Bun'ō

History of Japan
Shōsōin
Periods Paleolithic before 14,000 BC Jōmon 14,000 – 300 BCE Yayoi 300 BCE – 250 CE Kofun 250–538 Asuka 538–710 Nara 710–794 Heian 794–1185 Kamakura 1185–1333 Kenmu Restoration 1333–1336 Muromachi (Ashikaga) Nanboku-chō Sengoku 1336–1573 Azuchi–Momoyama Nanban trade 1568–1603 Edo (Tokugawa) Bakumatsu 1603–1868 Meiji Restoration 1868–1912 Taishō World War I 1912–1926 Shōwa Financial crisis Militarism Pacific War Occupation Post-occupation 1926–1989 Heisei Lost Decade 1989–present
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Glossary Timeline

Bun'ō (文応) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name") after Shōka and before Kōchō. This period spanned the years from April 1260 to February 1261.^[1] The reigning emperor was Kameyama-tennō (亀山天皇).^[2]

Change of era

• 1260 Bun'ō gannen (文応元年): The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The years of the Shōgen era was in a period marked by famine and epidemics; and the era name was changed in quick succession in the hope that this might bring them to a close.^[3] The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Shōka 3.

Events of the Bun'ō era

• 1260 (Bun'ō 1): Crop failures brought widespread starvation.^[4]
• 1260 (Bun'ō 1): Nichiren preached in the streets of Kamakura.^[5]
• July 16, 1260 (Bun'ō 1, 7th day of the 6th mongh): Nichiren submitted a formal remonstrance to Hojo Tokiyori; this was the "Treatise on Securing Peace in the Land through the Establishment of True Buddhism" (Rissho Ankoku Ron)^[6]
• 1260 (Bun'ō 1): Buddhism was introduced from Japan to the Ryūkyū Kingdom.^[7]
• 1260 (Bun'ō 1): The rise of pirates and increased raids from safe havens in Tsushima began to develop into a major problem.^[4]

Notes

References

• Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). Japan encyclopedia. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01753-5; OCLC 58053128
• Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
• Totman, Conrad D. (1999). A History of Japan. Boston: Blackwell. ISBN 9780631214472; ISBN 9781557860767; OCLC 59570371
• Varley, H. Paul. (1980). A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231049405; OCLC 6042764

External links

• National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection