Friars School, Bangor

Ysgol Friars is a comprehensive school in Bangor, Gwynedd, and one of the oldest schools in Wales.

History

1557 Establishment

Detail from John Speed map of 1610, the only surviving image of the original school building

The school was founded by Geoffrey Glyn, Doctor of Laws, who had been brought up in Anglesey and had followed a career in law in London.^[1] A friary had been established in Bangor by the Dominican Order, or Black Friars, in the 13th century.^[2] At the Dissolution of the Monasteries, the friary was wound up in 1538.^[3] Geoffrey Glyn bought the site with a view to establishing a Grammar School. In his will dated 8 July 1557, he left the property and endowments towards establishing the school.

The will had left the property to his brother William Glyn, Bishop of Bangor and Maurice Griffith, Bishop of Rochester to execute his wishes. Unfortunately both of these were to die in the following year,^[4] but they further transferred the will to Sir William Petre, a former Secretary of State, Sir William Garrard, a former Lord Mayor of London and Simon Lowe, a London merchant tailor, who were able to execute Geoffrey Glyn's intentions.^[5]

Although a school had been meeting in the city before this date,^[5][6] the new school was only formally established when it received letters patent from Elizabeth I in 1561. The school was to be known as The free grammar school of Geoffrey Glyn, Doctor of Laws, but because of the connection with the Black Friars, later became known as "Friars School". The letters patent established the Dean and Chapter of Bangor Cathedral as the corporation to govern the school. In 1568, statutes were adopted to regulate the schools, based closely on the statutes of Bury St. Edmunds School in Suffolk, founded a few years earlier.^[5][7]

The school has been established to provide a free grammar school education for the boys of the poor. This comprised a classical education, in Latin and Greek only.^[8] The children who benefited were not the most poor, but the middle class preparing for a career in the ministry or the law like Geoffrey Glyn himself.

The school was maintained from income on the endowments left by Geoffrey Glyn and later benefactors, mainly rents on land in Southwark and a rent charge on land in Oswestry purchased using money left by Glyn.^[9]

The school continued in the old friary, close to the banks of the River Adda for over two centuries (at 53°13′52″N 4°07′26″W / 53.231°N 4.124°W / 53.231; -4.124 (Friars School 1557 site)).

The second building, 1789

Friars School building of 1789 to 1900

Under the patronage of John Warren, Bishop of Bangor – a colourful and controversial character – the school was transferred to a better site, a little further from the river. This was financed partly by closing the school in 1786, an accumulating the money saved from the endowment for a building fund. The new school was built for £2,076 12s 5½d, and opened in 1789 on a site (at 53°13′48″N 4°07′19″W / 53.230°N 4.122°W / 53.230; -4.122 (Friars School 1789 site)), all closer to the High Street and the present Glynne Road.^[10]

The curriculum slowly developed to include mathematics, writing and other subject more familiar to today's school students.

The school's fortunes were varied. The move boosted the school. But by the middle of the 19th century, under the headship of Totton, the schools’ reputation suffered, and ultimately lost so many pupils that it was forced to close in 1861.^[11] It re-opened in 1866 and a new headmaster, Lewis Lloyd appointed in 1872, when a new secular governing body was introduced in place of the Dean and Chapter.^[12]

In 1881, an epidemic of typhoid in Bangor caused the school to move to Penmaenmawr to avoid the disease.^[13] The bottom of the valley, especially close to the river, was unhygienic, and this episode engendered consideration of moving away to a fresh site.

At this time, too, the Welsh Intermediate Education Act 1889 introduced a state system of secondary education in Wales. Some charity and private schools were exempted from its provisions and there had been advocates for Friars, too, to be exempted, but ultimately this brought Friars School into the state system, under Caernarfonshire County council.^[14]

The third building, 1900

Friars School Ffriddoedd building, site of the school 1900–1999

With contributions from Caernarfonshire County Council, the proceeds of selling the old site, together with a public appeal for funds, a new school was built on Ffriddoedd Road for a cost of £11,600. The architect was John Douglas of Douglas & Minishull, and builders Messrs. James Hamilton & son of Altrincham. A foundation stone was laid by Watkin Herbert Williams, Bishop of Bangor on 12 April 1899, and the building was opened in December 1900 (at 53°13′24″N 4°08′37″W / 53.2234°N 4.1437°W / 53.2234; -4.1437 (Friars School 1900 site)).^[14]

In moving to the Ffriddoedd site, the intention had been to move out to the countryside. After the typhoid outbreak, and with the unsanitary condition of the lower Adda valley, Ffriddoedd was seen as a healthy rural alternative. However, the development of the city was to catch up. To preserve a little of that rural idyll as the area developed, Dr. R. L. Archer, a former Chairman of the Governors, in 1955 bequeathed to the school a small plot of land. Known as "Dr. Archer's plot", this was to be planted with flowers and kept for ever green.^[15]

In 1957, several events commemorated the fourth centenary of the school. A new stained glass window was installed in the building to mark the event.^[16]

1971 Reorganisation

Up to 1971, Friars had been a grammar school for boys. As a grammar school, education was selective, boys having to pass the eleven plus exam to gain admission.

