German submarine U-660

History

Nazi Germany
Name:	U-660
Ordered:	9 October 1939
Builder:	Howaldtswerke, Hamburg
Yard number:	809
Laid down:	15 February 1941
Launched:	17 November 1941
Commissioned:	8 January 1942
Fate:	Sunk 12 November 1942 in the Mediterranean in position 36°07′N 01°00′W / 36.117°N 1.000°W / 36.117; -1.000Coordinates: 36°07′N 01°00′W / 36.117°N 1.000°W / 36.117; -1.000, by depth charges from HMS Lotus and HMS Starwort.
General characteristics
Class and type:	Type VIIC submarine
Displacement:	769 tonnes (757 long tons) surfaced 871 t (857 long tons) submerged
Length:	67.10 m (220 ft 2 in) o/a 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in) pressure hull
Beam:	6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Draught:	4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)
Installed power:	2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels) 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric)
Propulsion:	2 shafts 2 × diesel engines 2 × electric motors
Speed:	17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged
Range:	8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth:	230 m (750 ft) Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)
Complement:	4 officers, 40–56 enlisted
Armament:	5 × 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four bow, one stern) 14 × torpedoes 1 × 8.8 cm (3.46 in) deck gun (220 rounds) various AA guns
Service record^[1]
Part of:	5th U-boat Flotilla 8 January – 31 July 1942 - Training 9th U-boat Flotilla 1 August – 31 October 1942 29th U-boat Flotilla 1–12 November 1942
Commanders:	Oblt.z.S. Götz Baur 8 January – 12 November 1942
Operations:	1st patrol: 25 July - 6 September 1942 2nd patrol: 3–15 October 1942 3rd patrol: 24 October – 12 November 1942
Victories:	two merchant ships sunk (10,066 GRT) two merchant ships damaged (10,447 GRT)

German submarine U-660 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II. She was laid down on 15 February 1941 by Howaldtswerke, Hamburg as yard number 809, launched on 17 November 1941 and commissioned on 8 January 1942 under Oberleutnant zur See Götz Baur.

Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-660 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged.^[2] She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert GU 343/38–8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).^[2]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).^[2] When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-660 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and an anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.^[2]

Service history

The boat's career began with training at 5th U-boat Flotilla on 8 January 1942, followed by active service on 1 August 1942 as part of the 9th Flotilla. Later, on 1 November 1942, she transferred to operations in the Mediterranean with 29th Flotilla where she served for the remainder of her service.

In 3 patrols she sank 2 merchant ships, for a total of 10,066 gross register tons (GRT), and damaged 2 others.

Wolfpacks

U-660 took part in four wolfpacks, namely

Steinbrinck (6 August 1942 – 11 August 1942)
Lohs (11 August 1942 – 28 August 1942)
Tümmler (3 October 1942 – 11 October 1942)
Wal (10 November 1942 – 12 November 1942)

Fate

U-660 was scuttled on 12 November 1942 in the Mediterranean in position 36°07′N 01°00′W / 36.117°N 1.000°W / 36.117; -1.000, after sustaining damage by depth charges from HMS Lotus and HMS Starwort.

Summary of raiding history

Date	Name	Nationality	Tonnage (GRT)	Fate^[3]
10 August 1942	Condylis	Greece	4,439	Damaged
10 August 1942	Cape Race	United Kingdom	3,807	Sunk
10 August 1942	Empire Reindeer	United Kingdom	6,259	Sunk
10 August 1942	Oregon	United Kingdom	6,008	Damaged

References

↑ Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-660". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
1 2 3 4 Gröner 1991, pp. 43-46.
↑ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-660". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 23 August 2014.

Bibliography

Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
Edwards, Bernard (1996). Dönitz and the Wolf Packs - The U-boats at War. pp. 91, 98. ISBN 0-304-35203-9.
Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
Sharpe, Peter (1998). U-Boat Fact File. Great Britain: Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-072-9.

External links

Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-660". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 29 December 2014.

German Type VII submarines

Type VIIA	U-27 U-28 U-29 U-30 U-31 U-32 U-33 U-34 U-35 U-36

Type VIIB	U-45 U-46 U-47 U-48 U-49 U-50 U-51 U-52 U-53 U-54 U-55 U-73 U-74 U-75 U-76 U-83 U-84 U-85 U-86 U-87 U-99 U-100 U-101 U-102

