Crane vessel

Wind Lift I at the harbor in Emden, Germany

A crane vessel, crane ship or floating crane is a ship with a crane specialized in lifting heavy loads. The largest crane vessels are used for offshore construction. Conventional monohulls are used, but the largest crane vessels are often catamaran or semi-submersible types as they have increased stability. On a sheerleg crane, the crane is fixed and cannot rotate, and the vessel therefore is manoeuvered to place loads.

History

In medieval Europe, crane vessels which could be flexibly deployed in the whole port basin were introduced as early as the 14th century.[1]

During the age of sail, the sheer hulk was used extensively as a floating crane for tasks that required heavy lift. At the time, the heaviest single components of ships were the main masts, and sheer hulks were essential for removing and replacing them, but they were also used for other purposes.

USS Kearsarge as Crane Ship No. 1

In 1920, the 1898-built battleship USS Kearsarge (BB-5) was converted to a crane ship when a crane with a capacity of 250 tons was installed. Later it was renamed Crane Ship No. 1.[2] It was used, amongst other things, to place guns and other heavy items on battle ships under construction. Another remarkable feat was the raising of the USS Squalus (SS-192) in 1939.

In 1942, the Crane Ships aka "Heavy Lift Ships" SS Empire Elgar (PQ16), SS Empire Bard (PQ15), and SS Empire Purcell (PQ16) were sent to the Russian Arctic ports of Archangel, Murmansk and Molotovsk (Since renamed Sererodvinsk). Their role was to enable the unloading of the Arctic convoys where port installations were either destroyed by German bombers or were non existent (as at Bakaritsa quay Archangel).

In 1949, J. Ray McDermott had the Derrick Barge Four built, a barge that was outfitted with a 150 tons revolving crane. The arrival of this type of vessel changed the direction of the offshore construction industry. Instead of constructing oil platforms in parts, jackets and decks could be built onshore as modules. For use in the shallow part of the Gulf of Mexico, the cradle of the offshore industry, these barges sufficed.

In 1963, Heerema converted a Norwegian tanker, the Sunnaas, into a crane vessel with a capacity of 300 tons, the first one in the offshore industry that was ship-shaped. It was renamed Global Adventurer. This type of crane vessel was better adapted to the harsh environment of the North Sea.

SSCV Thialf in Norwegian Fjord

In 1978, Heerema had two semi-submersible crane vessels built, the Hermod and the Balder, each with one 2000 ton and one 3000 ton crane. Later both were upgraded to a higher capacity. This type of crane vessel was much less sensitive to sea swell, so that it was possible to operate on the North Sea during the winter months. The high stability also allowed for heavier lifts than was possible with a monohull. The larger capacity of the cranes reduced the installation time of a platform from a whole season to a few weeks. Inspired by this success similar vessels were built. In 1985 the DB-102 was launched for McDermott, with two cranes with a capacity of 6000 tons each. Micoperi had the M7000 built in 1986 with two cranes of 7000 tons each.

However, due to a oil glut in the mid 1980s, the boom in the offshore industry was over, resulting in collaborations. In 1988, a joint venture between Heerema and McDermott was formed, HeereMac. In 1990 Micoperi had to apply for bankruptcy. This enabled Saipem – in the beginning of the 1970s a large heavy lift contractor, but only a small player in this field at the end of the 80s – to take over the M7000 in 1995, later renaming it Saipem 7000. In 1997 Heerema took over the DB-102 from McDermott after discontinuation of their joint venture.[3] The ship was renamed Thialf and, after an upgrade in 2000 to twice 7100 tons, it is now the largest crane vessel in the world even if all the world's lifting records belong to the Saipem 7000 (12150t of Sabratha Deck).

