series 3.New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-32890-X.
External links
- Endangered Language Project Database
- World Language Movies
- Opino Gomango on Sora language
- Bibliography on the Gorum language
- Gorum Dictionary