Type VIIC	U-69 U-70 U-71 U-72 U-77 U-78 U-79 U-80 U-81 U-82 U-88 U-89 U-90 U-91 U-92 U-93 U-94 U-95 U-96 U-97 U-98 U-132 U-133 U-134 U-135 U-136 U-201 U-202 U-203 U-204 U-205 U-206 U-207 U-208 U-209 U-210 U-211 U-212 U-221 U-222 U-223 U-224 U-225 U-226 U-227 U-228 U-229 U-230 U-231 U-232 U-235 U-236 U-237 U-238 U-239 U-240 U-241 U-242 U-243 U-244 U-245 U-246 U-247 U-248 U-249 U-250 U-251 U-252 U-253 U-254 U-255 U-256 U-257 U-258 U-259 U-260 U-261 U-262 U-263 U-264 U-265 U-266 U-267 U-268 U-269 U-270 U-271 U-272 U-273 U-274 U-275 U-276 U-277 U-278 U-279 U-280 U-281 U-282 U-283 U-284 U-285 U-286 U-287 U-288 U-289 U-290 U-291 U-301 U-302 U-303 U-304 U-305 U-306 U-307 U-308 U-309 U-310 U-311 U-312 U-313 U-314 U-315 U-316 U-331 U-332 U-333 U-334 U-335 U-336 U-337 U-338 U-339 U-340 U-341 U-342 U-343 U-344 U-345 U-346 U-347 U-348 U-349 U-350 U-351 U-352 U-353 U-354 U-355 U-356 U-357 U-358 U-359 U-360 U-361 U-362 U-363 U-364 U-365 U-366 U-367 U-368 U-369 U-370 U-371 U-372 U-373 U-374 U-375 U-376 U-377 U-378 U-379 U-380 U-381 U-382 U-383 U-384 U-385 U-386 U-387 U-388 U-389 U-390 U-391 U-392 U-393 U-394 U-396 U-397 U-398 U-399 U-400 U-401 U-402 U-403 U-404 U-405 U-406 U-407 U-408 U-409 U-410 U-411 U-412 U-413 U-414 U-415 U-416 U-417 U-418 U-419 U-420 U-421 U-422 U-423 U-424 U-425 U-426 U-427 U-428 U-429 U-430 U-431 U-432 U-433 U-434 U-435 U-436 U-437 U-438 U-439 U-440 U-441 U-442 U-443 U-444 U-445 U-446 U-447 U-448 U-449 U-450 U-451 U-452 U-453 U-454 U-455 U-456 U-457 U-458 U-465 U-466 U-467 U-468 U-469 U-470 U-471 U-472 U-473 U-475 U-476 U-477 U-478 U-479 U-480 U-481 U-482 U-483 U-484 U-485 U-486 U-551 U-552 U-553 U-554 U-555 U-556 U-557 U-558 U-559 U-560 U-561 U-562 U-563 U-564 U-565 U-566 U-567 U-568 U-569 U-570 U-571 U-572 U-573 U-574 U-575 U-576 U-577 U-578 U-579 U-580 U-581 U-582 U-583 U-584 U-585 U-586 U-587 U-588 U-589 U-590 U-591 U-592 U-593 U-594 U-595 U-596 U-597 U-598 U-599 U-600 U-601 U-602 U-603 U-604 U-605 U-606 U-607 U-608 U-609 U-610 U-611 U-612 U-613 U-614 U-615 U-616 U-617 U-618 U-619 U-620 U-621 U-622 U-623 U-624 U-625 U-626 U-627 U-628 U-629 U-630 U-631 U-632 U-633 U-634 U-635 U-636 U-637 U-638 U-639 U-640 U-641 U-642 U-643 U-644 U-645 U-646 U-647 U-648 U-649 U-650 U-651 U-652 U-653 U-654 U-655 U-656 U-657 U-658 U-659 U-660 U-661 U-662 U-663 U-664 U-665 U-666 U-667 U-668 U-669 U-670 U-671 U-672 U-673 U-674 U-675 U-676 U-677 U-678 U-679 U-680 U-681 U-682 U-683 U-701 U-702 U-703 U-704 U-705 U-706 U-707 U-708 U-709 U-710 U-711 U-712 U-713 U-714 U-715 U-716 U-717 U-718 U-719 U-720 U-721 U-722 U-731 U-732 U-733 U-734 U-735 U-736 U-737 U-738 U-739 U-740 U-741 U-742 U-743 U-744 U-745 U-746 U-747 U-748 U-749 U-750 U-751 U-752 U-753 U-754 U-755 U-756 U-757 U-758 U-759 U-760 U-761 U-762 U-763 U-764 U-765 U-766 U-767 U-768 U-771 U-772 U-773 U-774 U-775 U-776 U-777 U-778 U-779 U-821 U-822 U-825 U-826 U-901 U-903 U-904 U-905 U-907 U-921 U-922 U-923 U-924 U-925 U-926 U-927 U-928 U-951 U-952 U-953 U-954 U-955 U-956 U-957 U-958 U-959 U-960 U-961 U-962 U-963 U-964 U-965 U-966 U-967 U-968 U-969 U-970 U-971 U-972 U-973 U-974 U-975 U-976 U-977 U-978 U-979 U-980 U-981 U-982 U-983 U-984 U-985 U-986 U-987 U-988 U-989 U-990 U-991 U-992 U-993 U-994 U-1051 U-1052 U-1053 U-1054 U-1055 U-1056 U-1057 U-1058 U-1101 U-1102 U-1131 U-1132 U-1161 U-1162 U-1191 U-1192 U-1193 U-1194 U-1195 U-1196 U-1197 U-1198 U-1199 U-1200 U-1201 U-1202 U-1203 U-1204 U-1205 U-1206 U-1207 U-1208 U-1209 U-1210

