Endemic goitre

Endemic goitre

A woman, probably from inland of Norway, with goiter, probably due to iodine deficiency.
Classification and external resources
Specialty	endocrinology
ICD-10	E01.0-E01.2
ICD-9-CM	240.9
DiseasesDB	4222
MeSH	D006043

Endemic goitre is a type of goitre that is associated with dietary iodine deficiency.^[1]^[2]

Some inland areas where soil and water lacks in iodine compounds and consumption of marine foods is low are known for higher incidence of goitre. In such areas goitre is said to be "endemic".

This type of goitre is easily preventable. In most developed countries regulations have been put into force by health policy institutions requiring salt, flour or water to be fortified with iodine.

Treatment of endemic goitre is medical with iodine and thyroxine preparations. Surgery is only necessary in cases where complicated by significant compression of nearby structures.

References

↑ "Endemic Goitre (Medical condition)". Encyclopedia of Britannica. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
↑ BA, Lamberg. "Endemic goitre : Iodine disorders". Endocrine Research Laboratory, University of Helsinki, Finland. Pubmed. Retrieved 24 September 2013.

External links

Network for Sustained Elimination of Iodine Deficiency

Diseases of the endocrine system (E00–E35, 240–259)

Pancreas/
glucose
metabolism

Hypofunction	Diabetes mellitus types: type 1 type 2 MODY 1 2 3 4 5 6 complications coma angiopathy ketoacidosis nephropathy neuropathy retinopathy cardiomyopathy insulin receptor (Rabson–Mendenhall syndrome) Insulin resistance

Hyperfunction	Hypoglycemia beta cell (Hyperinsulinism) G cell (Zollinger–Ellison syndrome)

Hypothalamic/
pituitary axes

Hypothalamus

gonadotropin
- Kallmann syndrome
- Adiposogenital dystrophy
CRH (Tertiary adrenal insufficiency)
vasopressin (Neurogenic diabetes insipidus)
general (Hypothalamic hamartoma)

Pituitary

Hyperpituitarism	anterior Acromegaly Hyperprolactinaemia Pituitary ACTH hypersecretion posterior (SIADH) general (Nelson's syndrome)

Hypopituitarism	anterior Kallmann syndrome Growth hormone deficiency Hypoprolactinemia ACTH deficiency/Secondary adrenal insufficiency GnRH insensitivity FSH insensitivity LH/hCG insensitivity posterior (Neurogenic diabetes insipidus) general Empty sella syndrome Pituitary apoplexy Sheehan's syndrome Lymphocytic hypophysitis

Thyroid

Hypothyroidism	Iodine deficiency Cretinism Congenital hypothyroidism Myxedema Euthyroid sick syndrome

Hyperthyroidism	Hyperthyroxinemia Thyroid hormone resistance Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia Hashitoxicosis Thyrotoxicosis factitia Graves' disease

Thyroiditis	Acute infectious Subacute De Quervain's Subacute lymphocytic Autoimmune/chronic Hashimoto's Postpartum Riedel's

Goitre	Endemic goitre Toxic nodular goitre Toxic multinodular goiter Thyroid nodule

Parathyroid

Hypoparathyroidism	Hypoparathyroidism Pseudohypoparathyroidism Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism

Hyperparathyroidism	Primary Secondary Tertiary Osteitis fibrosa cystica

Adrenal

Hyperfunction	aldosterone: Hyperaldosteronism/Primary aldosteronism Conn syndrome Bartter syndrome Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism AME Liddle's syndrome 17α CAH cortisol: Cushing's syndrome (Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome) sex hormones: 21α CAH 11β CAH

Hypofunction/ Adrenal insufficiency (Addison's, WF)	aldosterone: Hypoaldosteronism 21α CAH 11β CAH cortisol: CAH Lipoid 3β 11β 17α 21α sex hormones: 17α CAH

Gonads

general: Hypogonadism (Delayed puberty)
Hypergonadism
- Precocious puberty
Hypoandrogenism
Hypoestrogenism
Hyperandrogenism
Hyperestrogenism
Postorgasmic illness syndrome

Height

Multiple

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome multiple
- APS1
- APS2
Carcinoid syndrome
Multiple endocrine neoplasia
- 1
- 2A
- 2B
Progeria
Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome

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