A significant reorganisation in 1971 combined three schools – Friars School, the Bangor County School for Girls (also a grammar school), and Deiniol School, a co-educational Secondary modern school. The three schools brought together formed a new comprehensive school, under the Friars name, but on three sites. The former girls’ school became the Tryfan site, a Welsh language medium for the lower years, while the Ffriddoedd building was the location of the English language medium lower years. The senior years came together at a new building, built for £300,000^[17] on a new site at Eithinog.

A further reorganisation in 1978 split the school in two: Ysgol Tryfan was formed as an 11–18 Welsh medium school on the Tryfan site. Friars School became a mainly English-medium school on Ffriddoedd and Eithinog sites.

Shoddy building practices of the 1960s meant that the Eithinog building had to be almost completely rebuilt over the following few decades. These were gradually replaced and expanded, until the whole school was able to relocate to Eithinog in 1999. The final contract for completing the school was valued at £5.4 million.^[18]

In that year, the former Friars building at Ffriddoedd was sold to further education college Coleg Menai and continues in educational use.^[16]

Celebrating 450 years

A Service of Commemoration and Thanksgiving was held in Bangor Cathedral in April 2007 to mark 450 years of Friars School.^[19]

The modern school

Since 1999, the present school has been united on the Eithinog site.

It is a comprehensive school for the 11–18 age group, and draws pupils from a wide area around Bangor. The current headteacher is Neil Foden.

Approximately 4% of learners come from Welsh-speaking homes according to the latest Estyn report.^[20] The school is currently categorized as a predominantly English-medium secondary school with significant use of Welsh.^[21] The categorization means that both languages are used in teaching, with 20 - 49% of subjects taught through the medium of Welsh.^[22] In 2016, Councillor Gareth Thomas, Gwynedd Council's Cabinet Member for Education, accepted the Service Scrutiny Committee's recommendation that Ysgol Friars should, with council support, identify opportunities to make further progress in the use of the Welsh language across the curriculum and life of the school.^[23]

The school is also a competitor in the F1 in Schools competition since 2007. The 1st team reached the national final after winning the regional in Bangor University.

Remains and artefacts

Traces of the older sites are seen in names of streets: Friars Avenue, Glynne Road, and building: Friars Terrace, Glyn House. A plaque on houses in Glynne Road records the site of the 1789 buildings.

The Ffriddoedd building has lasted well and is now a Grade II Listed building.^[24] It is well used by Coleg Menai.

Symbols

The school colours are black and yellow, the black deriving from the dress of the Black Friars.

The coat of arms is a double-headed black eagle on a yellow shield. This was taken from the arms of the Glyn family of Glynllifon, in the mistaken impression that these were the arms of Geoffrey Glyn. Despite this error (Geoffrey Glyn's arms having been three saddles), the double-headed eagle survived.^[25]

The Latin motto, Foedere Fraterno – “On with the brotherhood" – again recall the Black Friars.

These symbols, which once graced the caps and blazers of grammar school boys, are today seen on polo shirts and sweatshirts of the modern school.

This is the current logo.

The school's Air Training Corps squadron was granted the number '1557' in recognition of the school's year of foundation. The Air Cadets squadron, which is still located within the school ground is officially known as '1557 (Friars) Squadron'.^[26]