Type VIIC/41	U-292 U-293 U-294 U-295 U-296 U-297 U-298 U-299 U-300 U-317 U-318 U-319 U-320 U-321 U-322 U-323 U-324 U-325 U-326 U-327 U-328 U-691 U-827 U-828 U-929 U-930 U-995 U-997 U-998 U-999 U-1000 U-1001 U-1002 U-1003 U-1004 U-1005 U-1006 U-1007 U-1008 U-1009 U-1010 U-1013 U-1014 U-1015 U-1016 U-1017 U-1018 U-1019 U-1020 U-1021 U-1022 U-1023 U-1024 U-1025 U-1063 U-1064 U-1065 U-1103 U-1104 U-1105 U-1106 U-1107 U-1108 U-1109 U-1110 U-1163 U-1164 U-1165 U-1166 U-1167 U-1168 U-1169 U-1170 U-1171 U-1172 U-1271 U-1272 U-1273 U-1274 U-1275 U-1276 U-1277 U-1278 U-1279 U-1301 U-1302 U-1303 U-1304 U-1305 U-1306 U-1307 U-1308

Type VIID	U-213 U-214 U-215 U-216 U-217 U-218

Type VIIF	U-1059 U-1060 U-1061 U-1062

Preceded by: Type II Followed by: Type IX List of U-boats of Germany

Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in November 1942

Shipwrecks	2 Nov: Empire Antelope, Empire Leopard 4 Nov: Hobbema, U-132 5 Nov: U-408 6 Nov: City of Cairo 7 Nov: Eveleen, Ha-11, USS Majaba 8 Nov: Albatros, Brestois, Boulonnais, Fougueux, Frondeur, HMS Hartland, Milan, Primauguet, Surprise, Tornade, Tramontane, HMS Walney, West Humhaw 9 Nov: HMS Cromer, USS Leedstown, Typhon 10 Nov: HMS Broke, I-15, HMS Ibis, Jean Bart, HMS Martin, Méduse 11 Nov: USS Joseph Hewes, HMS Unbeaten, Viceroy of India 12 Nov: USS Edward Rutledge, USS Erie, USS Hugh L. Scott, USS Tasker H. Bliss, HMS Tynwald, U-272, U-660 13 Nov: Akatsuki, USS Atlanta, USS Barton, USS Cushing, Empire Wold, HNLMS Isaac Sweers, USS Juneau, Kinugasa, USS Laffey, USS Monssen, U-411, Yūdachi 14 Nov: Hiei, Scillin, U-595, U-605 15 Nov: HMS Algerine, HMS Avenger, Ayanami, USS Benham, Kirishima, USS Preston, U-98, U-259, USS Walke 16 Nov: Irish Pine, U-173 17 Nov: U-331 18 Nov: Krasnoye Znamya, Tower Grange 19 Nov: USS YP-26 20 Nov: Prins Harald 21 Nov: U-517 24 Nov: Hayashio 25 Nov: HMS Utmost 27 Nov: Aigle, Algérie, Bordelais, Casque, Cassard, Colbert, Commandant Teste, D'Iberville, Dunkerque, Dupleix, Foch, Foudroyant, Gerfaut, Guépard, Jean de Vienne, Kersaint, La Galissonnière, Lion, Lynx, Mameluk, Marseillaise, Mogador, Panthère, Provence, Siroco, Strasbourg, Tartu, Tigre, Trombe, Valmy, Vauban, Vauquelin, Vautour, Vénus, Verdun 28 Nov: Empire Cromwell, HMS Ithuriel, Nova Scotia, Thomas T. Tucker 29 Nov: Dunedin Star 30 Nov: USS Northampton, HMCS Quinte, Takanami, Thor, Uckermark Unknown date: La Sibylle, Saint Edmond, U-184

Other incidents	7 Nov: USS Thomas Stone 8 Nov: HMS Broke, USS Leedstown 9 Nov: Wandle 14 Nov: USS Electra 15 Nov: HMCS Saguenay 16 Nov: USS Electra 17 Nov: Piemonte 20 Nov: HMS Bramham 27 Nov: Scuttling of the French fleet in Toulon 28 Nov: USS Alchiba 29 Nov: Akka

1941 1942 1943 October 1942 December 1942

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