FC Spartak Moscow
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| Full name |
Футбольный клуб Спартак Москва (Football Club Spartak-Moscow) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Nickname(s) |
Narodnaya komanda (The People's Team) Krasno-Belye (The Red-Whites) Myaso (Meat) | ||
| Founded | 18 April 1922 | ||
| Ground | Otkrytie Arena | ||
| Capacity | 45,360 | ||
| Owner | Leonid Fedun | ||
| Chairman | Sergey Rodionov | ||
| Manager | Massimo Carrera | ||
| League | Russian Premier League | ||
| 2015–16 | 5th | ||
| Website | Club home page | ||
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FC Spartak Moscow (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Спартак» Москва [spɐrˈtak mɐˈskva]) is a Russian football club from Moscow. Having won 12 Soviet championships (second only to Dynamo Kyiv) and a record 9 Russian championships, they are the country's most successful club. They have also won a record 10 Soviet Cups and 3 Russian Cups. Spartak have also reached the semi-finals of all three European club competitions.
Historically, the club was a part of the Spartak sports society. Other teams in the society include ice hockey club HC Spartak Moscow. Currently, the club is not connected with Spartak sports society and is an independent privately owned organization.
History
Foundation
In the early days of Soviet football, many government agencies such as the police, army and railroads created their own clubs. So many statesmen saw in the wins of their teams the superiority over the opponents patronizing other teams. Almost all the teams had such kind of patrons—Dinamo with the police, CSKA with the army and Spartak, created by a trade union public organization was considered to be "the people's team."
In 1922, the Moscow Sport Circle (Moscow sport club of Krasnopresnensky district) (МКС, Московский кружок спорта), later named Krasnaya Presnya, was formed by Ivan Artemyev and involved Nikolai Starostin, especially in its football team. The team grew, building a stadium, supporting itself from ticket sales and playing matches across the Russian SFSR. As part of a 1926 reorganization of football in the Soviet Union, Starostin arranged for the club to be sponsored by the food workers union and the club moved to the 13,000 seat Tomsky Stadium, known as Pishcheviki. The team changed sponsors repeatedly over the following years as it competed with Dinamo Moscow, whose 35,000 seat Dinamo Stadium lay close by.
As a high-profile sportsman, Starostin came into close contact with Alexander Kosarev, secretary of the Komsomol (Communist Union of Youth) who already had a strong influence on sport and wanted to extend it. In November 1934, with funding from Promkooperatsiia, Kosarev employed Starostin and his brothers to develop his team to make it more powerful. Again the team changed its name, this time to Spartak Moscow.
The club founders, four Starostin brothers, played a big role in the formation of the team. The Starostins played for the red-whites in the 1930s but right before World War II they were subjected to repression as the leaders of the most hated team by the state authorities. Elder brother Nikolai Starostin wrote in his books that he had survived in the State Prison System due to his participation in football and with Spartak. After the political rehabilitation, in 1954, he would later return to the team as the squad's manager.
Soviet period
In 1935, Starostin proposed the name Spartak that was derived from Spartacus, a gladiator-slave who led a rebellion against Rome, and was inspired by eponymous book by Raffaello Giovagnoli. Starostin is also credited with the creation of the Spartak logo.[1] The same year, the club became a part of newly created Spartak sports society.
Czechoslovak manager Antonin Fivebr is credited as the first head coach of Spartak, though he worked as a consultant in several clubs simultaneously.[2] In 1936, the Soviet Top League was established, where its first championship was won by Dynamo Moscow while Spartak won its second, which was held in the same calendar year. Before World War II, Spartak earned two more titles.[3] In 1937 Spartak won the football tournament of Workers' Olympiad at Antwerp.
During the 1950s, Spartak, together with Dynamo, dominated the Soviet Top League. When the Soviet national team won gold medals at the Melbourne Olympics, it consisted largely of Spartak players. Spartak captain Igor Netto was the captain of the national team from 1954 to 1963. In the 1960s, Spartak won two league titles, but by the mid-1960s, Spartak was no more regarded as a leading Soviet club. The club was even less successful in the 1970s and in 1976 Spartak was relegated into the lower league.
