Bibliography of Ulysses S. Grant

Ulysses Grant
18th President of the United States
In office
March 4, 1869  March 4, 1877
Vice President Schuyler Colfax (1869–1873)
Henry Wilson (1873–1875)
None (1875–1877)
Preceded by Andrew Johnson
Succeeded by Rutherford B. Hayes
Commanding General of the United States Army
In office
March 9, 1864  March 4, 1869
President Abraham Lincoln
Andrew Johnson
Preceded by Henry W. Halleck
Succeeded by William Tecumseh Sherman
Personal details
Born Hiram Ulysses Grant
(1822-04-27)April 27, 1822
Point Pleasant, Ohio
Died July 23, 1885(1885-07-23) (aged 63)
Wilton, New York
Resting place General Grant National Memorial
Upper Manhattan, New York
Political party Republican
Spouse(s) Julia Dent
Children Frederick, Ulysses Jr., Nellie, Jesse
Alma mater United States Military Academy
Profession Soldier
Religion Methodism
Signature Cursive signature in ink
Military service
Allegiance  United States of America
Service/branch United States Army
Years of service 1839–1854
1861–1869
Rank General of the Army
Commands 21st Illinois Infantry Regiment
Army of the Tennessee
Military Division of the Mississippi
United States Army
Battles/wars

Mexican-American War

American Civil War

Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was the 18th president of the United States (1869–1877) following his success as military commander in the American Civil War. Under Grant, the Union Army defeated the Confederate military; the war, and secession, ended with the surrender of Robert E. Lee's army at Appomattox Court House. As president, Grant led the Radical Republicans in their effort to eliminate vestiges of Confederate nationalism and slavery, protect African American citizenship, and defeat the Ku Klux Klan. In foreign policy, Grant sought to increase American trade and influence, while remaining at peace with the world. Although his Republican Party split in 1872 as reformers denounced him, Grant was easily reelected. During his second term the country's economy was devastated by the Panic of 1873, while investigations exposed corruption scandals in the administration. The conservative white Southerners regained control of Southern state governments and Democrats took control of the federal House of Representatives. By the time Grant left the White House in 1877, his Reconstruction policies were being undone. After leaving office, Grant embarked on a two-year world tour that included many enthusiastic receptions. In 1880, he made an unsuccessful bid for a third presidential term. However, his memoirs, written as he was dying, were a critical and popular success, and his death prompted an outpouring of national mourning. Historical assessments of the Grant Administration have traditionally been critical; Grant's presidency having been ranked among the lowest by historians. Grant's reputation was marred by his defense of corrupt appointees and by his conservative deflationary policy during the Panic of 1873. [1] While still below average, his reputation among scholars has significantly improved in recent years because of greater appreciation for his commitment to civil rights, moral courage in his prosecution of the Ku Klux Klan, and enforcement of voting rights.[2]

There are abundant historical material resources on Grant and his role during the Civil War and thereafter.[3] However, there have been few historical scholarly studies, mostly negative, on his presidency.[3] Analysis of Grant's presidency by some modern scholars, including Grant biographers Jean Edward Smith (2001) and H.W. Brands (2012), have generally been more positive and less critical of Grant.[3] Encyclopedic presidential summary biographies of Grant rely heavily on secondary sources and tend to offer non scholarly negative views of Grant.[3] According to one bibliographical source, to obtain a more complete assessment of Grant and his presidency during Reconstruction both contemporary, primary, and scholarly accounts of Grant, his Inaugural Addresses, including his communications and annual messages to Congress are recommended readings.[3] In May 2012, on the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Ulysses S. Grant Foundation, Mississippi State University was selected as the permanent location for Ulysses S. Grant's Presidential Library.[4] Historian John Simon edited Grant's letters into a 32-volume scholarly edition published by Southern Illinois University Press.[5]

Biographical and political

Military

Primary sources

Inaugural Addresses

State of the Union Addresses

Executive orders

Proclamations

Special Messages

1. President Ulysses S. Grant
2. Dates: March 4, 1869 to March 3, 1877
3. Document Category: Written Messages - To Congress

Civil Service Commission

Veto Messages

1. President Ulysses S. Grant
2. Dates: March 4, 1869, to March 3, 1877
3. Document Category: Veto Messages - To Congress

Treaty of Washington 1871

Indian Appropriations Act 1871

Papers of Ulysses S. Grant

Memoirs

Grant's world tour

Historiography

References

  1. Brands 2012b, p. 44; Murray & Blessing, p. 55.
  2. Brands 2012b, p. 44.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Simpson 2005, p. Introduction and Acknowledgements xxv.
  4. See website
  5. See Catalog. A search engine is at Ulysses S Grant Digital Collections at Mississippi State U

Sources

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