Notable former pupils

• Akira the Don, real name Adam Narkiewicz, independent British rapper and producer^[27]
• Colonel W Alexander, Professor of Civil Engineering from 1906–20 at University College Cork^[28]
• William Ambrose (Emrys) – nonconformist minister and poet^[29]
• Ivor Arnold, Professor of Old French Language and Literature from 1938–52 at the University of Leeds^[30]
• James Atkin, Baron Atkin – lawyer and judge^[31][32]
• Dr Anthony Barrell CB, President from 1993–4 of the Institution of Chemical Engineers (IChemE)^[33]
• Dewi Bebb – Rugby international.^[34][35]
• Rt Rev Arthur Butler MBE, Bishop of Tuam, Killala and Achonry from 1957–69, and Bishop of Connor from 1969–81^[36]
• Dr Herbert Cole CMG, Controller, Fisheries Research and Development from 1972–4 at the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food^[37]
• Hugh David – actor and television director^[17]
• Ednyfed Hudson Davies, Chairman since 1991 of the Lincs FM Group, and Labour MP from 1966–70 for Conwy, and from 1979–83 for Caerphilly^[38]
• John Edward Daniel – academic and politician^[39]
• David Ffrangcon Davies – baritone^[40]
• Gwenan Edwards – television presenter^[41]
• Gruffydd Evans, Baron Evans of Claughton, President of the Liberal Party (UK) from 1977–8^[42]
• Ifan Freeman CMG, Registrar from 1965–72 of the University of Malawi^[43]
• William R. P. George – lawyer, poet and politician^[44]
• James Gray – mathematician and physicist,^[45] and Cargill Professor of Applied Physics from 1920–34 at the University of Glasgow
• Tony Gray – Rugby international and coach.^[35]
• George Guest CBE – organist and choirmaster^[46]
• Frederick Jacob, entomologist, Director for 1968–77 of the Pest Infestation Control Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, and President from 1976–7 of the Association of Applied Biologists^[47]
• Humphrey Jones – international footballer^[48]
• Maurice Jones – priest and educator^[49]
• Harold King CBE FRS, chemist^[50]
• Reuben Levy, Persian scholar, Professor of Persian at the University of Cambridge
• Frederick Llewellyn-Jones, Liberal MP from 1929–35 for Flintshire^[51]
• Dewi Llwyd – BBC journalist and broadcaster
• Iwan Llwyd – poet^[52][53]
• Angus McDermid – BBC journalist and broadcaster.^[54]
• Robert Mills-Roberts – surgeon and international footballer
• George Osborne Morgan – politician^[55]
• John Morris-Jones – scholar and poet^[56]
• Michael Mullinar – 1895–1973 Pianist, composer, teacher. Dedicatee Ralph Vaughan Williams 6th Symphony.
• Goronwy Owen – poet^[57][58]
• Richard Parry-Jones - engineer ^[59]
• Lt-Col David Price-White – politician,^[60] Conservative MP from 1945–50 for Caernarvon Boroughs
• Rt Rev Eric Roberts, Bishop of St David's from 1971–82^[61]
• Meirion Thomas FRS, Professor of Botany from 1946–60 at King's College, Newcastle upon Tyne^[62]
• Theo Shields, beach artist^[63]
• Thomas John Thomas – international footballer^[48][64]
• Sir Hugh Corbet Vincent – Rugby player once capped for Wales, unsuccessful parliamentary candidate and prominent solicitor^[65]
• Prof John Vallance-Owen, Professor of Medicine from 1966–82 at Queen's University Belfast^[66]
• Sir Huw Wheldon OBE MC, broadcaster, managing director from 1968–75 of BBC TV, and President from 1979–85 of the Royal Television Society (RTS)^[67]
• Sir Wyn Powell Wheldon DSO, Registrar from 1920–33 of the University College of North Wales,^[68] and father of Huw
• Philip Bruce White FRS, microbiologist^[69]
• Very Rev John Frederick Williams, Dean of Llandaff from 1971–77^[70]
• Sir Ifor Williams, Welsh Scholar^[71]
• Very Rev Carlyle Witton-Davies^[72]

See also

• List of non-ecclesiastical and non-residential works by John Douglas

References

Notes

Bibliography

• Barber, H. & Lewis, H. (1901) The History of Friars School, Jarvis & Foster
• Clarke, M. L. (1955) The Elizabethan Statutes of Friars School, Bangor, Transactions of Caernarfonshire Historical Society, Volume 16, pp. 25–28
• Davies, Gareth Alban (2007), Maurice Griffin (?-1558), Esgob Rochester, Transactions of Caernarfonshire Historical Society, 68, pp. 13–50
• Griffith, W. P. (1988), Some Passing Thoughts on the Early History of Friars School, Bangor, Transactions of Caernarfonshire Historical Society, 49, pp. 117–150
• Jones, Clifford M. (ed.) (2007), Friars School, Bangor 1557–2007: The Effect of the Reformation on Education in North Wales Mostly reprinting earlier articles referred to here, but with some new material.
• Jones, E. W. & Haworth, J. (eds.) (1957) The Dominican, No.66, Friars School
• Price, D. R. A History of Friars School in White, S.I. (ed.) Bangor: from a Cell to a City (1994)

External links

• School Website
• Friars, Ffriddoedd Building (Bangor Civic Society)
• Early photograph of Ffriddoedd from the Wickens Collection (Gwynedd Archives)
• Friars Primary School, Southwark
• Old Dominicans Association