During the following season, the stadium was still full as the club's fans stayed with the team during its time in the lower division. Konstantin Beskov, who became the head coach (ironically, as a footballer Beskov made his name playing for Spartak's main rivals, Dynamo), introduced several young players, including Rinat Dasayev and Georgi Yartsev. Spartak came back the next year and won the title in 1979, beating Dynamo Kyiv and thanks to Spartak supporters, the period is considered to be the start of the modern-style fans' movement in the Soviet Union.
On 20 October 1982, disaster struck during the UEFA Cup match between Spartak and Dutch club HFC Haarlem. Sixty-six people died in a stampede during the match,[4] making it Russia's worst sporting disaster.
In 1989, Spartak won the its last USSR Championship, rivals Dynamo Kyiv 2–1 in the closing round. Spartak's striker Valery Shmarov scored the "golden" free kick with almost no time left. The next season, Spartak reached the European Cup semi-final, consequently eliminating Napoli on penalties and Real Madrid (with 3–1 away victory), but losing to Marseille.
Modern period
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A new page in the club’s history began when the Soviet Union collapsed and its championship ceased to exist. In the newly created Russian league, Spartak, led by coach and president Oleg Romantsev, dominated and won all but one title between 1992 and 2001. Year-after-year the team also represented Russia in the Champions League.
Problems began in the new century, however. Several charismatic players (Ilya Tsymbalar and Andrey Tikhonov among others) left the club as a result of conflict with Romantsev. Later, Romantsev sold his stock to oil magnate Andrei Chervichenko, who in 2003 became the club president. The two were soon embroiled in a row that would continue until Romantsev was sacked in 2003 with the club suffering several sub-par seasons until Chervichenko finally sold his stock in 2004. The new ownership made a number of front office changes with the aim of returning the team to the top of the Russian Premier League.[5]
In the 2005 season, Spartak, led by Aleksandrs Starkovs, finished second in the league following an impressive run to beat Lokomotiv Moscow, Zenit Saint Petersburg and Rubin Kazan to the last Champions League place.
Following a mixed start to the 2006 season and public criticism from Dmitry Alenichev, the team's captain and one of its most experienced players, Starkovs left his position to Vladimir Fedotov.
Spartak has been entitled to place a golden star on its badge since 2003 to commemorate winning five Russian championships in 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996 and 1997. They have won the championship another four times since 1997. Since 2013, the club have added another three stars as rules allowed teams to include titles won during the Soviet era.
Achievements
Domestic competitions
- Soviet Cup / Russian Cup: 13
- Runners-up : none
- USSR Federation Cup: 1
