Fujian Province, Republic of China

This article is about the administrative province of the Republic of China. For the province of the People's Republic of China, see Fujian.
Fujian Province
福建省
Streamlined Province

The parts of Fujian province (depicted in red) which are still in ROC's control.
Country Republic of China
Split of Fukien August 17, 1949
Streamlined July 16, 1956
Demilitarized November 7, 1992
Provincial capital Fuzhou (1921-1949)
Kinmen County (Jincheng Township) (1949-1956)
Taipei County (Xindian City) (1956-1996)
Kinmen County (Jincheng Township) (1996-)
Government
  Governor Chang Ching-sen
Area
  Total 180.4560 km2 (69.6745 sq mi)
Population (2014)
  Total 133,456
  Density 740/km2 (1,900/sq mi)
Demonym(s) Kinmenese, Matsunese
Time zone Asia/Taipei (UTC+8)
Postal code 209–212, 890–896
Area code(s) (0)82, (0)826, (0)836
ISO 3166 code TW
Counties 2
Website www.fkpg.gov.tw
Fujian Province
Chinese 福建
Postal Fukien

Fujian Province, formerly romanized as Fukien Province (Chinese: 福建省; pinyin: Fújiàn Shěng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hok-kiàn-séng, see other names below), is a streamlined province of the Republic of China (ROC). It includes the small archipelagos of Kinmen (Quemoy) and Matsu Islands off the southeast coast of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The seat of the provincial government is Jincheng Township of Kinmen County.

The current Fujian Province under ROC control was once part of a larger Fujian Province, which consisted of a mainland portion and some islands. After the Chinese Civil War of 1949, the majority of the historical province became Fujian, People's Republic of China, while the remaining islands remained under ROC control, which compose 0.5% of ROC's territories.

History

Main article: Fujian

During the Chinese Civil War, the ROC lost control of mainland China, including most of Fujian province, and was forced to relocate to Taiwan, while the victorious Chinese Communist forces established the PRC in 1949, subsequently the capital of Fujian was also moved from Foochow to Jincheng. In the Battle of Guningtou, however, ROC forces were able to defend the island of Quemoy (Kinmen) just off the coast of Fujian from communist attack. As a result, the ROC has been able to hold on to a number of offshore islands of Fujian, and has continued to maintain a separate Fujian Provincial Government to govern these islands, parallel to the province of Fujian in mainland China.

In 1956, due to heightened potential for military conflict with the PRC, the ROC central government moved the Fujian provincial government out of Fujian to within Taiwan Province in Xindian (now part of New Taipei), and the islands were placed under an extraordinarily tight military administration due to their extreme proximity to mainland China. This was an unusual situation where the government of a province was located and operating in a different province. With the easing of cross-strait relations between the PRC and ROC and the democratization of the ROC in the 1990s, the islands were returned to civilian government in 1992. On January 15, 1996, the provincial government moved back to Kinmen, on Fujian soil.[1]

Recently, the ROC has significantly diluted the powers of the two provinces it governs, namely Taiwan and Fujian. Most of the authority at the Fujian province level has been delegated to the two county governments of Kinmen and Lienchiang.

Subdivisions

Fujian province comprises two counties: Kinmen County and Lienchiang County. These islands have a total area of 182.66 km² and a total population of 71,000 (2001).

The following are the islands of Fujian under the administration of the ROC, given by county:

Kinmen County (金門縣)Lienchiang County (連江縣)
  • Kinmen (金門島)
  • Lesser Kinmen (小金門島)
  • Wuqiu Islands (烏坵嶼)
    • Daqiu (大坵)
    • Xiaoqiu (小坵)
  • Dongding (東碇)
  • Dadan (大擔) and Erdan (二擔)
  • Matsu Islands (馬祖列島)
    • Nangan (南竿島)
    • Beigan (北竿島)
    • Juguang (莒光列島)
      called Baiquan Islands (白犬列岛) by the PRC
    • Dongyin (東引島) and Xiyin (西引島)
    • Minor islands: Liang (亮島), Gaodeng (高登),

The PRC claims Kinmen as Jinmen County, Quanzhou, Fujian; Matsu Islands as Mazu Township, Lianjiang County, Fuzhou, Fujian.

