Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea

Ethiopian–Eritrean Federation
1952–1962
Flag of Ethiopia Flag of Eritrea
Motto "Ethiopia Stretches Her Hands unto God"
Anthem Ityopp'ya Hoy[1] Ethiopia, Be Happy
Location of the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea in the Horn of Africa.
Capital		Addis Ababa
Languages		Amharic Tigrinya[2] Arabic[2]
Government		Federation
Emperor of Ethiopia
•	throughout	Haile Selassie I
Prime Minister of Ethiopia
•	1952–1957	Makonnen Endelkachew
•	1957–1960	Abebe Aregai
•	1960	Imru Haile Selassie
•	1961–1962	Aklilu Habte-Wold
Chief Executive of Eritrea
•	1952–1955	Tedla Bairu
•	1955–1959	Asfaha Woldemikael
•	1959–1962	Abiye Abebe
Legislature		Imperial Federal Council
Historical era		Cold War
•	Federation	15 September 1952
•	Eritrean War of Independence	1961–1991
•	Annexation of Eritrea	15 November 1962
Area		1,221,900 km² (471,778 sq mi)
Currency		Ethiopian dollar
Preceded by Succeeded by Ethiopian Empire British Military Administration (Eritrea) Ethiopian Empire
Today part of		Ethiopia  Eritrea

The Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea or Ethiopian–Eritrean Federation^[3] was a federation of the Ethiopian Empire and Eritrea. It was created by the approval of the Federal Act in Ethiopia and the Eritrean Constitution on 15 September 1952.

Prior to the annexation of Eritrea, the Chief Justice of Eritrea was removed and the official Eritrean languages were eliminated in favor of Ethiopia's national language Amharic.^[4] During the Federation, the encroachment of the Ethiopian Crown was felt on the Chief Executive of Eritrea. This was in direct contravention of the UN Resolution 390-A(V) which had established the Federation.^[5]

The federal structure, or some semblance of it, existed between 15 September 1952 and 15 November 1962.^[3] On 15 November 1962, following pressure from Haile Selassie I on the Eritrean Assembly,^[6] the Federation was officially dissolved and Eritrea was annexed by Ethiopia.

References

1. ↑ www.nationalanthems.info
2. 1 2 Official languages of the Federation alongside Amharic until 1956.
3. 1 2 Siegbert Uhlig, et al. (eds.) (2005). Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, Vol. 2: D-Ha. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. pp.405–409
4. ↑ Killion, Tom (1998). Historical Dictionary of Eritrea. The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-3437-5. 
5. ↑ Haile, Semere (1987). "The Origins and Demise of the Ethiopia-Eritrea Federation". Issue. Issue: A Journal of Opinion, Vol. 15. 15: 9. doi:10.2307/1166919. JSTOR 1166919. 
6. ↑ Habteselassie, Bereket (1989). Eritrea and the United Nations and Other Essays. Red Sea Press. ISBN 0-932415-12-1. 

External links

• 390 (V) – Eritrea: Report of the United Nations Commission for Eritrea; Report of the Interim Committee of the General Assembly on the Report of the United Nations Commission for Eritrea