- Runners-up : none
International competitions
Non-official
- Runners-up : none
- Copa del Sol: 1
- Runners-up : none
Notable European campaigns
| Season | Achievement | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Cup / UEFA Champions League | |||
| 1980–81 | Quarter-final | eliminated by Real Madrid 0–0 in Tbilisi, 0–2 in Madrid | |
| 1990–91 | Semi-final | eliminated by Marseille 1–3 in Moscow, 1–2 in Marseille | |
| 1993–94 | Group stage | finished third in a group with Barcelona, AS Monaco and Galatasaray | |
| 1995–96 | Quarter-final | eliminated by Nantes 2–2 in Moscow, 0–2 in Nantes | |
| 2000–01 | Second group stage | Finished fourth in a group with Bayern Munich, Arsenal and Lyon | |
| UEFA Cup Winners' Cup | |||
| 1972–73 | Quarter-final | eliminated by Milan 0–1 in Moscow, 1–1 in Milan | |
| 1992–93 | Semi-final | eliminated by Antwerp 1–0 in Moscow, 1–3 in Antwerp | |
| UEFA Cup | |||
| 1983–84 | Quarter-final | eliminated by Anderlecht 2–4 in Brussels, 1–0 in Tbilisi | |
| 1997–98 | Semi-final | eliminated by Internazionale 1–2 in Moscow, 1–2 in Milan | |
| UEFA Europa League | |||
| 2010–11 | Quarter-final | eliminated by Porto 1–5 in Porto, 2–5 in Moscow | |
UEFA Team Ranking 2015
| Rank | Country | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|---|
| 51 |  | Celtic | 38.030 |
| 52 |  | Roma | 37.968 |
| 53 |  | Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk | 37.333 |
| 54 |  | Spartak Moscow | 36.699 |
| 55 | .svg.png){kind=small} | Racing Genk | 36.500 |
| 56 | | Fiorentina | 36.488 |
| 57 |  | Trabzonspor | 36.440 |
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League history
Soviet Union
Season Div. Pos. Pl. W D L GS GA P Cup Europe Top scorer (league) Manager/acting manager 1936 (s) 1st 3 6 3 1 2 12 7 13 - - Glazkov – 4 Kozlov1936 (a) 1 7 4 2 1 19 10 17 QF - Glazkov – 7 Kozlov1937 2 16 8 5 3 24 16 37 R16 - Rumyantsev – 8 Kvashnin1938 1 25 18 3 4 74 19 39 W - Sokolov – 18 Kvashnin P.Popov1939 1 26 14 9 3 58 23 37 W - Semyonov – 18 P.Popov1940 3 24 13 5 6 54 35 31 - - Semyonov – 13 Kornilov – 13 Gorokhov1944 no league competition SF - - Kvashnin1945 10 22 6 3 13 22 44 15 R16 - Timakov – 7 Isakov Vollrat1946 6 22 8 5 9 38 40 21 W - Salnikov – 9Vollrat1947 8 24 6 9 9 34 26 21 W - Dementyev – 9Vollrat1948 3 26 18 1 7 64 34 37 RU - Konov – 15 Kvashnin1949 3 34 21 7 6 93 43 49 SF - Simonyan – 26 Dangulov1950 5 36 17 10 9 77 40 44 W - Simonyan – 34 Dangulov1951 6 28 13 5 10 50 35 31 QF - Simonyan – 10 Dangulov Gorokhov Glazkov1952 1 13 9 2 2 26 12 20 RU - Paramonov – 8 Sokolov1953 1 20 11 7 2 47 15 29 QF - Simonyan – 14 Sokolov1954 2 24 14 3 7 49 26 31 R16 - Ilyin – 11 Sokolov1955 2 22 15 3 4 55 27 33 SF - Parshin – 13 Gulyaev1956 1 22 15 4 3 68 28 34 - - Simonyan – 16 Gulyaev1957 3 22 11 6 5 43 28 28 RU - Simonyan – 12 Gulyaev1958 1 22 13 6 3 55 28 32 W - Ilyin – 19 Gulyaev1959 6 22 8 8 6 32 28 24 - - Isaev – 8 Gulyaev1960 7 30 15 7 8 52 32 37 R16 - Ilyin – 13 Simonyan1961 3 30 16 8 6 57 34 40 R16 - Khusainov – 14 Simonyan1962 1 32 21 5 6 61 25 47 R16 - Sevidov – 16 Simonyan1963 2 38 22 8 8 65 33 52 W - Sevidov – 15 Simonyan1964 8 32 12 8 12 34 32 32 SF - Sevidov – 6 Simonyan1965 8 32 10 12 10 28 26 32 W - Khusainov – 5 Reingold – 5 Simonyan1966 4 36 15 12 9 45 41 42 QF - Osyanin – 15 Gulyaev1967 7 36 13 14 9 38 30 40 R32 CWC R16 Khusainov – 8 Salnikov Simonyan1968 2 38 21 10 7 64 43 52 R32 - Khusainov – 14 Simonyan1969 1 32 24 6 2 51 15 54 R32 - Osyanin – 16 Simonyan1970 3 32 12 14 6 43 25 38 QF - Khusainov – 12 Simonyan1971 6 30 9 13 8 35 31 31 W ECC R32 Kiselyov – 5 Silagadze – 5 Piskarev – 5 Simonyan1972 11 30 8 10 12 29 30 26 RU UC R32 Papaev – 4 Andreev – 4 Piskarev – 4 Simonyan1973 4 30 14 8 8 37 28 31 QF CWC QF Piskarev – 12 Gulyaev1974 2 30 15 9 6 41 23 39 QF - Piskarev – 10 Gulyaev1975 10 30 9 10 11 27 30 28 R16 UC R64 Lovchev – 8 Gulyaev1976 (s) 14 15 4 2 9 10 18 10 - UC R16 Pilipko – 2 Lovchev – 2 Bulgakov – 2 Krutikov1976 (a) 15 15 5 3 7 15 18 13 R32 - Bulgakov – 6 Krutikov1977 2nd 1 38 22 10 6 83 42 54 R16 - Yartsev – 17 Beskov1978 1st 5 30 14 5 11 42 33 33 R16 - Yartsev – 19 Beskov1979 1 34 21 10 3 66 25 50 Qual. - Yartsev – 14 Beskov1980 2 34 18 9 7 49 26 45 SF - Rodionov – 7 Beskov1981 2 34 19 8 7 70 40 46 RU ECC QF Gavrilov – 21 Beskov1982 3 34 16 9 9 59 35 41 Qual. UC R32 Shavlo – 11 Beskov1983 2 34 18 9 7 60 25 45 R16 UC R16 Gavrilov – 18 Beskov1984 2 34 18 9 7 53 29 45 QF UC QF Rodionov – 13 Beskov1985 2 34 18 10 6 72 28 46 R16 UC R16 Rodionov – 14 Beskov1986 3 30 14 9 7 52 21 37 SF UC R16 Rodionov – 17 Beskov1987 1 30 16 11 3 49 26 42 R16 UC R16 Rodionov – 12 Cherenkov – 12 Beskov1988 4 30 14 11 5 40 26 39 QF UC R32 Rodionov – 12 Beskov1989 1 30 17 10 3 49 19 44 QF ECC R16 Rodionov – 16 Romantsev1990 5 24 12 5 7 39 26 29 R16 UC R32 Shmarov – 12 Romantsev1991 2 30 17 7 6 57 30 41 QF ECC SF Mostovoi – 13 Radchenko – 13 Romantsev1992 - - W UC R32 - Romantsev
Russia
Season Div. Pos. Pl. W D L GS GA P Cup Europe Top scorer (league) Manager/acting manager 1992 1st 1 26 18 7 1 62 19 43 - - Radchenko – 12 Romantsev1993 1 34 21 11 2 81 18 53 R32 CWC SF Beschastnykh – 18 Romantsev1994 1 30 21 8 1 73 21 50 W UCL GS Beschastnykh – 10 Romantsev1995 3 30 19 7 5 76 26 63 SF UCL GS Shmarov – 16 Romantsev1996 1 35 22 9 4 72 35 75 RU UCL QF Tikhonov – 16 Yartsev1997 1 34 22 7 5 67 30 73 QF UC R32 
Kechinov – 11 Romantsev1998 1 30 17 8 5 58 27 59 W UCL
UCQual.
SF Tsymbalar – 10 Romantsev1999 1 30 22 6 2 75 24 72 R32 UCL GS Tikhonov – 19 Romantsev2000 1 30 23 1 6 69 30 70 SF UCL
UCGS
R32 Titov – 13 Romantsev2001 1 30 17 9 4 56 30 60 QF UCL 2nd GS Titov – 11 
Robson – 11 Romantsev2002 3 30 16 7 7 49 36 55 R32 UCL GS Beschastnykh – 12 Romantsev2003 10 30 10 6 14 38 48 36 W UCL GS Pavlyuchenko – 10 Romantsev Chernyshov Fedotov2004 8 30 11 7 12 43 44 40 R32 UC
UICR16
QF Pavlyuchenko – 10 Scala 
Starkov2005 2 30 16 8 6 47 26 56 R32 - Pavlyuchenko – 11 Starkov2006 2 30 15 13 2 60 36 58 RU - Pavlyuchenko – 18 Starkov Fedotov2007 2 30 17 8 5 50 30 59 SF UCL
UCGS
R32 Pavlyuchenko – 14 Fedotov Cherchesov2008 8 30 11 11 8 43 39 44 R32 UCL
UCQual.
