Environmental movement in Switzerland

The environmental movement in Switzerland is represented by a wide range of associations (non-governmental organisations).

The article also present green politics and environmental policies of Switzerland.

Organisations

Organisations exist and act on local, cantonal, federal and international scales. Environmental non-governmental organisations vary widely in political views and in the way they seek to influence environmental behaviours and policies.

Governmental

Non-governmental

Political parties

Environmental policy of Switzerland

Legislation

In 1874, an article to protect forests was introduced in the Swiss Federal Constitution.[5] In 1962, a constitutional article was introduced for the protection of nature.[5]

In 1967, the Federal Act on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage introduced notably the right of appeal of environmental organisations ("entitlement to appeal", article 12) which gives all Swiss organisations concerned with nature protection the right to raise general objections or to file appeals against some projects.[6][7] The right of environmental organisations to appeal was later also included in the Federal Act on the Protection of the Environment (1985, article 55[8]) and the Federal Act on Non-Human Gene Technology (2004, article 28[9]).[7]

In 1971, a constitutional article for the protection of the environment is approved by 92.7 percent of voters (article 24, currently article 74 of the constitution of 1999) and the Federal Office for the Environment, Forests and Landscape (renamed Federal Office for the Environment in 2006) was founded (as part of the Department of Transport, Communications and Energy).[10]

The Federal Inventory of Landscapes and Natural Monuments was introduced in 1977.

Popular initiatives

Several federal popular initiative were launched to increase environmental protection. Several of them were accepted:[11]

See also

Notes and references

  1. Stephanie Summermatter: Protection of nature in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. (Page visited on 27 September 2016).
  2. Alexis Schwarzenbach: WWF in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. (Page visited on 27 September 2016).
  3. Andrea Weibel: Greenpeace in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. (Page visited on 27 September 2016).
  4. 1 2 Ruedi Brassel-Moser: Greens in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. (Page visited on 27 September 2016).
  5. 1 2 (French) Philippe Roch, article « Écologie en Suisse (histoire) » in Dominique Bourg and Alain Papaux, Dictionnaire de la pensée écologique, Presses universitaires de France, 2015, pages 325-328 (ISBN 978-2-13-058696-8).
  6. Federal Act on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage of 1 July 1966, status as of 12 October 2014, Federal Chancellery of Switzerland (page visited on 4 October 2016).
  7. 1 2 (French) Droit de recours des organisations, Federal Office for the Environment (page visited on 4 October 2016).
  8. Federal Act on the Protection of the Environment of 7 October 1983, status as of 1 August 2016, Federal Chancellery of Switzerland (page visited on 4 October 2016).
  9. Federal Act on Non-Human Gene Technology of 21 March 2003, status as of 1 June 2014, Federal Chancellery of Switzerland (page visited on 4 October 2016).
  10. Environment in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. (Page visited on 27 September 2016).
  11. (French) Michel Guillaume, "L'économie suisse promet de verdir", Le temps, Monday 26 September 2016, page 4. This article only shows the results of three votations: the Rothenthurm initiative, the Alps initiative and the Franz Weber initiative.
  12. (French) Initiative populaire fédérale 'pour la protection des marais - Initiative de Rothenturm', Federal Chancellery of Switzerland (page visited on 27 September 2016).
  13. (French) Initiative populaire fédérale 'Halte à la construction de centrales nucléares (moratoire)', Federal Chancellery of Switzerland (page visited on 27 September 2016).
  14. (French) Initiative populaire fédérale 'pour la protection des régions alpines contre le trafic de transit', Federal Chancellery of Switzerland (page visited on 27 September 2016).
  15. (French) Initiative populaire fédérale 'pour des aliments produits sans manipulations génétiques', Federal Chancellery of Switzerland (page visited on 27 September 2016).
  16. (French) Initiative populaire fédérale 'pour en finir avec les constructions envahissantes de résidences secondaires', Federal Chancellery of Switzerland (page visited on 27 September 2016).

Bibliography

External links

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