Facies (medical)

In medical contexts, a facies is a distinctive facial expression or appearance associated with specific medical conditions.

It comes from the Latin word for "face".^[1]

As a fifth declension noun,^[2] "facies" can be both singular and plural.

Types

Examples include:

• Hippocratic face (also known as "Hippocratic facies"; eyes are sunken, temples collapsed, nose is pinched with crusts on the lips and the forehead is clammy)
• moon face (also known as "Cushingoid facies")
• elfin facies - Williams syndrome
• Potter facies - oligohydramnios
• mask like facies - parkinsonism
• Leonine facies - lepromatous leprosy
• Mitral facies - mitral stenosis
• Amiodarone facies (deep blue discoloration around malar area and nose)
• Acromegalic facies - acromegaly
• flat facies - Down's syndrome
• Marfanoid facies - Marfan's syndrome
• snarling facies - myasthenia gravis
• Myotonic facies - myotonic dystrophy
• torpid facies - myxoedema
• mouse facies - chronic renal failure
• plethoric facies - Cushing's syndrome and polycythemia vera
• 'bird-like' facies- Pierre Robin sequence
• ashen grey facies - myocardial infarction
• gargoyle facies - Hurler's syndrome
• monkey facies - marasmus
• hatchet facies - myotonia atrophica
• gorilla-like face - acromegaly
• bovine facies or cow face - craniofacial dysostosis or crouzons syndrome
• marshall halls facies - hydrocephalus
• frog face - intra nasal disease
• Coarse facies - many inborn errors of metabolism
• Adenoid facies - developmental facial traits caused by adenoid hypertrophy, nasal airway obstruction and mouthbreathing; really a form of long face syndrome.
• Lion-like facies - involvement of craniofacial bones in Paget disease of Bone

References

See also

• Body habitus

External links

• Face in Clinical Medicine
• wikt:facies