Heavy lift vessels

Heavy Lift Vessels, sorted by capacity[4][5]
Vessel Company Year/Flag Capacity (t) Type Identifier Image
Sleipnir Heerema Marine Contractors 2018  20,000[6] (10,000 + 10,000 tandem, revolving) Semi-submersible
Thialf Heerema Marine Contractors 1985  14,200[7] (7,100 + 7,100 tandem, revolving) Semi-submersible IMO number: 8757740
Saipem 7000 Saipem 1987  14,000[8] (7,000 + 7,000 tandem, revolving) Semi-submersible IMO number: 8501567
Hyundai-10000 Hyundai Heavy Industries 2015  10,000[9] Sheerleg Monohull MMSI number: 440680000
Svanen Van Oord 1991  8,700[10] Sheerleg Catamaran IMO number: 9007453
Hermod Heerema Marine Contractors 1978  8,100[11] (4,500 + 3,600 tandem; 4,500 + 2,700 revolving) Semi-submersible IMO number: 7710214
Lan Jing CNOOC 1990  7,500 (4,000 revolving)[12] Monohull IMO number: 8907527
VB-10,000 Versabar Inc. 2010  6,800[13] Catamaran MMSI number: 367490050
Balder Heerema Marine Contractors 1978  6,300[14] (3,600 + 2,700 tandem; 3,000 + 2,000 revolving) Semi-submersible IMO number: 7710226
Asian Hercules III Asian Lift (Keppel Fels/Smit International JV) 2015  5,000[15] Sheerleg Monohull IMO number: 9660396
Seven Borealis Subsea 7 2012  5,000[16] Monohull IMO number: 9452787
Oleg Strashnov Seaway Heavy Lifting 2011  5,000[17] Monohull IMO number: 9452701
HL 5000 Deep Offshore Technology ?  4,500[18] Sheerleg Barge
Kaisho
(海翔)		 Yorigami Maritime Construction Co., Ltd. ?  4,100[19] Sheerleg Barge
Aegir[20][21] Heerema Marine Contractors 2012  4,000[22] Monohull IMO number: 9605396
Gulliver Scaldis 2017  4,000[23] (2,000 + 2,000 tandem) Sheerleg Barge
Yosho
(洋翔)		 Yorigami Maritime Construction Co., Ltd. ?  4,000[24] Sheerleg Barge
DB 50 J. Ray McDermott 1986  3,800 (3,200 revolving)[25] Monohull IMO number: 8503539
Lan Jiang CNOOC 2001  3,800 (2,500 revolving)[26] Monohull IMO number: 9245641
Swiber Kaizen 4000 Swiber Offshore 2012  3,800[27] Monohull MMSI number: 357978000
Musashi Fukada Salvage & Marine Works Co., Ltd. 1974  3,700[28] Sheerleg Barge
Yoshida No. 50
(第５０吉田号)		 Yoshida Gumi, Ltd. ?  3,700[29] Sheerleg Barge
L 3601 Sembcorp Marine 2012  3,600[30] Sheerleg Barge
Rambiz Scaldis 1976  3,300[31] (1,700 + 1,600 tandem) Sheerleg Barge IMO number: 9136199
