Downtown Cairo

Talaat Harb Square, the heart of Downtown Cairo.

Qasr El Eyni Street, leading to Tahrir Square.

Downtown Cairo (Egyptian Arabic: وسط البلد‎‎ West El Balad, "middle of town"), has been the urban center of Cairo, Egypt since the late 19th century, when the district was designed and built.

History

The area, designed by prestigious French architects was commissioned by Khedive Ismail. It was he who stressed the importance of urban planning for the first time in Cairo, to include broad, linear gridded streets, geometric harmony and modern European architectural style.

It was once home to the prosperous elite of late 19th and early 20th century Cairo. It is a relic of a bygone era — Egypt's Belle epoque — and demonstrates the Khedive's vision for developing Egypt. Yet decades of neglect by the neighborhood's landlords and tenants, precipitated by the exodus of the expatriate community after the 1952 Revolution led by Gamal Abdel Nasser, and the ensuing departure of the upper classes, have left the ornate splendor of its ornate edifices mired in decay. Lax enforcement of laws and regulations gave way to the entry of commercial establishments into the neighborhood, mostly with no regard to maintaining aesthetic harmony or preserving the historic buildings.

Downtown landmarks

Groppi ice cream store in Downtown Cairo.

Groppi

Groppi is one of the first and most famous ice cream stores in Cairo, located in Talaat Harb Square. The store was owned by the Italian Groppi family, and survived the nationalization movement in the 1950s and 1960s.

Café Riche

One of the most renowned downtown landmarks, on the 29th of Talaat Harb Street, is the Café Riche which opened in 1908.^[1] At various times a meeting place for intellectuals and revolutionaries, the cafe witnessed many historically significant events over the 20th century. It is said to be where King Farouk saw his second wife,^[1] Nariman Sadek; where the perpetrator of the 1919 failed assassination attempt on Egypt's last Coptic Prime Minister, Youssef Wahba Pacha lay in wait for his target;^[1] and where several members of the resistance during the 1919 revolution met the basement to organize their activities and print their flyers. Patrons included the political novelist Naguib Mahfouz and the then-future president Gamal Abdel Nasser.

Restoration

Heritage groups have long called for a national campaign to preserve and restore the area's architectural legacy and beauty. Only since the 1992 earthquake, which caused notable damage across the city and country, did national campaigns to preserve heritage form, such as the Historic Cairo Restoration Project.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Downtown Cairo.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Downtown Cairo.

• Tahrir Square
• Qasr El Eyni Street
• Talaat Harb Street

References

Districts and suburbs of Greater Cairo
Cairo Governorate	Abbassia Ain Shams Azbakeya Bulaq Daher El Marg Helwan 15th of May Mokattam City of the Dead Manshiyat Naser Nasr City El Qobbah Rhoda Island El Manial El Sakkakini Shubra Shubra El Sahel Rod El Farag Zeitoun Historical Coptic Cairo Downtown Cairo Faggala Fustat Islamic Cairo El Matareya Old Cairo Affluent Garden City Heliopolis Maadi Zamalek Newly planned Badr Madinaty New Cairo Fifth Settlement New Heliopolis El Shorouk
Giza Governorate	Giza Agouza Mit Okba Imbaba Historical Kerdasa Affluent Dokki Mohandessin Newly planned 6th of October Sheikh Zayed
Qalyubia Governorate	Shubra El Kheima Newly planned Obour

Coordinates: 30°02′51″N 31°14′18″E / 30.04750°N 31.23833°E / 30.04750; 31.23833