R32 Bazhenov – 6 Pavlyuchenko – 6 Pavlenko – 6 Welliton – 6 Cherchesov 
M. Laudrup2009 2 30 17 4 9 61 33 55 QF - Welliton – 21 M. Laudrup Karpin2010 4 30 13 10 7 43 33 10 R16 UCL
UCQual.
GS Welliton – 19 Karpin2011–12 2 44 21 12 11 68 48 75 R16 UC Qual 
Emenike – 13 Karpin2012–13 4 30 15 6 9 51 39 51 R16 UCL GS 
Y. Movsisyan – 13
Emery Karpin2013–14 6 30 15 5 10 46 36 50 R16 UC Qual Y. Movsisyan – 16 Karpin Gunko2014–15 6 30 12 8 10 42 42 43 R16 - 
Promes – 13
Murat Yakin2015–16 5 30 15 5 10 48 39 50 R16 - Promes – 18 Dmitri Alenichev2016-17 UC Qual Dmitri Alenichev
Most league goals for Spartak
As of 2 December 2011 (min. 50)
- Nikita Simonyan: 133
- Sergey Rodionov: 119
- Galimzyan Khusainov: 102
- Fyodor Cherenkov: 95
- Yuri Gavrilov: 90
- Yegor Titov: 87
- Anatoli Ilyin: 83
- Yuri Sevidov: 71
- Roman Pavlyuchenko: 69
- Andrey Tikhonov: 68
- Sergei Salnikov: 64
- Aleksei Paramonov: 63
- Welliton: 57
- Vladimir Beschastnykh: 56
- Anatoli Isayev: 54
- Valeri Shmarov: 54
- Georgi Yartsev: 54
- Nikolai Osyanin: 50
Nickname
The team is usually called "red-and-whites," but among the fans "The Meat" (Russian: "Мясо", "Myaso") is a very popular nickname. The origins of the nickname belong to the days of the foundation of the club; in the 1920s, the team was renamed several times, from "Moscow Sports Club" to "Red Presnya" (after the name of one of the districts of Moscow) to "Pishcheviki" ("Food industry workers") to "Promkooperatsiya" ("Industrial cooperation") and finally to "Spartak Moscow" in 1935, and for many years the team was under patronage of one of the Moscow food factories that dealt with meat products.
One of the most favourite slogans of both the fans and players is, "Who are we? We're The Meat!" (Russian: "Кто мы? Мясо!", "Kto my? Myaso!")
Rival teams and friendships
At present, Spartak's archrival is CSKA Moscow, although this is a relatively recent rivalry that has only emerged in the last 20 years. Seven of ten matches with the largest audience in Russian Premier League (including top three) were Spartak-CSKA derbies.[6] Historically, the most celebrated rivalry is with Dynamo Moscow, a fiercely contested matchup which is Russia's oldest derby. However, this has faded somewhat due to Dynamo's mediocre performances in recent years. Matches against Lokomotiv Moscow and Zenit Saint Petersburg attract thousands of people as well, almost always resulting in packed stadia. Upon the collapse of the Soviet Union, Spartak's rivalry with Dynamo Kyiv, one of the leaders of the USSR championship, was lost. Since Dynamo Kyiv now plays in the Ukrainian Premier League, both teams must qualify for UEFA tournaments to meet each other.
