Council of State
A Council of State is the name of a governmental body in a country, or a subdivision of a country, with a function that varies by jurisdiction. It may be the formal name for the cabinet, or it may refer to a non-executives advisory body associated with a head of state. In some countries it also has a function as a supreme administrative court. It is sometimes regarded as the equivalent of a privy council.
Modern
- The Belgian Council of State is a judicial and advisory body that assists the executive with obligatory legal advice on each draft law and is the supreme court for administrative justice.
- The British Council of State is a group that performs the functions of the monarch in the monarch's temporary absence, for example when the monarch is on a Commonwealth tour or has a temporary illness. The Council of State is not to be confused with the Privy Council of the United Kingdom.
- Colombian Council of State
- The State Council of the People's Republic of China is that country's highest administrative body.
- Cuban Council of State
- The Danish Council of State is similar to a privy council. Its role is largely ceremonial, and includes granting the royal assent and approving the monarch's activities as head of state. It consists of all the cabinet ministers and the Crown Prince or Hereditary Princess when he or she is of age.
- The Dutch Council of State is an advisory body that consists of one or two members of the royal family and other members appointed by the Crown for their political, commercial, diplomatic or military experience. The Council of State must be consulted by the Dutch cabinet on proposed legislation before a law is submitted to Parliament. It also serves as a channel of appeal for citizens against decisions of the executive branch.
- Egyptian Council of State
- Council of State, the official name of the Cabinet of Finland
- The French Council of State is a judicial and advisory body. It assists the executive with legal advice and is the supreme court for administrative justice.
- The Ghanaian Council of State advises the President of Ghana in the exercise of most of his/her reserve powers.
- The Greek Council of State is the supreme administrative court of Greece and also examines all presidential decrees before they are issued.
- The Indian Council of State or Rajya Sabha is the upper house of the Parliament of India.
- The Irish Council of State advises the President of Ireland in the exercise of most of his/her reserve powers. In practice it meets only rarely. The President is not obliged to heed its advice, but must consult it in certain specific circumstances.
- The Italian Council of State is a legal and administrative consultative body that ensures the legality of public administration.
- The Liberian Council of State was an interim governing body in the mid-1990s (see President of Liberia)
- Luxembourg Council of State
- Nigerian Council of State
- North Carolina Council of State
- Norwegian Council of State
- Philippine Council of State
- The Portuguese Council of State is an advisory body of the President of the Republic in the exercise of most of his/her powers. It is summoned by the President whenever he wishes, though he is obliged to do so when he proposes to dissolve the Assembly of the Republic or to issue a declaration of war or of peace. He or she is not bound by its advice.
- The Spanish Council of State was the name of a council for foreign affairs in existence from 1522 to 1834. Since the mid-19th century it has been the name of the highest consultative council of the Government.
- In Switzerland a Conseil d'État is the cantonal government in each of the French-speaking cantons.
- The Thai Council of State advises the executive branch on legal matters. Until the establishment of the administrative courts in 1999 it also served as the supreme administrative court.
- Turkish Council of State is the supreme court for administrative justice.
Defunct
- English Council of State (1649–1660)
- Swedish Council of State (1809-1974)
- Council of State (Kingdom of Poland) (1815-1915) and Polish Council of State (1947–1989)
- Council of State of the Empire of Brazil (1822-1889)
- Council of State (Ottoman Empire) (1868-1922)
- Council of State (India) (1919–1947)
- Great Council of State of Japan (689-1885)
- Supreme Council of State of Siam (1925-1932)
- General Affairs State Council of Manchukuo (1934-1945)
- Provisional State Council of Israel (1948-1949)
- State Council of the German Democratic Republic (1960-1990)
- Chilean Council of State (1976–1980)
- Vietnamese Council of State (1980-1992) was roughly equivalent to the current President of Vietnam and Standing Committee of the National Assembly of Vietnam
See also
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