Kenyon Institute

The Kenyon Institute, previously known as the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem (BSAJ), is a British research institute in Jerusalem. No longer focused on archaeology, the Institute instead serves as "the home of British research and intellectual life in Israel/Palestine" in the fields of humanities, social sciences and "all the academic disciplines supported by the British Academy."^[1] It is part of the Council for British Research in the Levant.

History

The institute was established in 1919 as the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem (BSAJ). The London-based Palestine Exploration Fund was instrumental in its foundation.

The first Director was British archaeologist John Garstang, and among its earliest students was architect-archaeologist George Horsfield, later Chief Inspector of Antiquities in British Mandate Transjordan. An excavation at Tughbah Caves by BSAJ student Francis Turville-Petre in 1925 yielded an important prehistoric find, the Galilee skull.^[2] Under Garstang's directorship, the BSAJ began excavations on Mount Ophel, Jerusalem, with the Palestine Exploration Fund. Garstang resigned his post as Director of the BSAJ in 1926 and British archaeologist John Winter Crowfoot, who had trained at the British School at Athens, became the School's second Director. With his wife, Grace Mary (Molly) Crowfoot, a noted expert in textiles, crafts and botany, John Crowfoot conducted excavations at Mount Ophel, Jerusalem (1927–1929), Jerash (1928–1930) and Samaria (1930–1935).^[3] Dorothy Garrod, who excavated at Mount Carmel as a BSAJ student in 1929 along with Mary Kitson-Clark and Elinor Ewbank, produced evidence of the Natufian culture.^[4]

The British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem had close ties to the American Schools of Oriental Research, led by archaeologist William Foxwell Albright, and the French École Biblique, through the Reverend Fathers Luis-Hughes Vincent, Antoine Raphael Savignac and Felix-Marie Abel.^[5][6]

In 1998 the BSAJ merged with the British Institute at Amman for Archaeology and History to form the Council for British Research in the Levant (CBRL) and in 2001 was renamed the Kenyon Institute, to reflect the wider range of disciplines supported by the institute as part of the CBRL.^[7]

List of directors

• John Garstang (1919 to 1926); inaugural director
• John Winter Crowfoot (1926 to 1935)^[8]
• Robert Hamilton (1938 to 1948)^[1]
• Crystal Bennett (1970 to 1983)^[9]

See also

• Albright Institute of Archaeological Research

Further reading

• Gibson, S (1999). "British Archaeological Institutions in Mandatory Palestine, 1917-1948". Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 131: 115–143. doi:10.1179/peq.1999.131.2.115. 
• Thornton, A. 2009. "Archaeological Training in Mandate Palestine: The BSAJ Minute Books at the PEF," available at: http://www.pef.org.uk/archive/.
• Thornton, A (2012). "Archaeologists-in-Training: Students of the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem, 1920-1936". Journal of Open Archaeology Data. 1: e1. doi:10.5334/4f293686e4d62. 

References