Since the mid-2000s the supporters of Spartak maintain brotherhood relations with Red Star Belgrade and Olympiacos Piraeus ultras – a friendship based on common Orthodox faith and same club colours. Also fans of Spartak have friendship relations with Torpedo Moscow supporters.
Stadium
Spartak had never had its own stadium, with the team historically playing in various Moscow stadia throughout its history, even once playing an exhibition match in Red Square. Throughout its history, the team played home games at various Moscow stadiums - especially on the "Locomotive" and "Luzhniki". After the purchase of the club Andrei Chervichenko in the early 2000s they were made several statements about the speedy construction of the stadium, but construction has not begun.
After controlling stake in the club was bought by Leonid Fedun, they were taken real steps to promote the stadium project, and in 2006 the Government of Moscow has been allocated land Tushino Aeropol size of 28.3 hectares for the construction of the stadium. The project involved the main arena of 42 000 people with natural lawn and sports and entertainment hall for tennis, handball, basketball and volleyball for 12 000 spectators. At the time of construction of the stadium was completed and reopen located near metro station "Volokolamskaya" Violet Metro Line, canned in 1975 and received before the opening of the name Spartak. The ceremony of laying the first stone took place June 2, 2007.
February 19, 2013 it was announced that as a result of the agreement with the bank "Otkrytie" ("Discovery") stadium for 6 years will be called "Otkrytie Arena". The opening match at the new stadium took place on September 5, 2014, when the Spartak took the Serbian "Red Star" (1: 1). The first official match took place on September 14, 2014, in 7 th round of the championship Spartak Russia defeated Moscow "Torpedo" 3: 1.
Players
As of 28 September 2016
Current squad
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Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
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Personnel
- Owner: Leonid Fedun
- Chairman: Sergey Rodionov
- Director of communications: Leonid Trakhtenberg
- Stadium manager: Oleksandr Atamenko
- Manager: Massimo Carrera
- Assistant Manager: Roman Pylypchuk
- Goalkeeping coach: Gianluca Riommi
- Physical training coach: Javier Noya Salces
- Masseur team: Andrey Pronchev, Evgeny Lavrushko
- Medical Director: Mikhail Vartapetov
- First–team medic:
Liu Hungsheng - First–team medic: Andrey Grishanov
- Rehabilitation coach: Diego Mantovani
- Rehabilitation coach: Dmitri Mironov
- Reserves team Manager: Dmitri Gunko
- Reserves team Assistant Manager: Vladimir Dzhubanov
- Reserves team Goalkeeping coach: Rinat Dasaev
Managers
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Kit manufacturers and shirt sponsors
| Period | Kit Manufacturer | Shirt Sponsor |
|---|---|---|
| 1979–87 | Adidas | |
| 1988 | Danieli | |
| 1989 | JINDO | |
| 1990–93 | Unipack | |
| 1994–96 | Urengoygazprom | |
| 1997–98 | Akai | |
| 1999 | ||
| 2000–02 | Lukoil | |
| 2003–04 | Umbro | |
| 2005– | Nike |
Affiliated clubs
Notable players
Had international caps for their respective countries, or held any club record. Players whose name is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for Spartak. For further list, see List of FC Spartak Moscow players.
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References
- ↑ History of Spartak, fcspartak.ru (Russian)
- ↑ "History of Spartak 1936" (in Russian). Retrieved 28 November 2007.
- ↑ Robert Edelman, Spartak Moscow: A History of the People's Team in the Worker's State. Cornell University Press, 2009.
- ↑ Зайкин, В. (20 July 1989). Трагедия в Лужниках. Факты и вымысел. Известия (in Russian) (202). Retrieved 6 February 2012.
- ↑ All-star Spartak rise again, Eduard Nisenboim, uefa.com
- ↑ Samye poseschaemye matchi v istorii chempionatov Rossii(Russian)
Further reading
- Edelman, Robert (2009). Spartak Moscow: A History of the People's Team in the Workers' State. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-4742-6.
- Riordan, Jim (2008). Comrade Jim: The Spy Who Played for Spartak.
External links
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