Government

A Fujian provincial branch government office building, in Shuitou Village, Jincheng Township, Kinmen

List of Chairpersons

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of Office Political Party
1 Yang Shu-chuang[2]
楊樹莊
Yáng Shùzhuāng
(1882–1934)
1 May 1927 7 December 1932 Kuomintang
Concurrently held position as Minister of the Navy.
Chen Nai-yuan
陳乃元
Chén Nǎiyuán
5 February 1929 6 January 1930 Kuomintang
As acting; head of Provincial Civil Affairs Department.
Fang Sheng-tao
方聲濤
Fāng Shēngtāo
(1885–1934)
6 January 1930 7 December 1932 Kuomintang
As acting; head of Provincial Public Security Department.
2 Chiang Kuang-nai[2]
蔣光鼐
Jiǎng Guāngnài
(1888-1967)
7 December 1932 20 December 1933 Kuomintang
3 Chen Yi
陳儀
Chén Yí
(1883-1950)
12 January 1934 28 August 1941 Kuomintang
4 Liu Chien-hsü[2]
劉建緒
Liú Jiànxù
(1892-1978)
28 August 1941 16 September 1948 Kuomintang
5 Li Liang-jung
李良榮
Lǐ Liángróng
(1906-1967)
16 September 1948 20 January 1949 Kuomintang
6 Chu Shao-ling[2]
朱紹良
Zhū Shàoliáang
(1891-1963)
20 January 1949 4 October 1949 Kuomintang
Fang Chih[3]
方治
Fāng Zhì
(1895–1989)
18 August 1949 30 September 1949 Kuomintang
As acting; Member of the National Assembly.
Huang Chin-tao
黃金濤
Huáng Jīntāo
(1888–1957)
30 September 1949 23 November 1949 Kuomintang
As acting; head of Provincial Public Works Department.

After Relocation to Kinmen

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)
Term of Office Political Party
7 Hu Lien
胡璉
Hú Liǎn
(1907–1977)
23 November 1949 1 February 1955 Kuomintang
Concurrently held position as Commander of the Kinmen Defense Command. Provincial Government relocated to Xindian, Taipei County, Taiwan on 4 December 1949.
8 Tai Chung-yu
戴仲玉
Dài Zhòngyù
(1910–1986)
1 February 1955 21 May 1986 Kuomintang
Longest serving chairperson. Died in office.
9 Wu Chin-tzan
吳金贊
Hú Liǎn
(1935–2012)
20 June 1986 9 February 1998 Kuomintang
Provincial Government returned to Kinmen on 15 January 1996.
10 Yen Chung-cheng
顏忠誠
Yán Zhōngchéng
10 February 1998 21 May 2007 Kuomintang
Yang Cheng-hsi
楊誠璽
Yáng Chéngxǐ
21 May 2007 28 November 2007 Kuomintang
As acting; head of the First Division of the Provincial Government.
11 Chen Chin-jun
陳景峻
Chén Jǐngjùn
(1956–)
28 November 2007 20 May 2008 Democratic Progressive Party
Concurrently held position as Secretary General of the Executive Yuan.
12 Hsueh Hsiang-chuan
薛香川
Xūe Xiāngchuān
(1944–)
20 May 2008 10 September 2009 Kuomintang
Concurrently held position as Secretary General of the Executive Yuan.
13 James Hsueh
薛承泰
Xūe Chéngtài
(1956–)
10 September 2009 18 February 2013 Kuomintang
Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.
14 Chen Shyh-kwei[4]
陳士魁
Chén Shìkúi
(1952–)
18 February 2013 1 August 2013 Kuomintang
Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.
15 Luo Ying-shay
羅瑩雪
Luó Yíngxuě
(1951–)
1 August 2013 29 September 2013 Kuomintang
Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio and as Minister of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission.
16 Schive Chi[5]
薛琦
Xuē Qí
29 September 2013 25 March 2014
Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.
17 John Deng
鄧振中
Dèng Zhènzhōng
(1952–)
25 March 2014 7 December 2014
Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.
18 Woody Duh
杜紫軍
Dù Zǐjūn
(1959–)
7 December 2014 31 January 2016 Independent
Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.
19 Lin Chu-chia
林祖嘉
Lín Zǔjiā
(1956–)
31 January 2016 20 May 2016
Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio and as Minister of the National Development Council.
20 Chang Ching-sen
張景森
Zhāng Jǐngsēn
(1959–)
20 May 2016 Incumbent Independent
Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.

See also

References

  1. Fujian Provincial Government website
  2. 1 2 3 4 Cahoon, Ben. "China Provinces and Administrative Divisions". www.worldstatesmen.org. World Statesmen. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
  3. Cahoon, Ben. "China Provinces and Administrative Divisions". www.worldstatesmen.org. World Statesmen. Retrieved 2 October 2015. (In Columns) “(May 1949 - 23 Nov 1949) (Fang Zhi) (Fang Chih) (Nationalist) (at Kinmen from 17 Aug 1949) (b. 1895 - d. 1989)”
  4. "Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan)-Executive Yuan Officials". Ey.gov.tw. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
  5. "Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan)-Executive Yuan Officials". Ey.gov.tw. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
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