Asian Hercules II Asian Lift (Keppel Fels/Smit International JV) 1985  3,200[32] Sheerleg Monohull IMO number: 8639297
DB 101 (ex-Narwhal) J. Ray McDermott 1978  3,200[4] Semi-submersible (scrapped) IMO number: 7709069
Lewek Constellation EMAS Chiyoda Subsea 2014  3,000[33] Monohull IMO number: 9629756
Fuji Fukada Salvage & Marine Works Co., Ltd. ?  3,000[28] Sheerleg Barge
Yoshida No. 28
(第２８吉田号)		 Yoshida Gumi, Ltd. ?  3,000[34] Sheerleg Barge
Swiber PJW3000 Swiber Offshore 2010  3,000[27] Barge MMSI number: 370210000
Wei Li Shanghai Salvage 2010  3,000[35] Monohull IMO number: 9597628
SADAF 3000 Darya Fan Qeshm Industries Company 1985  3,000[36] Sheerleg Barge IMO number: 8415512
DB 30 J. Ray McDermott ?  2,794 (2,223 revolving)[37] Monohull MMSI number: 356011000
LTS 3000 L&T-SapuraCrest JV[38] 2010  2,722[39] Monohull IMO number: 9446843
Sapura 3000 SapuraAcergy 2008  2,722[40] Monohull IMO number: 9391270
Stanislav Yudin Seaway Heavy Lifting 1985  2,500[41] Monohull IMO number: 8219463
Lewek Champion EMAS Chiyoda Subsea 2007  2,200[42] Monohull IMO number: 9377377
Suruga Fukada Salvage & Marine Works Co., Ltd. ?  2,200[28] Sheerleg Barge
Taklift 4 Smit International 1981  2,200[5] Sheerleg Barge IMO number: 8010506
Saipem 3000 Saipem 1984  2,177[43] revolving Monohull IMO number: 8309165
DB 27 J. Ray McDermott 1974  2,177 (1,270 revolving)[44] Barge IMO number: 8757685
Kongo Fukada Salvage & Marine Works Co., Ltd. ?  2,050[28] Sheerleg Barge
Quippo Prakash MDL/Quippo/Sapura JV 2010  2,000[45] Monohull
NOR Goliath Coastline Maritime 2009  2,000[46] Monohull IMO number: 9396933
Sampson Coastline Maritime 2010  2,000[46] Monohull IMO number: 9429455
Huasteco Grupo Protexa 1960  1,800[47] Monohull IMO number: 5377953
Tolteca CAMSA 1955  1,800[48] Monohull IMO number: 5320522
Matador 3 Bonn Mees 2002  1,800[49] Sheerleg Barge IMO number: 9272137
Left Coast Lifter Fluor/American Bridge/Granite/Traylor Brothers JV 2009  1,699[50] Sheerleg Barge
Asian Hercules Asian Lift (Keppel Fels/Smit International JV) ?  1,600[51] Sheerleg Barge MMSI number: 563314000
DLB1600 Valentine Maritime Gulf 2013  1,600 (1,200 revolving)[52] Barge IMO number: 9681651
Shinsho-1600
(神翔-1600)		 Yorigami Maritime Construction Co., Ltd. ?  1,600[53] Monohull

See also

References

  1. ↑ Michael Matheus: "Mittelalterliche Hafenkräne," in: Uta Lindgren (ed.): Europäische Technik im Mittelalter. 800-1400, Berlin 2001 (4th ed.), p.346 ISBN 3-7861-1748-9
  2. ↑ "Popular Science". google.com.
  3. ↑ "J. Ray McDermott ends HeereMac joint venture". gasandoil.com.
  4. 1 2 Greenberg, Jerry (November 2010). "2010 Worldwide Survey of Heavy Lift Vessels" (PDF). Offshore Magazine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 August 2016. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  5. 1 2 Moon, Ted (November 2014). "2014 Worldwide Survey of Heavy Lift Vessels" (PDF). Offshore Magazine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 July 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  6. ↑ "Sleipnir". Heerema Marine Contractors. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  7. ↑ "Thialf Datasheet". Heerema Marine Contractors. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  8. ↑ "Saipem 7000 Datasheet". Saipem S.p.A. - A subsidiary of Eni S.p.A. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  9. ↑ "World's Biggest Shear-Leg Floating Crane in Operation" (Press release). Marine Executive. 10 June 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  10. ↑ "Heavy Lift Installation Vessel Svanen" (PDF). Van Oord. October 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  11. ↑ "Hermod Datasheet". Heerema Marine Contractors. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  12. ↑ "Lan Jing Vessel Information". cnoocengineering. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  13. ↑ "VB-10,000 Datasheet".
  14. ↑ "Balder Datasheet". Heerema Marine Contractors. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  15. ↑ "Asian Hercules III" (PDF). Asian Lift. April 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  16. ↑ "Seven Borealis Datasheet" (PDF). Subsea 7. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  17. ↑ "Oleg Strashnov". Seaway Heavy Lifting. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  18. ↑ "HL 5000". Deep Offshore Technology. 2008. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  19. ↑ "海翔 Kaisho". Yorigami Maritime Construction Co., Ltd. Retrieved 3 August 2016.
  20. ↑ "HMC's New Vessel named "Aegir" after Norse God of the Sea". Heerema Marine Contractors. 20 December 2010. Retrieved 26 March 2011.
  21. ↑ "Huisman to deliver heavylifting and pipelay equipment onboard Heerema's new Deep Water Construction Vessel". huismanequipment.com. Huisman Equipment B.V. July 26, 2010. Retrieved 2 April 2014.
  22. ↑ "Aegir". Heerema Marine Contractors. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  23. ↑ "Gulliver" (PDF). Scaldis Salvage & Marine Contractors NV. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  24. ↑ "洋翔 Yosho". Yorigami Maritime Construction Co., Ltd. Retrieved 3 August 2016.
  25. ↑ "Derrick Barge 50" (PDF). McDermott International, Inc. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  26. ↑ "Lan Jiang Vessel Information". cnoocengineering. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  27. 1 2 "Offshore Construction Vessels: Derrick Crane / Accommodation Work Barge". Swiber Holdings Ltd. 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
  28. 1 2 3 4 "Register of Ships: Crane Vessels". Fukada Salvage & Marine Works Co., Ltd. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  29. ↑ 第５０吉田号 [50th Yoshida-Go]. Yoshida Gumi, Ltd. Retrieved 3 August 2016.
  30. ↑ "Annual Report" (PDF). Sembcorp Marine. 2012. p. 89. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  31. ↑ "Rambiz" (PDF). Scaldis Salvage & Marine Contractors NV. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  32. ↑ "Asian Hercules II" (PDF). Asian Lift. February 2002. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  33. ↑ "Lewek Constellation" (PDF). EMAS Chiyoda Subsea. 2012. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
  34. ↑ 第２８吉田号 [28th Yoshida-Go]. Yoshida Gumi, Ltd. Retrieved 3 August 2016.
  35. ↑ "Wei Li". China Rescue and Salvage. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  36. ↑ "SADAF 3000". Darya Fan Qeshm Industries Company. 2009. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  37. ↑ "Derrick Barge 30" (PDF). McDermott International, Inc. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  38. ↑ http://www.lntsapuracrest.com
  39. ↑ "Ulstein Sea of Solutions BV" (PDF). seaofsolutions.nl.
  40. ↑ "Our Innovative Breakthrough Vessel: Sapura 3000" (PDF). sapuraacergy.com. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  41. ↑ "The HLV Stanislav Yudin". Seaway Heavy Lifting. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  42. ↑ "Lewek Champion" (PDF). EMAS Chiyoda Subsea. 2016. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
  43. ↑ "Saipem 3000". Saipem. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  44. ↑ "Derrick Barge 27" (PDF). McDermott International, Inc. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  45. ↑ "Derrick lay barge Quippo Prakash delivered to Indian JV". Offshore Shipping Online. 13 May 2010. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  46. 1 2 "Drydocks World South East Asia to build giant construction vessel". marinelog.com.
  47. ↑ "Activos Protexa Construcciones". protexa.com.mx.
  48. ↑ "Crane Ship Tolteca" (PDF). GRUPO R. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
  49. ↑ "Matador 3" (PDF). Bonn&Mees. 2002. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  50. ↑ "Bay Bridge Construction Enters Momentous Stage As Giant Crane Barge Makes Historic Entry" (PDF) (Press release). San Francisco. 12 March 2009. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
  51. ↑ "Asian Hercules" (PDF). Asian Lift. February 2002. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  52. ↑ "Specification of Derrick Lay Barge DLB 1600" (PDF). Valentine Maritime (Gulf) LLC. Retrieved 2 August 2016.
  53. ↑ "神翔-1600 Shinsho-1600". Yorigami Maritime Construction Co., Ltd. Retrieved 3 August 2016.
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